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CO ± CO LliSNI NVINOSHillAIS S3IBVaan LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOliOiliSNI NVINOSHillNS SBIBVaaiT O) CO n/!p!OM ' ■' SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA PARK (Across from Natural History Museum) MEETS THIRD THORSDAY — 7:30 P.M., Room 104. President: Bob Schoening Uice-President : Hugh Bradner Recording Secretary: Blanche Brewer Corresponding Secretary: John Smith Treasurer: Martin Schuler Editor: Carole Hertz Annual Dues: Single membership S3. 00; Family membership S4.00; Overseas surface S3. 50; Student membership 12,00, Payable to San ^iego Shell Club, Inc,, c/o Martin Schuler, 5170 Baxter Street, San Diego, Ca. 92117. _ UOL. V/II FEBROARY NO. 2 * * PROGRAM: "Dangerous Marine Animals and Other Interesting Observations" I will be the topic of the'talk by Jimmy Stewart of Scripps X Institute of Oceanography. His talk will be accompanied by a film J Meeting Bate: February 19, 1976 Time: 7:30 P.M. * Room 104 (across the patio) FROM THE MINUTES Jules and Carole Hertz presented their travelog of a recent trip to Fiji and Huahine at our January meeting, Uery pleasurable, (article follows in this issue) Our regular business session followed. A motion was made and carried to give S25.DD to the Weliger for the year 1975. Holding a raffle as part of our regular program was suggested by our president, Bob Schoening. After discussion, a motion carried to give the idea a trial, Billee Diluorth brought two new books to the meeting for the membership to see and possibly order-?— "The Murex Book' by Ruth H, Fair and "What Shell is That" by Neville Ccleman, (The latter has been ordered by the Club library and will be reviewed later.) Barbara Myers volunteered as library assistant and June King agreed to serve on the Phone Committee, liJe were reminded that the plant sale by the San Diego Botanical Garden Foundation, Inc. is scheduled for May 29,30. Each member of each member group is asked to contribute at least one flourishing plant by that date. Among guests introduced were Max Marrow and Ron Atkinson from Hcfnilton, Uictoria, Australia. Mr. Marrow is a third generatioin shell collector and his family has one of the largest collections in Australia. He specializes in triphora and mitra, A paper was passed for volunteers for cookies. Cookies for the meeting were furnished by Bob Schoening, Norval Brewer won the shell drawing. a TRAVELING AND COLLECTING IN FIJI By Carole M, Hertz In August of last year Jules and I realized our dream of a visit to Fiji, never really believing that the trip would materialize until ue had set foot on Viti Levu, Uje took off with our daughters on the evening of Aug. 15 on Pan Am flight 490. After an interminable trip (one hour out of L.A. a malfunction registered on the pilot's instrument panel and back we went to L.A. for a five hour delay added to the eleven hour flight) we arrived in Nadi early on Sunday morning. Oe were happy to be in Fiji at long last and ready for rest. But we were to have a bit more trouble first. Our automatic shift, rental car turned out to be a standard "four on the floor." And besides traveling on the "wrong" side of the road in a car with the controls on the "wrong" side, we broke down about 20 miles from the airport in the tiny town of Tau. (Our hotel was about 60 miles from thfe airport). The people at the small general ^store, which was the town, were of no help. Finally a police van came by. The- handsome police- man in sulu and beret was friendly and tried to be helpful. He would call "Avis" and have another car sent to us. But — his radiophone wouldn't work. T[ien he decided to drive up the road to a phone but the van wouldn't start. After traveling for IB hours, we were all pushing the police van, liJe never saw the policeman again. Our guardian angels finally appeared to us in a converted Land Rover. A delightful couple, the Procters, teachers on the island, were returning from a shopping trip in Nadi and they stopped, advised us to remove our luggage and lock the car and come with them. To our great surprise they lived a block from our hotel! Ue piled into the back of the camper with our luggage and their roofing materials and we bounced our way over the coral rubble road the 40 or so more miles to Horotogo and our hotel, the Tubakula, At this point we were not quite sure that our dream trip was such a good idea after all. Our hotel was all we'd hoped it would be, not the fancy kind which makes any place look like every other place. Our "room" was an A-frame bungalow just a yawn from the water's edge. The white coral sand came to our doorstep. Our daughters had the second floor dormitory to themselves and our bedroom was downstairs along with the kitchen and dining/living room area. The kitchen was complete with clean dishes, cookware, a gas stove and oven and a "Mexico- style" refrigerator. The bathroom had an interesting shower — sometimes water, sometimes no- — and a separate and infuriating device for drinking water which never failed to overflow the cup no matter how cleverly the user planned it. The hotel as a central building which serves as restaurant, small bar and closet-sized stoajE, But the best part of the hotel was the people. Friendly, helpful people who made us feel like members of the family, Isoah Yakabai, the hotel manager and his wife Elina and UcHni Naqasima, the cook, tour guide, reef guide and storyteller are unforgettable people. The four of us had walnut-sized lumps in our’throats when we had to leave them after our five day stay, Uhat fun to walk out on the reef! A decidedly new experience for us. I'd never even seen a reef before, Ue explored that reef almost each day, fascinated to see mollusks live there that we'd seen only in the collectors' cabinets, T ridacna maxima Rtiding with its blue "smile" was everywhere. Cypraea moneta Linne and C, obvelata Lamarck were in groups under and on every coral head from the water's edge to the reef, I never tired of looking at the variety within each of the two species. Then the T rochus niloticus Linne (which is only uncommon there if very large) was so exciting to see in its environment. There were many different cones on the reef in pools amid the corals and several varieties of miters including our first Mitra st ict ica Link, found with its long proboscis extended, searching through the coral-sand substrate. 9 UhilB LIE LJBre thBrs us had an Exciting advBnturE cn thE rsEf by night. Tuo Australian guests and Jules and I went out with uJami as cur guide, tuo Australians uere using the Fiji-style spear and uere after fish and, of course, Jules and I uere looking for shells. Uami kneu every boulder of the reef and he had the ailing Coleman lantern. Ue'd all look for shells for auhile and then be "left" like Jack and Jill uith their bucket, uhile the three hunted for fish for auhile, Uie folloued aJami all over the reef, alternately shelling or fishing. Eels uere everyuhere, the crayfish uere different (IjJami caught them uith his feet), small gar fish uere found and enough shells to keep us trudging along. It uas fun, liJe saved one day for Suva. Ue left early in the morning by taxi for the 21^ hour trip* It turned out to be almost as economical to go by cab, especially since ue could concentrate on the scenery and let the driver uorry about the horrendous road, Alex, our Indian driver, uas also an eKcellent guide. He took us on several side roads uhich ue uould never have seen otheruise. As ue neared Suva the scenery became more tropical and the humidity and tem- perature likeuise. Once in Suva ue enjoyed the exotic atmosphere, the smells, the colors and the throngs of people of all sizes and shapes bustling about the narrou streets. Most of the businesses and shops are run by Indians and the saris, fabrics and jeuelry in the shops uere exquisite. The saris uere my ueak- ness. Like a child in a toy store, I couldn't make a choice. Each favorite led to another still more lovely, Ue uandered through the streets for several hours sometimes "reuandering" a feu by mistake and then met /\lex again, uho drove us to other areas of the city and to the Governor's Palace and Gardens before the ride home to the Tubakula, Lie found Suva a compelling city in contrast to l\iadi uhich is flavorless. Hou- ever, cities are not our thing and ue really preferred the little toun of Sigatoka, just five minutes from our hotel in Korotogo, There ue uere able to buy anything ue needed — delicious bread and more jam to go uith our traveling companion — peanut butter. Most of all ue enjoyed being bums, auay from touns and cities. Dur best sightseeing uas done uith Lami uho took us to his village just a feu minutes auay doun the beach from the hotel. T[iErB the people still live in the cool bures uoven of pandanus. Le visited his church and his sister's home uhere ue uere invited in, Ue met his shy and beautiful little children and he explained hou the bures are built and the uses of some of the articles uithin. Ue learned of the destruction done by the hurricanes to the bures. In the richer villages, the people are gradually rebuilding the bures uith cinderblock to prevent their destruction by storms. The tin-roofed, cinderblock house looks poor compared to the delicate uork of the traditional bute. Ue found ourselves in the uater of the lagoon several times a day. It seemed a shame to let it go to uaste, Tuere uere aluays colorful fish to biatch and large corals to investigate. The iijgter uas uarm and I found it a pleasure to snorkel uithout all the paraphenalia of uet suit, ueight belt, etc. Just snorkel, fins and mask, I uas so excited uhen I found my first Cypraea tigris Linne in about ten feet of uat.ir, I nearly sualloued the uhole lagoon f Too soon our five days uere over and though ue uere eagerly looking foruard to The Blue Lagoon Crdise to the Yasauas, leave taking uas very difficult. After much hugging and eye-uiping ue uere off in '\lexis' taxi to Nadi and then the next morning up to Lautoka and the good ship Dleanda, The 120 ft. Dleanda uith its tuenty air conditioned cabins, each uith its oun shouer and toilet and the narrouest bunks in the uorld uas a joy ride from beginning to end. Music aluays, by some member of the creu not too busy to plunk on a guitar and sing; delightful shipboard companions (the passengers mostly Neu Zealanders, a sprinkling of .'ustralians and us); efficient and friendly creu and delicious food miraculously prepared in a pint-sized galley and served con- stantly, If it uasn't a meal, it uas Tea or High Tea, Uhile ue all complained 10 that UB ujers eating too much, ue fought our uay to the buffet table each teatime so as not to miss that tasty crumpet. □n the first day out ue had a five hour trip to reach our destination at Nanuya-Lai-Lai . t^eople still didn't knou each other and the suells sere a bit troublesome at times. But by early afternoon ue uere anchored, had made friends, been fed and uere in paradise. The uaters off the Yasauas are crystal clear and pleasantly uarm, Magnificent coral formations begin in about ten feet of uater uith hundredss upon hundreds of unbelievably beautiful fish. It uas here on an early morning sBim that I sau my first lionfish about thirty feet belnu me, gliding in and out of the coral. I couldn't believe my eyes. The uater uas so clear that uhen I sau a shell on the bottom and dived to retrieve it my ears screamed in pain uhen I uas just part of the uay doun. Realizing depth here uas a uhole neu thing, Gn our first evening the creu prepared a lovo (food baked underground) on tbe island — delicious suckling pig accompanied by sueet potatoes, tapioca and taro. IjJb didn't think too much of the taro or tapioca. The tapioca is not at all uhat ue think of at home, (On Uiti Levu, houever, Uami mad a delicious dish out of the tapioca root.) After the feast ue uere entertained by the people of the village uho uere dressed in traditional costumes. At this meke, the uomen sang six or seven of their lovely songs and the men enacted several of their dances and accom- panied themselves on some unusual instruments. They uere not a professional troupe and they laughed and joked as they entertained and ue laughed and enjoyed uith them, Idhen they'd finished their shou, villagers and passengers all danced together till ue all thought ue'd drop. Be all slept uell that night. The next day ue sailed to the limestone caves at Saue-I-Lau. Ue suam in the pools of the cave (in the saltiest uater I'd ever tasted) uhile the young men of the creu scaled the ualls of the cave and dived in from high above us. During the time on Gaue-I-Lau, the sea uas rough and ue didn't suim there. But Jules and I di d some shore collecting, managing to be the last to return to tiie ship, Ge found some interesting shells on the rocky shore. Ge collected several Mancinella mancinella Linne, Turbo chrysostomus L, and J[. cinereus Boirn, li!e sau chitons and several varieties of cones in. the pools. That afternoon ue dressed up(dressBS for the uomen, shirts and shorts for the men-shoes optional) and visited a village on the island of l^abukeru and thorougflily enjoyed the casual tour given by several members of the creui', one of uhom came from that very village. His talk to us in his church (Methodit is the predominant church on the islands) uas eloquent. On our return to Nanuya-Lai-Lai it uas in for suimming, Ge couldn't get enough of that glorious uater uith the fantastically beautiful fish. Our last day on the Oleanda took us to a village market on Meura, Ghat fun! All the ladies had their uoven goods, shells and shell crafts spread out on the beach and ue "shopped" from cine to the other admiring, discussing price, just plain chatting and laughing and buying. Ge bought several coral"puka-style" necklaces ingeniously using hooks and eyes for clasps, a uoven tablecloth and a Haliotis ovina Gmelin, (Ge promptly found a good dead specimen minutes later lying on the beach. The prices uere so reasonable and it uas such fun to buy -no bargaining- in this congenial atmosphere, Ghile ue uaited for the launch to take us back to the boat, the children of the village gave us an impromptu concert. Older boys climbed the palms and pre- pared coconuts for us and little children shyly sidled up to us and started con- versations. Our tri-P uas almost over and ue uere on our uay back to Lautoka. In 2% days sixty or so strangers (passengers and creu) became a close-knit group, all of uhom regretted leaving paradise, — Next stop, French Polynesia. 11 BURNIA CHICLAYA LJL3SGN, 1961 m SAr^ FELIPE The pictured Bcrni a c h i c 1 a y a Dlsscn, 1961 bjas one of several found by Joyce Gemmell of uan Felipe, Baja California, Mexico , In 1967 she found them in ^an Felipe Bay after a big storm and in 1969 she found more north of Ban Felipe Point (around Pete's Camp) at kilometer 178. She collected auout one dozen live-r- the animals are still dried in, iRSy mere found either in running streams or at the bottom of the slope on the s.md flat in the drift. In "Mollusks of the Tropical Eastern Pacific Panamic-Pacif ic Pelecepoda" by Axel A. Ulsson, published in 1961 the range is given as t.!0 separate collecting points — Chimbote, Peru and fiegritos, Peru b)ith the holotype from Chimbote. And in the second edition of Keen's "Sea Shells of Tropical uJest America" the range is given as Northmestern Peiu and the shell is listed from a single v-^lve. Bornia cniclaya Ulsson, 1961 Top - exterior viem Bottom - interior vieu) Actual size - 7mm long and 7mm wide Photos by Dave Mulliner BOOK REVIEW CONE SHELLS OP THE WORLD, by J. A, Marsh, Illustrated by 0. H, Rippingale. Published by Jacaranda Press Pty Ltd, First Published in 1964» second edition in 1968 and the third in 1974. 24 plates, 500 cones described, 185 pages, U,S,A, price $25,00 Finally, after about 8 years in the waiting room, Jacaranda Press has published the 5rd edition of Marsh and Rippingale 's GONE SHELLS OF THE WORLD, The book was to be revised and as much as I have seen, the revisions are few. They consist of correcting a typographical error on page 95 of the 2nd edition. There, the printers misnumbered two cones making Conus adamsoni into G_, bullatus and vice-versa. Another revision was the addition of a two or three paragraph footnote on the bottom of page I3 which empasizes the danger and the caution which should be used when collecting cones. Also, the footnote gives a case where a child found a pretty Conus textile, and then placed it in her mother's hand for her to see, (cute kid) , This new ^rd edition has nice new colors for the drawings, and in the opinion of this reviewer, CONE SHELLS OF THE WORLD is still the best book available on the cone family. It gives good data on each species by describing the shells appearance and its range, - Martin Schuler 12 THUMBPRINT REWIEUS OF NEU OFFICERS by Blanche Breuier Dur vice-president, (Dr.) Hugh 'Bradner teaches Engineering Physics and Geophysics (earthquake science) at U.C.S.D. in La Oolla and has been on the campus for fifteen years» Before that he instructed at Berkeley (another fif- teen years) in the Rad^iation Laboratory in physics. During U.QJ.II, he mas associated mith the production of magnetic mines and also partidipated in the Manhattan Project at Los Hlamos. With his mife he has collected shells, casually, for years but began col- lecting seriously after a visit to Fiji and on a visit to Enimetok decided to specialize in cypraea and conus. At present he teaches a class on "Society and the Sea". John Smith, corresponding secretary is a radar specialist in the navy mith eight years behind him. He mas born in Tampa, Florida ahd has collected shells since childhood. Homever, he has collected seriously only since the beginning of his last enlistment. He collects intertidaUy and also snorkels. He spe- cializes in cypraea and pectens and enjoys "grunge" mith a microscope. Martin Schuler, our nem treasurer, is a student at Mesa College in Kearny Mesa, majoring in Airport Administration mith flight dispatching as a special field. He began collecting five years ago and has a diving companion in Peter Wienold. Martin specializes in cones and in three years has built up a col- lection of 120 species. His first cone mas Conus textile, then C, qeographus and C. obscur us . He enjoys habitat discoveries mith snorkeling, (President, Bob Schoening and recording secretary, Blanche Bremer mere 'thumb- nailed' in Festivus of Feb, 1975 having been on the Board at that time also.Ed.) Follbming is a listing of the lorn tides in the northern Gulf of California for the year 1976, (Only dates mith tides of -Aft, and belom are given)) Times shomn are Mountain Standard Time, correct for Puerto Penasco but occurring about one hour earlier in the San Felipe area. Add 15-30 minutes to the calendar time for tide times at Bahia de Los Angeles. FEBRUARY 13 a -4 .0 ft at 7:00p.m 14 a -5 .2 ft at 7:30p,m JUNE 11 a -4.7ft at 6: 50 a.m. 15 a -6 .0^ 'ft at 8:00p,m 12 a -4.9ft at 8: 00 a.m. 16 a -4 .0 ft at 8:30a. m , and -5.5ft at 8:40p.m, 13 a -4,1ft at 9: 00 a.m. 17 a -4 .2 ft at 9:00a, m , and -4,1ft at 9:00p.m. 18 a -4 ,0 ft at 9:30a. m 9 JULY 11 a -4 ft at 8:00 a.m. MARCH 13 a -4,0 at 6:30p.m. AUGUST" none 14 a -5,0 at 7 : OOp ,m. SEPTEMBER 23 a -4 ft at 7:30 p.m,; 15 a -4.8 at 7:30a.m. and -5,9ft at 7:30p,m, 24 a -4.5ftt h 8:00p,m, 16 a -5,9 at 8:D0a.m, and -5,6ft at 8:00p.m. 25 a -4 ft. at 9:15p.m.' 17 a -6,0 at 8:30a.m. and -4.1ffe at 9:00p,m, 18 a -5.6 at 9 : 00a .m. OCTOBER 21 a -4ft. at 6:15 p .m. 19 a -4.0 at 9:30 a .m. 22 a -5.5 ft. at 7:UUp,m, 23 a -5,8 ft. at 8:00p.m. APRIL 12 a -4.0 at 6 : 00a.m. 24 a -5.0 ft. at 8:3Up,m, 13 a -5,0 at 7:00a.m. and -4.1 at 8:00p,m. 14 a -6,0 at 7:30a. rn, and “4,0 at 8:0Dp.m, NOVEMBER 20 a -5.9ft at 7:00p.m, 15 a -6,0 at 8 : 15a ,m. 21 a -6.0ft at 7:45p.m. 16 a -5.9 at 9 : 00a.m. 22 a -5.9ft at 8:00p.m, 17 a -4.0 at 9 :30a .m. 23 a -4.0ft at 9:00p.m, ^ MAY ■ 11 a -4ft , at 6:00a. m. DECEMBER 18 a -4.0ft at 6:00p.m, < 12 a -5ft at 6:45a. m. 19 a -4.8ft at 7:00p.m, ; 13 a -6ft at 7 : 10a .m. 20 a -5,9ft at 7;45p.m. 14 a -6ft at 7 : 50a .m. 21 a -5:.7ft at 8:00p.m. . 15 a -4.9 at 9:00a ,m. 22 a 4.0ft at 8:50p,m. 13 / WiLllAM !-!. DALU ' SECTiONAL LIBRARY niVjqiON OF LvO! i ! SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 CA5A DEL PRADO BALBOA PARK (Across from (Matural History Museum) MEETS THIRD THURSDAY —7:30 P.M., Room 104 President; Bob Schoening V/ice-President : Hugh Bradner Recording Secretary: Blanche Bremer Corresponding Secretary: John Smith Treasurer: Martin Schuler Editor; Carole Hertz Annual Dues: Single membership S3. 00; Family membership $4,00; Overseas surface S3. 50; Student membership S2.00. Payable to San *^iego Shell Club, Inc., c/o Martin Schuler, 5170 Baxter Street, San Diego, Ca. 92117. WEIL UII march 1976 NO. 3 * 5lc ♦ ♦ PROGRAM: Anthony D'Attilio mill speak on The Genus Typhis in Tertiary % Caribbean Faunal Province. His talk mill be illustrated mith * slides, * Date: March 18, 1976 Time: 7:30 PM Room: 101 J SAVE THE DATE: The Club Auction/Pot Luck mill be on Saturday, April 24 at * the home of Norm Currin (map next issue) and mill start at 6PM. * ** + + + **>*<**** + >tc + ****:f + + + + ******* + + *+ ** + ****** + *** + + * + + +* + =t=*^ + + **’t=* + **.(c>|c******* + FROM THE MINUTES Our speaker, James Otemart accompanied his talk on his mork in Antactica mith slides. (Article folloms) Minutes of the previous meeting mere read and approved.. The Treasurer reported a balance of S374.45, It mas decided that the Shell nuction/Pot Luck mill be held on April 24th at the home of Norm Oyrrin, Members mere urged to pet their shell donations ready. The Club mill continue its participation in The Greater Sqn Diego Science Fair mhich opens on April 21, We mill again offer the choice of books to the tuinning upper division entrant in the category of marine life chosen by our committee. The committee this year is Chairman Hugh Bradner, Anthony D'Attilio and Dave Mulliner , The Shell Raffle mas held as scheduled mith tickets selling at fifty cents. Norval Bremer volunteered to take charge of coffee. More members are needed on the telephone committee, Kay Taylor men the shell draming. NEUJ MEMBERS LEVyiNE, Morris and Anita KIRKPATRICK, June 139-62 Pershing Cres. 3050 Rue d* Orleans Apt 430 Jamaica, N.Y. 11435 San Oiego^ Ca. 92110 222-2369 IMPRESSIONS OF ANTARCTICA Mr, James Stewart, chief diving officer for Scripps Institute of Oceanography u!BS a member of a group that travelled to Antarctica in September 1975. Men and equipment left from Pt, Mugu, Calif, to Ross Island, Antarctica by way of Hawaii, Pago Psgo, Samoa and Christchurch, New Zealand on an undersea research project through the daylight period — the sun rises in September and sets in March. They landed in a white, white world where the ice cap is some 8,000 feet deep and the humidity is zero, A shelf of glacial ice stretches far out to sea and the land rises from sea level to 14,000 feet. Inland from the base are three volcanoes. Mt. Erebus, 13,000 feet high is an active volcano. There is usually a cloud above the vent but during their stay Erebus smoked for the first time — on record, that is. There are no inhabitants, no plants and no land animals. Survival on one's own is impossible. Everything to sustain life must be carried thste. The com- fortable mobile living quarters at Ross Island are miracles of modern technology. They came to this land to do underwater research. Before they could do it, they had to bore holes through the ice shelf. They accomplished this with a giant bit which was mounted on a truck. The water is 28°F and very, very clear. The divers, either in wet or dry suits, descend into the water by these holes, taking cameras and other equipment with them. As they come up through the hole, the top water is freezing and it's like swimming through a "Slurpy", They may encounter a seal who would like to use the hole also. The Uieddell seals are not to be feared but the leopard seals are killers. Killer whales are world wide hazards. The five species of penguins that live in this "deep freeze" land get all their food from the sea and exist in large colonies. The penguins hold their single egg on their feet in the deep folds of their underbodies and later the baby until it is fully clothed in its fat and feather-fur and able to cope. Other forms of life are giant sponges, like the huge oil jars of "Ali Baba", large enough to hold (and did) the body of a man, fragile anemones, delicate, small shells (4 species) and brittle starfish. Blanche Brewer HAliJAlIAN SHELLING by Billee Dilworth When my sister,, Twila Bratcher, was to be a- judge at the Hawaiian Shell Show, she invited me to join her. Our first stop was Coco Palms on the island of Kauai, Dur room had been planned for lovers of the sea. The tiled shower was designed by an artist who must have been a marine biologist. The ceramic tiles had been painted into a mural before being fired. The bottom of the shower showed shells with the animals extended as tiey would be on the ocean floor. A cleaner shrimp, club sea urchin and an abalone were among the pictures on the tiles, T^e sides of the shower depicted corals interspersed with animals and fish. Occasional schools of small fish glided by. Looking at the ceiling created the illusion of being deep in the ocean where, looking up one saw the undersides of a school of small shark. Several tiles were used to make a lion- fish whose body and fins extended out to form a soap holder. Our washbasin was a giant tridacna clam. The motif of the bedspread was sea shells. Readers of the Hawaiian Shell News will be acquainted with the "General Store" where Reg Gage and Jim McDowall have collected so many fabulous shells. They took us diving and shared their collecting area with us, a generous and gracious thing for Hawaiian divers to do, T|::fey have so many visitors and a limited, fragile area. Several of our Haw^ian diving friends use diving lines. They attach the 75-85ft. line by a brass swivel clasp to either the stern or bow anchor. A^ weight at the other end enables the diver to leave the line without losing it. The line floats, which keeps it from becoming entangled in coral, a perfect system to assure that the diver surfaces at the boat even in a current or murky water. 15 Most of our diving on Oahi^ uias at about 75 feet. As this trip was my first opportunity to use SCUBA in Hawaii, most everything I collected was a first for mef 5t rombus belli , Murex pele in several colors and Cypraea' qaskoinl. On our last dive I found a lovely, large, dark Cypraea tesselata . A friend took us !^:and dredging at Punuluu and we came back with many terebra species Twila wanted to study. Snorkel diving with a hand dredge is tiring. On our second location we used SCUBA, That was fun, I even dredged a dead Cypraea semiplota . Turning coral rubble was like a treasure hunt. You never knew what you night find,. bJe were not lucky enough to find a Cypraea ostergaardi at the "General Store" but dredging with Ellis Cross produced one. I kept hoping to find a Cypraea rashleighana but no such luck. Something to look foreward to on the next trip. On our initial dive I entered the water first, my diving bar in one hand, the goodie bag in the other and my new diving line under one arm. As I started down to attach my line to the bottom, my mask half-filled with water. I sur- faced to empty and adjust it. I hooked an arm around the anchor line and used both hands to lift off my mask. Too late I realized I had dropped my line. The water was clear and I watched the weight carrying it to the bottom 90 feet below. Ear pressure would not let me descend that rapidly. I did not take my eyes off the coil of white until it came to rest below. It looked like the many ihite spots were were small coral heads. The current was pulling the anchor ..ine to a different position and I was afraid I'd lose my line before ever using it. Twila's ears were clearing more quickly than mine. As she passed me I pointed to her line and then mine on the bottom, hoping that when she reach- ed the bottom she would retrieve it for me. Uhen she saw my line, she thought, "I must tell Billee thqt is not the way to do it." By the time I reached the bottom I didn't know for sure which white spot was the line, but headed in what I hoped was the ri^ht direction. Luckily I found it and started back to the an- chor line. When I met Twila I decided to save time and clipped my line onto hers. Looking under every piece of coral rubble near us we found mostly dead, crabbed shells covered with sea anemones, which we left. Imagine our chagrin when we discovered the goodies Jim and Reg were displaying were mostly crabbed, anemone shells. We really made a mistake since we did not have another dive in an area with so many similar shells. It was my first experience diving with Twila's decompression meter. It is a good gadget but when it indicated it was time to head for the surface and I still had 15DD pounds of air in my tank I wanted to throw the meter away. As you make a second dive you don't have as much time on the bottom unless you want to make a decompression dive — hanging on thenanchor line until the meter gets out of the red. ' ' — — CORRECTION In the last issue of the Festivus (.Mol, V/II, No. 2, P.8) in the article by C.M. Hertz, "Traveling and OoHecting in Fijiy the author mentioned collecting Cypraea obvelata Lamarck on Fiji, This should have been C, ennulus Linne, Cypraea obvelata was found in abundance on Huahine, Fr, Polynesia but not at all on FijjL, DUES ARE DUE! 1 DUES ARE DUE! ! DUES ARE DUE!! DUES ARE DUE!! DUES ARE DUE! 16 MINUTE SHELLS With this issue, the Festivus is starting uhat hopefully uill be a monthly feature^ It has long been recognized that some of the most beautiful marine shells are minute (less than, one-half inch). There are relatively feu amateur collectors of minute shells mainly because of the amount of time required for gathering and sorting grunge, the difficulties in obtaining species' identifir- cations and the problems in properly displaying the shells. It is hoped that^. by printing good photographs of minute shells uith accurate data, the interest in miniatures uill greatly increase. In many cases the identification of the shells uill be unknoun, and the naming of the shells or other comments from the readership uill be greatly appreciated and printed in future issues, Ttjere is a large supply of small species available at this time from grunge obtained in the Galapagos Islands, Antarctica, Mexico and the West coast of the USA. Our staff photographer, Oavid H, Mulliner, has heartily endorsed this monthly fea- ture, and belou appear pfrotographs taken by him of shells collected by the Arneripagos Expedition at Flamingo Cove, Floreana Island, Galapagos Islands on March 15-16, 1971 in grunge obtained in 6-12 feet of uater Nassarina (Steironepion ) melanosticta (Pilsbry & Loue, 1932) actual size: 4mm 17 ADWENTURE ON THE SAN BLAS ISLANDS By Dr, Frank King It was Faster Sunday afternoon and a stiff breeze had come up raising heavy swells that poured spray over us as we huddled in a big dugout canoe headed across open sea toward some tiny coral island over the horizon. Cur Cuna Indian guide's face was inscrutable as he hung on to the motor with one hand and used a big gourd to bail with the other. Only eight year old David was having fun. He sat in the bow with a mask and snorkle in place and acted as if he did this sort of thing every day. Ordinarily I would have been sea- sick, but I was too scared, ye had arrived earlier in the day on one of the northern islands in the San Bias chain off the Caribbean coast of Panama and received the usual tour of the villages on two of the 365 islands that stretched from just below Collon to the northern coast of Columbia. Here the Cuna Indians, driven from the mainland by Columbus and his gang, settled in the early 15D0's and have steadfastly main- tained their way of life to the present. Each day, light planes bring in a load of tourists who photograph the natives in their colorful costume, gold nose rings and elaborate gold jewelry — the depository for the family's wealth, A brisk trade in native crafts goes on, especially for the famous Molas — appliqued pa- nels of material used by the women to make blouses. After lunch, most of the visitors returned to Panama City, but it is possible to remain overnight in the local hotel. My family of four was the only remaining group that day. Lunch consisted of vegetables and fish from the area. The main dish was a 1 irge plate of 5t rombus puqilis. It seems that a class of scuba divers had been in the day before fosi their final exam and vast numbers of the shells had been collected. The divers kept the shells and the tourists got the animals. They weren't too bad. Our stomachs full but in an uncertain state of tranquility, the planes loaded and disappeared into the clouds, leaving us at the mercy of the savages. liJe were told we had free use of a boat and guide for the rest of the day. In pidgin Spanish, we explained that shell collecting was our game and please put us in the best spot, With this we headed nut to sea. After an hour, a speck appeared on the horizon and in another half hour we pulled up beside an old wrecked ship and onto a sheltered beach. The two acre- sized island was covered with coconut palms and a coral reef sloped away to the leeward side. On the windward side, rather heavy surf and high tide kept us high and dry. Through the leaky snorkle and mask the Indians gladly lent us, we were able to see and enjoy the very beautiful reef fish and coral formation one would expect, but mollusks were apparently all "out to lunch" as we found only one as yet unidentified Cymatium about two inches long under a huge boulder. The beach yielded a few old shells, but most of all we reaped a harvest of beauty and solitude not often experienced by modern man. Back in our cayuco, a 20 foot dugout with high side boards, we headed for another island on the horizon and as we rounded its tip twenty minutes later, our gLiide pointed over the side and said, "conches — conches." The water looked twenty feet deep and thg bottom was a pasture of eelgrass. It was getting late, the waves were still high and I remembered the leaky mask and promptly chickened out and motioned him to shore. Under the watchful eye of the resident indians of the palm-covered, sandy paradise, we quickly scoured the beaches and shallows where we picked up some recently dead Btrombus raninus, some old Livona pica and the most beautifully colored T ellina radiata I'd ever seen. The sun was low as we headed back to our home island and it was obvious that we would arrive after dark. Resigned to our doubtful fate, we found ourselves surfing along before eight foot swells reminiscent of the roller coaster at Belmont Park, la. Drenched and profoundly grateffil to Whatever Pouer had spared us, ue motored in to the dock near our hotel. After a dinner of what was, I believe, either iguana or alligator, we retired to our room on the seriond level of our thatched, bamboo hotel. Believe it or not, plumbing had been installed, but since there is no water on the island except that brought from mainland rivers by canoe, it was not 100% functional,. After a fitful night of worrying over the next day's flight our in all the rain we heard falling through the night, we were pleased to find the sun in a cloudless sky. The wind in the thatch had completely fooled us. Gratefully we ate a slice of canned ham for breakfast and were ready to go trading again when the morning group of tourists arrived. A loud siren sounds to announce the approach of the first little plane and the natives hang our their Molas and carvings for inspection and the pretty young women get into their finest apparel to pose for pictures at a standard 25^ per shot. High point of the morning was a vain attempt to buy a beautiful Chank shell from an Indian girl for fifteen cents while she held out to the end for a quarter, When we boarded our plane (and all the way home for that matter) I clutched a smelly but perfect Strombus giqas under my arm, our stomachs all full of lobster. travelers in Panama can arrange trips to the San Bias Islands through the hotel travel agencies. We arranged ours at the El Continental, It was called the Kibe Tour and it cost $35, OB each for Dot and me and about half that for Steven and David, aged six and eight. The night's room and board and the guide service only added $10,00 to the single day trip rate. The Cuna Indians are going modern. The little girls no longer get the gold nose ring and Spanish is the language used in schools rather than the traditional dialect. We hope we can get back before the whole culture is altered and would encourage anyone else who might be interested to do so. NOTICES The Shell Baffle is a new trial feature of our Club meetings. Twenty-five dollars wojuEh. of shells are purchased by a committee and brought to the meeting at which time tickets are sold for 50o5 apiece. After coffee break the "wheel of fortune" turns until all the displayed shells are "won". Part of the money ear- ned goes into a revolving fund to buy more shells for the next raffle and a percentage goes into the Club treasury. After a trial period, the membership will decide whether or not to make the raffle a permanent part of our meetings, — Come to the meeting — See if you like the raffle!,! The Club's annual Auction/Pot Luck will be at Norm Cyrrin's house on Saturday, Mpril 24 at 6:00P,M, Members' shell donations are needed to make this event a success, T^e moneys raised at the auction support most of the Club's endeavors for the year i,e, the Festivus, the library, donations, parties — and ! eep the membership dues low. It is hoped that each member will donate specimen i uality shells with complete data when possible. Bring you shell contribution o the March meeting or make arrgngements with a Board member for its pickup. As always, the Festivus is in need of articles. They need not be long and they need not be^ typed but they need to be submitted— more often and by more members Send our give your article to Carole Hertz — anytime soon. WILLIAM H. DALU SECTIONAL LIBRARY DIVISION OF K'OLLUSKS SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA PARK (Across from Natural History Museum) MEETS THIRD THURSDAY — 7;30 P.M., Room lOL. President; Bob Schoening Uice-President : Hugh Bradner Recording Secretary: Blanche Breuer Corresponding Secretary: John Smith Treasurer: Martin Schuler Editor: Carole Hertz Annual Dues: Single membership S3. DO; Family membership S^.DO; Overseas surface S3. 50; Student membership S2.00. Payable to San ^iego Shell Club, Inc., c/o Martin Schuler, 5170 Baxter Street, San Diego, Ca. 92117. UOL. \yii APRIL 1976 IT'S AUCTION TIME Saturday, April 24 at 6:00 PM at the home of Norm Currin (See map and instructions on last page.) NO. NO REGULAR MEETING THIS MONTH * * ♦ ♦ ★ * * ♦ ♦ FROM THE MINUTES Our regular meeting was held March 18 in Room 101 in the Casa del Prado. The program, a talk and slides by Anthony D'Attilio. His subject was " The Genus Typhis in the Tertiary Caribbean Faunal Province." (His talk will be printed in the May issue of the Festivus). Minutes of previous meeting read and approved. Ide were again reminded to make plantings for the plant sale by the Sgn Diego Botanical Foundation on May 29-30 in the Casa del Prado. It was announced that the Shell ouction will be held at Norman Currin's home on April 24th at St^OO P.M. Also, that very few shells had been received for the auction. Nola Michel volunteered to cook the ham to be bought by the Cl ub . Jules Hertz won the shell drawing.. Several items were offered in the raffle-very nice shells purchased from Don Pisor. A list was circulated for signup For food donations for the potluck dinner preceding the audtion. 20 MINUTE SHELLS By Jules Hertz We have heard from Dr, George Radwin that the small columbellid pictured in the March 1976 issue of the Festivus may have been misnamed. The slaell mas identified as Nassarina (St eironepion ) melanost icta (Pilsbry & Lome, 1932 but may in fact be Steironepion hancocki Hertlein & Strong, 1939. Absolute identi- fication mould require microscopic examination of the shell and comparison mith shells presently housed at the San Diego Museum of Natural History, Nassarina melanost icta has almost reticulate sculpture mhereas Steironepion hancocki has more prominent spiral sculpture. Nassarina melanost icta has dis- tinct bromn spots just on nodules formed by intersections of the axial and spiral sculpture. Steironepion hancocki has irregular patches of bromn betmeen cords and sometimes extending over cords. The S, hancocki mas named as a Pleistocene fossil mith Galapagos Islaiis as the type locality. Further study of the shell pictured in the March 1976 Festivus mill be re- ported at a later date. Hopefully, this mill be accompanied by magnifications of the sculptures of _N, melanosticta , _S, hancocki , and Nassarina (Steironepion ) t incta (Cappenter, 1864), The latter knomn previously as Manqelia fredbakeri Piiisbry, 1932 is another Panamic look-alike. There is some disagreement at pre- sent as to mhether Steironepion is a genus or subgenus. Pictured below are tmo more minute shells obtained in grunge brought back by the Ameripagos Expedition, The grunge mas collected in six to twelve feet of m?ter, Flamingo Gove, near Post Office Bay, Floreana Island, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, March 15-16, 1971. Photographs are by David Mulliner, Festivus staff photographer. Nassarius gallegosi Strong & Hertlein , 1937 size: 5mm (Powys, 1835) size: 3mm 21 TAHITI - "1975 - The Island of MAUPITI By Marge and Hugh Bradner Spending time on Maupiti mas the main objective for this yearns trip to Tahiti, Ue had visited the island overnight a couple of years ago. The little we saw of the reefs and the lagoon, the island and the people, made us want to return. All of our reservations had been made to meet infrequent plane schedules. After several days on Huahine, we flew to Raiatea to be on hand to catch the early flight to Maupiti, Ue left most of our luggage to be transferred to the Bali Hai-Moorea and carried with us a large fillet with our swim fins, snorkles, collecting bags, wet suits, face plates and dredge. One small suitcase was enough for our bathing suits, pareaus, suntan oil and toothbrushes, Ue hand car- ried a basket containing collecting bottles filled with alcohol. There were lots of people at the airstrip wearing colorful pareaus, cowrie- trimmed straw hats, flowers. Whole families were there to greet arriving rela- tives and friends or to say farewell to departing ones. We delighted in the color, excitement and music found only at an outer-island airstrip, Ue edged up to the desk to pick up our boarding passes, BUR NAMES WERE NOT BN THE PASSENGER LIST SENT FROM PAPEETE! This was impossible, Ue had reservations. They had been reconfirmed in Papeete, again on Huahine and just the night before with the Air Polynesia agent in Uteroa, Raiatea, But the plane was filled and seven Tahitians were waitlisted ahead of us. Pounding the table, raising voices, phoning Air Polynesia in Papeete and the Bali Hai on Moorea were to no avail. There was no space. My tears almost blinded me when the scheduled flight took off, but not enough to prevent me from seeing the Bali Hai manager's face light up, I followed his glance and saw a Cessna under a small thatched-rcof hangar at the edge of the air- strip. If we could use the plane and if we could find a pilot, we might yet get to Maupiti, More phone calls ... .these were all local ones, Charlie Higgins arrived and approved the use of the Aero Club Raiatea plane. A half hour later a pilot appeared, A young French-Ta.hitian also wanted to go so I sat up front as co- pilot. Life jackets and seat belts adjusted ON TO MAUPITI! Bora Bora was sparkling in the morning sun and the atoll of Tupai seemed a silver ring in the distant sea. Maupiti 's cloud cover opened up- precipitous cliff behind the village, verdant green summits, iridescent lagoon, palm-covered motus, encircling reef and treacherous pass — this is OUR island. It took only a few minutes to fly around the island - it takes almost two hours to walk around it. The volcanic peaks drop sharply to the shore with some valleys where cleared spots support local crops. Coconut palms hug the shore line and in some places ascend toward the summits, A sharply angled deep water pass is the only entrance to the lagoon from the open sea. Its dangers were apparent when viewed from the air - narrow with a sharp bend at the narrowest spot. Yachtsmen rarely visit Maupiti because a successful passage cannot be made unless ideal conditions of weather, tides, currents and wind exist. Even the trading schooner bringing in much needed supplies arrives infrequently. A local boat returning from Bora Bora a few years beack in heavy seas went onto the reef and more than forty lives were lost. Sections of land on the motus are cleared for Faupiti's only commercial crop - watermelons. Ue buzzed the town, flew low over the lagoon and landed on the airstrip built across the motu. The boat carrying the passengers from the commercial flight to the village a mile and a half sway was a hundred yards or so out in the lagoon., LJe expected they would return for us shortly. Our French^Tahit ian who was used to the ways of Polynesia went off into the coconut grove and came back shortly with husked, fresh coconuts for us. It was a beautiful day in the South Pacif^ic with gently trade winds and small lagoon waves gently lapping against the shore as we drank the effervescent water from a young coconut, Ue walked the length of the runway built out into the lagoon at one end and ending abruptly at the edge of the barrier reef at the other, LJe reveled in the complete isolation; ue got caught up with our diary notes; ue snoozed on the beach; uie waited . After a couple of hours ue realized that ue were stranded on the motu and no one uas coming for us,. Ue could wait until later afternoon when the pilot would return to his plane.... but it uas only a.m. Brad looked toward the island. Should he swim for it? Uearing swim fins and tucking his coral shoes into his swimming trunks for walking to the village after arrival, he took off, I watched his progress,. A mile and a half is a long distance when watching from sea level, Uhen he was well out over the deep channel, I couldn't distinguish between a splash from a swim fin and a white cap on the water. I was straining my eyes when I heard a yell from the Frenchman. He had sighted a lone fisherman in a canoe approaching the far end of the motu. The Frenchman dashed off to waylay him and negotiate a ride to the village. Success, The fisherman putt- putted over to where I was waiting and we loaded ourselves and our bags into the small boat. After a few false starts, the aged motor took hold and ue reached shore about the same time and place as Brad, Brad reported a beautiful but uneventful swim except for one section where the coral grew almost to the surface. He put his coral shoes on his hands, arched his back and carefully crawled and floated over the sharp antler coral a few inches below the surface, LiJe stacked our bags beside the road and started walking toward the village, LiJe asked the first person we met "Du est la maison d'Etera?" "La bas" pointing toward the village. Later we repeated the question and got the same answer, Uhen we arrived at the center of the village a charming Tahitian personally led us ' chez Etera ' . Ue walked through the hedge of hibiscus and ginger. The commercial pilot relaxing on the verandah looked startled uhen he saw us. "Nous cherchons Etera?" From the side of the house came a tall muscular Tahitian with skin like waxed bronze. Cries from the house "Merge and Brad, how did you get here?" From Brad, "I swam," From me, "I hitch-hiked," They greeted us with hugs and kisses and flower leis. They had gone -flo the motu to meet us wearing pareaus, bright smiles, flower leis over their arms and "laorana" on their lips. But. ..there were only Tahitians on the plane. They had returned to the island disappointed, and when they saw the small Cessna com- ing in for a landing thought it wtas dropping off supplies, never dreaming that it was carrying two Americans eager to become reacquainted with Maupiti, Ue had a magnificent lunch on the open verandah .. .poisson cru made with fresh coconut milk, large lobster from the reef, crisp hunks of french bread imported from Raiatea washed down with large bottles of Hinano. Etera was born and raised on Maupiti, His exitaiied family encompasses a good percentage of the population of the island and his family's land holdings include many of the most magnificent spots on the tiny island. Etera is the Air Polynesia agent on the island, and he also takes guests into his home which consists of two rooms with a small kitchen in the back and a wide verandah in front. The decorations were local crafts. Beautifully appliqued pillow covers called 'tifaifai' were on all the beds. Artistically mad vasgs of cowrie shells were filled with hibiscus and ginger. Unusual shell leis are made on Maupiti. Designs included butterflies, turtles, stars, manta rays and the best known - Maupiti's three medallions. Curtains, tablecloth, and drapes dividing a room were made of brightly colored pareau materials, bJe were anxious to start shelling. That first afternoon we hiked to the shallow bay beyond the village where a reef of soft coral reaches the surface a hundred yards from shore. Shelling was good;- Cypraea obvelata , C, caputser- pent is , monet a were there in abu[jdance, A certain chemical in the water causes some of the C, carneola to have a heavy slightly greenish callous on the dorsum, Ue found a few of my favorite little brown shell that we have called dwarf C, caput serpent is for lack of a better name. Other cypraea that are common but not abundant are lynx , vitellus , staphylaea and erosa. Rarely did we turn a rock without finding cypraea on the underside. 23 Darkness comes with the setting sun. The dinner table uas lighted by a single kerosene lamp. Only at the clinic is there a generator for electricity. liJe wanted to do some night shelling although this has never been our forte - remember the unnamed reef on Fiji! Bicycling along the rough road balancing a flashlight on the handlebar was difficult enough, but dodging dogs, and avoiding pedestrians made it slow going. However, it was magnificent, We heard and saw a dozen different groups, singing, dancing, playing guitars and practicing for the local 'Fete' competition which would take place the follbwing week. Groups were dancing in the middle of the road to the accompaniment of guitars and drums and illuminated by a single kerosene lamp. The open pool hall on the edge of the lagoon was filled with players. Rounding the end of the island the blackness was almost complete. The beams from our flashlights showed shadows on the deepest ruts; a glistening delineated the muddy patches; the downgrades were deceptive and an upgrade slowed us down, Ue left the bikes a few hundred yards from the shelling beach as the brush and plants on the path made cycling impossible. The stars were reflected in the calm water of the lagoon. Dozens of tiny fish darted into the beams from our lights as we made our way in ankle to knee deep water toward the reef. Etera was skeptical about the whole idea of night shelling until he was able to borrow a bright lantern from a friend returning from an evening of spear fishing. Then he joined us out in the shallow lagoon. The reef was exposed. The night was dark. But the cowrids must have seen us coming. Occasionally a small C, obvelata appeared but that was about all. Even turning rocks at night was not as productive as doing the same thing during the day. Some time, some place, some way we hope to find successful night shelling. The French government has work projects on all of the islands. On Maupiti it's building a road around the island, Uhy? I don'k know, A retired dentist has a car but he uses it only once a week to drive into town for his mail and besides he spends six months of the year in France, Raioro's truck broke down some time ago. However, bicycling is somewhat easier in those sections where the road is completed. La soupe de corail (dredging piles) is always an interesting shelling area. It is possible to get a good idea, and many good specimens of the shells of the lagoon. If we had not been concentrating only on cypraea, we could have filled our collecting bags in record time. There were several good coral heads from ten to thirty feet out in the lagoon. Brad went into the water and Miro, our hosts' faithful dog, followed him. Swimming and diving with a dog at your shoul- der is disconcerting. Brad dove and swam away underwater while Miro looked a- round in a 36B degree circle trying to find him. As soon as Brad surfaced, Miro headed for him, Ltlhen I went in, Miro was torn. Should he stick with Brad or should he take c^ire of me? He solved the situation by standing on a coral head under a few inches of water from which he could watch both of us. The shelling was good, ...the untouched coral heads were alive with fish and shells. As well as the usual cypraea, Brad found a large C, arabica. I dove down and hung on to a piece of coral to better look into a crecice, I didn't stay because a moray eel was looking right back at me, I headed for shore and was starting to climb out of the water when I felt something at my shoulder... Miro had come to make sure that I was all right, Miro is a remarkable dog. He would heel beautifully whether we ujere on bicycles or swimming. Even altercations with other dogs protecting their territory did not deter him from his watchful- ness for long, While we were shelling, Etera was canvassing the island for just the right couchon de lait (suckling pig) for our dinner. He was preparing a Tahitian feast. The Himaa (Tahitian fire pit for cooking) was lined with volcanic stones and a fire built to heat them to the proper temperature. The food was laid on top of banana leaves: cochon de lait; umara (potatoes - several varieties); maia puroini (baked bananas); and a sweet dessert, maia puroini poe. The whole thing was covered with banana leaves, burlap sacking and sand. Several hours later, steam- 2k ing ujith a mouthuatering aroma, the himaa uas uncovered. We ate the succulent pieces of meat and vegetables served on a banana leaf with our fingers accom- panied by punch a la Jeanne, A memorable three star meal in the Bradner's Guide to French Polynesia, Awakening sounds of Maupiti - during that period between sleep and complete wakefulness. Children singing, roosters crowing.,, chickens clucking, ukulele strumming, sawing, quiet voices, dogs barking, cats meowing, birds singing, earth- moving truck starting, a teacher's whistle, an outboard returning from a night of fishing on the reef, water slowly running into a bucket from a spigot on the road. By the time the sun is just above the horizon, the island is completely awake. One shell that we have found only on Maupiti is the pale blue _C. annulus obvelata it is like the Tahitian gold-ringer, but without the gold ring, bJe collected many of these, but learned that in a shallow pass between two motus, tbe color was a pale violet. We were anxious to add this one to our collection. We needed a boat. It was Sunday, The Protestants would not take us nor would they rent us their boat because "the boat was also Protestant," However, a Seventh Day Adventist neighbor, Ma iti, was available. We decided to make a picnic of the excursion, Etera cut some breadfruit from the front garden which we loaded onto the boat along with spear fishing equip- ment and all of our shelling gear and headed for the shallow pass, Etera took off right away to spear fish for lunch, Ma iti went off collecting sea urchins. We turned rocks. The first rock exposed a dozen of the pale violet C, obvelata , Each rock was covered on some the shells were almost on top of each other..., occasionally a C, carneola or a monet a or a caput serpent is , , . .but this was the concentrated home ground for the little shell we were searching. Our collecting gabs were filled; our backs were tired; we were hungry. The speared fish (apai, upao, tiers, maito) was being grilled on hot rocks, the poisson cru (uhu, tanifa, maito) was marinating, the vana (sea urchin roe) was cleaned and waiting. The charred breadfruit was cooked to perfection. Etera cut large rauere tafano (leaves) for plates. We had a delicious picnic off the land. With the afternoon ahead of us we cruised around the island of Maupiti, We could see a fire in one of the canyons where ground was being cleared for planting. A small black tipped shark skimmed by the boat, sea birds were cruising in the clear sky over the lagoon, long-legged heron relaxed in the shallow water near the shore. We stopped at a motu near the deep pass where the meloni (watermelons) were ripe and ate the sweet, juicy fruit while standing knee deep in the water. Shelling here was superb but not for cowries. Glives, miters, terebras, strombus etc, sere in abundance. Here we were sightseers. He followed trails, dove, collected and returned our finds to the sea. It was a beautiful final afternoon which included a brief tropical squall on the return to the village. Mffljpiti is unspoiled by the influx of the outside world..., I hope it can remain that way for a while longer. But the people are poor, the cost of staples (rice, bread, meat) is high. The desire for a higher standard of living is in- creasing, Time will change Maupiti but it will always be somewhat isolated and perhaps it will be able to remain a little bit of Paradise in the Pacific. Interesting patterns of Radsiella petaloides (^ould, 1846), Synonym- Ischnochiton mariposa Dali, 1919. From Conception Bav, Baja CaiJ^f., Mexico. March, 1974. Photo and Collector - Barbara W, Myers 25. THE / W!Ll^A^^’ H, DALL ^ \ IBRARY SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 C ■,5A DEL PR,4D0 BALBOA PARK (Across from (Matural History Museum) MEETS THIRD THURSDAY —7:30 P.M., ROOM 101, President: Bob Schoening V/ice-President : Hugh Bradner Recording Secretary: Blanche Breuer Corresponding Secretary; John Smith Editor: Carole M, Hertz AIMfMUAL DUES: Single membership |3,00; Family membership |4;D0; Overseas surface S3. 50; Student membership S2.00, Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc,, c/o Martin Schuler, 5170 Baxter Street, San Diego, Ca, 92117, Uol. UII May 1976 No , 5 ♦ * ♦ * 4: ♦ PROGRAM: ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ * ♦ * * 4) Dr, James McLean of the Los Angeles County Museum will give an illustrated talk on collecting in Chile. Michael Jay, the Shell Club’s winner in the 1976 San Diego Science* Fair will give a brief summary of his project, "Testing for Red Tide Organism in San Diego Bay" and will be presented his award, DATE: May 20, 1976 TIME: 7:30 P.M. ROOM: 10^. THE AUCTION REUIEliiED The Shell Auction, held this year in the home of Norm Currin, was our most successful ever — financially that is, ^nd that’s what it’s all about, of course. Many beautiful shells were donated by our members and ably auction- ed by Bob Schoening and Norm who spelled each other as auct ioneers--a very dry- throated business. But luckily relief was at hand — the punch was still in supply, Ue had our usual delicious pot-luck dinner preceding the auction and that was preceded by Dave Mulliner’s punch bowl. There was a large turnout for the event and many members not seen for some time were present. Most welcome was the presence of George and Virginia Hanselman. Virginia had had serious heart surgery months before followed by a slow recovery. It was a happy occasion for this reason. The grand total of sales was S8B0, --giving us a very healthy bank balance. McPEAK, Ronald H, 10370 Limetree Laoe Spring Valley, Ca, 92077 469-B964 ADDITIONS TO THE ROSTER SEAY, Jim & Eunice 3290 San Carlos Dr, Spring Valley, Ca, 92077 466-8994 SMITH, John 4060 Huerfano San Diego, Ca, 92117 270-8298 THOMAS, The family The Shell Shop 590 Embarcadero Morro Bay, Ca, 93442 CH;\NGE OF ADDRESS FERNANDES, Francisco C.P, Numero 1038, Luanda Republica Popular de Angola MIIMUTE SHELLS by Jules Hertz In previous months me have featured minute shells brought back by the Ameripagos Expedition in grunge collected in six to tuelge feet of mater, at Flamingo Love, near Post Office Bay, Floreana Island, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, March 15-16, 1971, The shells pictured belom are from the same grunge, part of the Mulliner collection,. The shells have yet to be identified, and any information regarding the names of the species mill be gratefully acknomledged and noted in future issues. Both are tentatively identified as belonging to the i^enus Ddostomia Fleming, 1Q13 mhich belong in the Family Pyramidellidae Gray, 1840, Photographs are by Dave Mulliner. f" Ddostomia ? , 5 mm. Ddostomia ?, 5 mm. AOUARIUM OBSERUATIDNS Bv' Barbara Myers Mermit crabs are very active, busy crustaceans and not only fun to match in an aquarium but help to keep it clean, eating mueh of the leftover scraps and debris. The boldest, busiest and most fearless of all occupied a Tegula aureot incta (Foroes, 1852) shell. His legs and clams mere longer and thinner and all visible parts appeared to be black as distinguished from the bromn hairy look of the others. He never seemed to rest and each day I looked in I mould see him briskly hustling around; nothing seemed to stop him from getting first to the food, Homever, the morning came mhen I looked in, dismayed to find his regular Tegula shell empty and a large Helletia kelletii (Forbes, 1852) moving over the top of the shell--mell, I thought, survival of the biggest not the fleetest. Off to one side, but only a short distance amay mas a small Dlivella biplicata (Somerby, 1825) shell and squeezed inside mith all his black appendages hanging out, looking ridiculously oversized for his tiny home mas our frisky little crab. He must have grabbed the first vacant shell he could find, homever unsuitable, mhen chased from his home by the threatening helletia. The funny part mas that he hung around until the helletia moved onf , about half an hour and then reoccupied the Tegula shell, and blithely resumed his energetic promling to see mhat he had missed. m (— 1 CD 27 RECENT ^IMD FOESIL TYPHIIMAE OF THE NEW WORLD BY ANTHONY D'ATTILID (as presented to bJSM-AMU June 1975) There are 53 nominal species of Recent and fossil Typhinae in the New World; of these 33 are extinct and 20 are living at the present time. A comparison of the present distri- bution of the Recent species on the tuio sides of the Panama land bridge reveals nine Caribbean species and eleven Panamic ones. One of the nine Caribbean species is undescribed and is ^ press at present. In any case, the number of species of the Panamic region exceeds the number of Caribbean species, as tuo species included in the nine known Caribbean species, T yphinellus souerbyll and Typhina cleryi , Iso are found in^The eastern Atlantic, > souerbyil also occurs in the Mediterran- anT Thus , only seven typhine species are strictly limited to the Caribbean faunal province of the western Atlantic, now known in the literature. As in other groups of mollusks, several Recent species-pairs of cognates can be identified on both sides of the Panamic land bridge. These are: 1) (W.A.) Tripterotyphis triangularis - (E.P.) Tripterotyphis lowei 2) (W.A.) Pt erotyphis pinnatus - (E.P.) Pterotyphis f imbriatus 3) (W.A.) Talityphis sp, (Southern Caribbean representative in present) - (E.P.) Talityphis l^;y^g£nn^ J A' g, r I A A : \ .i/ V \ iililiiAiili® ‘■^1 r- - I- l\'-rtkry i'adl>l>rau fu«nu! Left: Tripterotyphis triangularis Right: Tripterotyphis lowei Left: Pterotyphis pinnatus Right: Pterotyphis f imbri atus 28 Right (both photos); T alltyphis sp. Left (both photos): Talityphls latipennis Hdditional congnate-like resemblsnces are apparent in one or more instances between Recent species in the eastern Pacific and extinct western /Atlantic species. Several other observations may be made on the l\leu World which are, I believe, of interest* Only two of the known fossil species occur in a presently non- tropical region, the Californian T alityphis lampada Keen and Laevityphis antiguus Gabb* The remaining 31 extinct species all have been found in tropical formations of the Tertiary Caribbean Faunal Province, as defined by Woodring (1966), However, Dr. Keen in personal communication stated that the Tertiary Caribbean Province extended up into Baja California and the lower portion of California up to the Los Angeles City area proper. In other words, no known extinct typhine species are strictly Panamic in distribution, Although there is some controversy as to the precise date of closure of the Atlantic-Pacific seaways, many workers (including Uloodring, 1966) seem to think that it could not have happened before the late Pliocene or early Pleistocene (2-3 million years ago). This observation is noteworthy in that there are three genera represented in the Panamic Province of today that are not, to my knowledge, represented in this Tertiary Caribbean Province, This can be accounted for if we imagine that the bridge separating the two oceans arose over millions of years as a series of islands or island groups and the last opening was closed during the Plio-Pleistocene . During this period when the openings still were there, isolated arbas were able to sustain evolving new species or genera that in time were strictly Panamic in distribution. These genera, all monotypic and Panamic are Typhisopsis (T, coronatus ) , Haustellotyphis (H. cumingi ) and Cincl idotyphis (C, myrae) . another genus apparently in the cra- te go ry’~rs^i_sti_chFtyjghTs~T2^^ abyssal habitat, and its morphology. Drawing and photos of coronatus 29 I suggests that it should not be compared with other typhines* It shoultf be evident from the foregoing that the study of evolution is possible only if uie consider the fossil record, A knouledge like this permits us to make assumptions on not only the zoogeography of the Recent species but upon their ancestors thus permitting us to understand a little of their phyllogeny in time, lineagesB, and possible evolutionary grasp of what their probable non- typhine ancestors uiere like. ij Fossil Species Grouped as jhina acut icDsta Conrad-Miocene dentatus Johnson -Eocene harrisi Olsson - Miocene !i mississipiensis Gertman-Uligocene I palmerae Gertman-Eocene ^iphonif era Dali -Miocene i ualtonensis Mansf ield-Miocene jityphus alatus Souerby - Miocene carmenae Gertman- Miocene lampada Keen - Miocene of Calif, i obejlJS Gabb - Miocene ij olssoni Keen - Pliocene |! precursor Keen & Campbell- Miocene I pterinus Gardner - Miocene ' siphon Woodring - Miocene ilffityphis antij^jus Gabb-Eocene of Calif. costaricensis Dlsson-Miocene lj curviro stratus Conrad-Eocene li gracilis Conrad - Eocene i; linqul if erus Dali - Miocene thagus Olsson - Eocene ; schenki Keen & Campbell-Miocene [ saukins Mansfield - Miocene chipolanus Gertman - Miocene I f loridanus Doll - Pliocene 1 carolinensis Olsson & Pet it-Neogene ihonochelus cercadifcus Maury - Miocene to Genus Pterot yphis calhounensis Gertman - Miocene Pilsbrytyphis dariensis Gertman - Miocene gabbi Broun & Pilsbry-Miocene uoodringi Gertman- Miocene Tripterotyphis vokesae Gertman - Miocene Ruqotyphis keenae Gertman - Miocene Pilsbrytyphis gabbi *IMote:. Except for T alityphis lampada and antiquus all other fossils are Caribbean T ertiary . Recent: Generic assignment of species: Panamic: 11 species T yphisopsis coronat us tlra'd. Range; Panamic only Typhisala clarki Keen & Campbell grandis A. Adams T alityphis latipennis Dali Haustellotyphis cumingii Brod, Pterotyphis f imbria tus A. Adams T riptetotyphis louei Pilsbry f ayae Keen & Campbell arcana DuShane Cinclidotyphis myrae DuShane Dlstic^10typhis vemae Keen & Campbell Four genera endemic to Panamic region uith no fossil record are Typhisopsis , Typhisala, Cinclidotyphis , Distichotyphis . 30 Recent:: Generic assignment of species; LUestern Atlantic -Caribbean: 9specie3 Laev/ityphis bullisl Gertman T alityphis expanses Souerby (and s new T* species to be describecT in the forthcoming Mur»» book by Radwin & D'Attillo) T rubatsa longiccrnis Dali - tityrus Bayer Pterotyphis pinnatus Brod, > T ripterotyphis triangularis A. Ads. Typhinellus cleryl Petit (range to western Africa) sofaiBrbyii Brod, (range to Mediterranean and UJ. Africa) Genera extant on both sides of the Panamic Land Bridge T ripterotyphis 1 Atlantic, 3 Panamic T alityphis 2 Mtlanti?, 1 Panamic Pterotyphis 1 '-'tlantic, 1 Panamic Genera only on Atlantic side-none Panamic T rubatsa 2 Typhinellus 2 Laevityphis 1 Drawings by Anthony D'Attilio Photography by ©avs Mulliner Genera only on Panamic side Typhisopsis 1 T yphisala 2 Haustellotyphis 1 Cinclidotyphis 1 Djst ichotyphis 1 NOTICE The Botanical Foundation Plant Sale will be held the 29th and 30th of May at the Casa Del Prado* Each member of every club affiliated uitfr the Foundation i» asked to donate a "flourishing" plant to this sale* If you haven’t already done so, now is the time to get your donation ready. Time and Place for bringing in your plants will be announced at the meeting. 31 WiLLlAM H. DALL SECTIONAL LIBRARY j* ’ni i ! ici/c THE 401 F418 AIMIMUAL DUES; Uol* \J11 * PROGRAM^ * * * * * 4> SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 C -.SA DEL PR,-\DU BALBOA PARK (Across from IMatural History Museum) MEETS THIRD THURSDAY —7:30 P.M., ROOM 101. President: Bob Schoening V/ice-President : Hugh Bradner Recording Secretary: Blanche Breuer Corresponding Secretary: John Smith Editor: Carole M, Hertz Single membership ^3,00; Family membership S4:0D; Overseas surface $3,50; Student membership $2,00, Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc,, c/o Martin Schuler, 5170 Baxter Street, San Diego, Ca. 92117, June 1976 IMo, 6 ♦ June King uill give an illustrated talk entitled, Vietnam • Experiences, • Dave Mulliner will show the slides from the Auction/Pot Luck, * DATEr June 17, 1976 TIME: 7:30 P,M, ROOM: 101 * FROM THE MIMUTES Blanclte Brewer For the past several years the San Diego Shell Club has made an award in the annual Science Fair to a winner with a science project related to marine life. This year's winner was Michael Bay, a student in Crawford High School, He read a summary of his project at our May meeting in Casa Del Prado, Our award to Michael was a copy of BETUIEEIM PACIFIC TIDES by Ricketts & Calvin, ( A summary of Michael's project is printed in this issue). Dr, James McLean of the Los Angeles County Museum was our speaker for the evening,. — his subject "Collecting in Chile," He was a merabcr of a group that spent two months collecting on the forbidding, 2,000 mile shoreline of Chile all the way to Tierra del Fuego, It is a land changing from the barren deso- lation of the Atacama desert to the green, southern section clothed in clouds laden with mist or rain or snow — or all three! The marine specimens examined and collected are abundant with little threat of a lessening population — this in spite of the fact that food from the sea is the main diet of the people. The slides shown portrayed a land having the same characteristics as those of comparable northern latitudes. Still, nowhere on the North American shore- line do we have a counterpart of the bleakness of Atacama, Dr, McLean's slides and talk were not limited to marine life (though the slides of marine inverte- brates in their habitats were outstanding). He gave us glimpses of the plant- life, the people as well as the surroundings and customs of the land of Chile, Dr, McLean is writing a paper on this expedition. Another trip by this group is ahead to check on marked areas. A short business meeting and the shell raffle followed the program. The treasurer reported $520,40 in our account. A report was made on the plant sale to be held May 29 and 30 at the Casa Del Pr»do, Jules Hertz won the shell drawing. 32 RECENTLY NAMED CYPRAEA BY PHILLIP li). CLOUER Since Dr, Burgess published his LIVING COLdRIES in 1970, many new species of Cypraea have been named, Bedause there was four year delay in its pub- lication, the last photographs of new species in his book were named about 1966, Recently a new book, COURIES, by Taylor and liJalls has illustrated many of these. The article below will attempt to cover all the species named since 1966 with information on when and where ion on their validity. ANGELICAE Clover, 1974: from West Africa, size 19-30mm, mostly trawled 40- BO meters off Gulf of Guinea, It is similar in size to petitiana, Cross. Published in Journal of Conch, Vol. 28-4 London, England. BERNARDI G, Richard, 1974: from Tahiti, Fr. Polynesia, size 12mm, found by divers in coral reefs. Looks somewhat like cuminqii Sow. in color pattern only. Published in Bull, de la Societe des Etudes Qceaniennes, Paris, France, CRUICKSHANKI Hilburn, 1972: from Durban, S, Africa, size 20-33mm, trawled from 400-600 meters, A most un- usual bulbous species that is not at all typical of most Cypraea. Has been illustrated in Hawaiian Shell News ;5^169-6 and was publish- ed in Durban Museum Novitates Vol, 9-14-P209-16, EUGENIAE Cate, 1975: from Albany, S.Ul. Australia on beach and from sand dredgings, size 20-35mm, This is a semifossil xanthodon Sow, in my opinion and not a new species at all. Published in Veliger Vol. 17 -3-P260, Calif. U.S.A. FERNANDOI C.N, Cate, 1969: from Zamboanga, Philippines, size 20-30mm. From low tide to several meters deep on coral reefs. Closely related to rabaulensis Sch. Published in the Ueliger Uol. 11-3-P256, ' ‘ Berkeley, Calif 1, U.S.A. FISCHERI A5TARYI Sch, & Sch,, 1971: from Marquesas Is, size 12-14mm, This new subspecies is also similar to cumingii Sow. In fact f ischeri Uay, was thought until recently to be a synonym of cumingii Sow, See H.S.N. ^87 & 135. Described in Arch, Moll, 101: 297-299, Frank- fort, Germany, Cypraea angelicae Clover, 1974 Cypraea bernardi G, Richard, 197i» Cypraea cruickshanki Hilburn, 1972 Cypraea eugeniae Cate,. 1975 33 GLDRIDSA Shikama, 1971r from Taiwan trawlers that may have found it off South Africa. Considered a form of qondwanalandensis Burgess that is a new name for similis Gri^. See H.S.N. #165-1, Published in Science report of Yokosuka City Museum, Japan* HADDIMIGHTAE TrenbertTi, 1973:: from Albany, SJilL Australia, size 25-35mm* A controversial new spedies close to cribraria Linne, but I think distinct. See H*S*(\I. #174 & 183* De- scribed in S, Australian Museum Pub* #17, HARTSMITHI Schilder, 1967: from Sydney Harbor, N.S.lil., Australia, size 25mm, An- other controversial species. Cate compares his eugeniae to it while H.S.N, had articles on it in #93 & IDl and relate it to a Noto- cypraea bicolor Gas, which equals piperita Gray and that is just what it is in my opinion,. Described in Arch, Mollusk Wol, 96-P39-41, Frankfort, Germany. JEANIANA C.N. Cate, 1968; from LJest Australia, size 55-95mm, mostly trawled but found by divers also. Described as a subspecies of f riendii Gray* But I have seen so many specimens now that I Cypraea f ernandoi C.N, Cate, 1975 Cypraea jeaniana C.N, Cate, 1968 firmly believe this is a separate and valid species. Furthermore, many of the orange/white patterned specimens called "contraria” coming from Taiwan trawlers could also be this species. As many new areas are being waked now by these trawlers, specimens with wide ranging color patterns are being found just as have been found in the more shallow water friendii and thersites. Described in the Weliger \/ol. 10-3, P222* JtWCftE Clover, 197P: from Taiwan, size 5O-50mm, only trawled in deep water, may be related to the small, unique, Philippine porteri Cate, Joycae is illustrated in H.S.N, #139 & 148 but not in the new COWRIES book by Taylor & Walls* The shell they illustrate on p*261 is a juvenile, West Australian Zoila species. Described in the Uenus Uol,29-2-P,35, Tokyo, Japan. JU-HUI Shikama, 1974: from Taiwan trawlers and again possibly found off S.E, Africa, size 30mm. Appears to be Cypraea cruickshanki Kilburn, 1972, Published in Science report of Yokosuka City Museum, Japan, KINGAE Rehder & Wilson, 1975: from Pitcairn Is. S.E. Pacific, size 14-19mm, trawled 70-140 meters, Similar in size and color to gaskoini Rve., but not related* Rehder compares his species to the new bernardi Rich, Described in Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology #203-P2-6. 34 LI5ETAE Hilburn, 1975: from Southern Mocambique, E. Africa, size 12-13mm, Known from two spe- cimens only, so far, ex-pisces in 25 meters. Similar to midwayensis A.&K, Described in Durban Museum Novitates Uol, 10 16, P.217-20. MARICDLA Cate, 1976: from Marinduque Is. Philippines, size 14mm. Compared to globulus Linne by the author and is very close in deed except in teeth arrange- ment. Described in the \7eliger l/ol, 18-4 P-383 Berkeley, Ca. U.S.A. MIDiiJAYEIMSIS Azuma & Kurohara, 1967: from trawling in deep water near Taiwan. l\lot from 460 meters off Midway Is. as in original description. This is one of the problems in dealing with trawlers. Size 20-22mm, the new lisetae Kilburn is very similar. Described in the V/enus Uol. 26-1 PI Tokyo, Japan. MIYOKDAE Habe & Kosuge, 1970 ? from * ' Taiwan trawlers possibly off Thailand, size 39mm, Appears to be a slightly juvenile lamarckii redimita Mel., but more purple in color. This species was ready to publish . in the Uenus and was mentioned in the Pacific Shell IMews ^/2, but I cannot find out if it was ever described and would make it a (MDMEIM MUDUM. PERLAE Lopez & Chiang 1975: from Onslow^ N.IjJ. Australia, size 42-50 mm. One of the more interesting Zoilas being trawled off UJest Australia by Taiwan fishermen. It is similar to decipiens Smith except in color pattern. There are several new shells from this area called "contrari that could be new to science or may be odd color forms of jeaniana. Most of these shells come up in nets of the large Taiwan trawling ships from 150- 300 meters, Perlae wbs describ- ed in the Ueliger Uol, 18-1 P-84&5, Berkeley, Ca.^U.S.A. Cypraea joycae Clover, 1970 Cypraea lisetae Kilburn, 1975 Cypraea midwayensis Azuma & Kurohara, 1967 35 QUEENSLAND ICA Schilder, 1966: from Cape Moreton, Qld., Australia, size 57mm, Burgess mentions it in hia book and I agree it is a pyriformed hirasei Roberts,. See H.S.N, #86-4 and most recei t Australian shell books illustrate it. Described in Arch, Moll» Vol, 95; P157, Frankfurt, Germany, SAKURAII Hab^ 1970: from S.UJ, of Taiujan, size 40-60mm. This species is close to hirasei Rob, but has more coarse and in the adult shell develops a pattern quite unlike hirasei . Bee H.S.N, 130-8, Described in Bull, of Japan, Wol, 24-10, Tokyo, Japan, STEINERI C.N,- Cate, 1969: from Russell Is.j Guadalcanal, size 22mm, This unique specimen appears to be a bulbous form of coxeni Cox and is not a valid species in my opinion. Described in the Ueliger, Vol, 11-3, P.257, Berkeley, Ca, U.5.A, STDHLERI Cate & Schilder, 1968: from Siasi, Sulu Sea, Philippines, size 15mm, Also unique and likely to remain so as it appears to be just a large, odd form of contaminata Sow, which also has its center of distribution in the Sulu Sea, Described in the Ueliger, Uol. 10-4, P. 382, Berkeley, Ca, U.S.A, Note^ Photograpfe are by Phillip U, Clover, Cypraea stohleri Cate & Schilder, 1968 BOOK NOTES BY BARBARA MYERS WHAT SHELL IS THAT? by Neville Coleman. Published by Paul Bamlyn Pty. Limited of Nev; South hales, Australia. 1975. 308 pages. More than 800 glowing color photographs portray a wide variety of the Australian Mollusca including not only Gastropoda, but also a sprinkling of Pelecypoda, Cephalopoda, Amphineura and Scaphopoda. Picturing 750 different species, highlights show living animals of the always spectacular Cypraeidae and Volutidae, especially exquisite nudibranchs and many exciting shots of mollusks in their natural habitat. A knowledgeable book, despite its insipid title, written and photographed by an Australian scuba diisrer, it contains many helpful collecting hints and information pertaining to the feeding habits, breeding, predators, size, range etc. of each species. Describing the different marine environments of Australia i. e. mangrove swamp, rocky reef, coral reef etc. he groups the various species by habitat making the book an easy and valuable tool for the field collector. Its value as a reference work is limited because as the author points out in his Introduction, he is not a professional Conchologist and does not attempt to straighten out the complex problems of the Australian Molluscan nomenclature. Further, there is little or no shell descriptive information and many of the pictures do not show enough detail to be useful in identification. Most confusing for me is the alphabetical arrangement of the Families with nudibranchs, octopuses and bivalves popping up all over to add to the general muddle. The index is brief and difficult to use and the bibliography is even shorter. However, the superb photography, the aids to the field collector and the very specialized natural history information make the book a splendid addition to our library. MINUTE SHELLS BY JULES HERTZ During May we received a letter from Roy Poorman concerning one of the unnamed species figured in the May issue of The Festivus, The letter read, "Ue just returned from Bahia de Los Angeles to receive the Festivus, The brief articles were very interesting for my wife, Forrest, and me. tile sug- gest that the two shells figured with your paragraph are juvenile Rissoina. Perhaps you should compare the shells with fig, 12, plate 1,. of the refer- ence given below," The reference was Baker, Hanna and Strong, Some Rissoid Mollusca from the Gulf of California, Proc. Cal, Acad, Sc,, Fourth ^ei;, Uol, XIX, Nos, 4, pp 23-44, plate 1, Following Roy Poorman 's suggestion, I investigated the referenced figure and found it resembled the axially ribbed specimen shown in the May issue. The name of the referenced shell is Rissoina qisna basiliratg; Baker, Hanna and Strong, 1930, The following description was given, "The form closely resembles Rissoina qisna Bartsch, It seems to be immature, showing one less whorl than the type and a thin outer lip, but has the aper- ture and base of the columella as noted by Bartsch, about the same number and arrangement of axial ribs, but lacks the spiral sculpture everywhere except on the base where there are about 25 basal cords instead of 11, Bartsch's figure shows decided weakening of the spiral sculpture above the periphery, but it is everywhere present except on the nuclear whorls. The variation is sufficiently marked to indicate a probable distinct race," The specimen figured in the May issue of The Festivus was examined in light of the above description. It has the thin outer lip and the basal sculpture agrees with the description. Unfortunately, the picture in The Festivus fails to show the spiral sculpture due to the high magnification. Thanks to the Poormans, it appears that we have obtained an accurate identi- fication. Pictured this month are four species from the Family Marqinellidae. The shells are from the Mulliner collection and were brought back by the Ameripagos Expedition in grunge collected in six to twelve feet of water, at Flamingo Cove, near Post Office Bay, Floreana Island, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, March 15-16, 1971, Photographs are by Festivus photographer, Dave Mulliner, We are grateful to Bert Draper for the identifications. Probably Cystiscus politulus (Dali 1919) or unnamed species, 3 mm. Granula minor (C.B. Adams, 1852), 2 to 3 mm. 37 Granulina marqaritula (Carpenter, 1857) 2 to 3 mm. TESTING FDR RED TIDE IN SAN DIEGD BAY By Michael Jay (Uinner of the Shell Club Science Fair Award) As many of you know, one is not supposed to eat mussels during the summer months. But not everyone knows the reason. During the summer months there is frequently a Red Tide condition. Red Tide occurs when the amount of nu- trients in the water produces a perfect environment for the growth of the toxic dinof lagellate, Gonyaulax catenella. This is not to say that all Red Tide is composed of Gonyaulax catenella but it is the dinof lagellate in our seashore bivalves that causes paralytic shellfish poisoning. Testing for this Red Tide in our local waters and developing a way of measuring it quantitative- ly can b-B and is a very important project. In my project I concerned myself with the preliminary steps towards the development of a method to test quan- titatively for paralytic shellfish poison. My project was entitled, "Testing for Red! Tide in San Diego Bay", I be- gan by questioning the actual validity of my experimentation methods, which were to be based on the fact that the Red Tide organism, Gonyaulax catenella, gives off a neurotoxin. This neurotoxin, as do other neurotoxins, decreases or prevents the response of a muscle to electrical or any other stimulation. Therefore, if a drop of neurotoxin were to be placed on a frog muscle which would be electrically stimulated, its reaction should be greatly decreased. The experiments I ran recently questioned the effect, if any, of the medium which I would be using to test for Gonyaulax, The seashore mussel, Mytilus californicus, was the shellfish I decided to use as the medium to test for Red Tide intensity, I tested for any reaction on the part of the frog mus- cle to an extract. of each of its organs. The specimens for the experiment were collected during September and either used then or frozen for later use. The parts I dissected from the mus- sel were the liver, gills, digestive system, foot, lip, adductor muscles and other organs, Eatracts of these were used in both preliminary experiments. The first experiment was done to determine if the frog muscle would react to the different organs of the mussel. This was done by giving the frog muscle one control shock of 8,5 volts and then applying a drop of mussel extract to it, •fter application any reaction to the extract could be compared to that of the control shock by recording it on a Kymograph drum. My results showed no reaction at all to the mussel tissue and from that ^ I concluded that mussel tissue does not cause frog muscle contraction. The second experiment dealt with determining the effect, if any, that mussel extract had on changing the reaction of frog muscle to one caused by electrical stimulation, Ttiis was done by giving the frog muscle a control | shock of 8».5 volts and placing a drop of mussel extract on the muscle, A I second shock was then given of 8,5 volts. The two reactions were compared i by means of a ”T" test, I The results of the "T” teat was a score of 99, which meant that any dif- , ference between the control shock and the test shock was caused 99% by chance. This led: me ti the conclusion that the t issue of Mytilus californicus does not affect frog muscle reaction to electrical stimulation, I am planning to run more experiments to help me in my research. One ! of these is a laboratory study of the absorption of Gonyaulax catenella into the different organs of the mussel in order to determine the amount of, or intensity of, a Red Tide by the concentration of its neurotoxin in the different parts of the mussels Another experiment is that of determining whether the neurotoxin's effect is inversely proportional to the decrease of muscle con- traction^ All of this may sound just fine but you may be asking yourselves, ”Uhy bother?" These preliminary experiments have been a step towards solving the original problem: "Testing for Red Tide in San Diego Bay." My work has shown me that Mytilus californicus is a suitable medium for this purpose. The final result will be the development of a simple method of testing for toxicity in bivalves and therefore will help prevent deaths due to toxin poisoning. An- other factor that can be studied is that of mapping the movement of Red Tide or other micro- organisms that produce neurotoxins in the ocean, ♦Michael is awaitiray news of a research grant for the third part of his project,! 1- The theme has been chosen for our September party — Fantasy Under the Seal Come as a denizen of the underwater world. The Club has tentatively settled on the 17th of September — pending donation of a location. If you will volun- teer your yard for this party, please notify a Board member, 2- The Festivus needs a file cabinet for storing back issues. If you know of a large , used file cabinet, please notify Carole Hertz, 277-6259, 3- The Club is interested in receiving members suggestions for new library books. The library cabinet will soon be repaired and space for storage of infrequently used books will be available in the storeroom -(books available on request). Space will then be ample for additional books, (See Book Notes) NOTICES CHANGES OF ADDRESS Rev, Geo, R, Brosius International Lutheran Church e-43-Hannam-Dong ' Yongsan-Hu Seoul, Horea Ronald Short, Jr. 1C16 Guatay Ave, Chula ^ista, Ca, 92D11 TOO LATE FOR THE ROSTER Mrs, E,E. Hoffman P.O, 6G3 Coronado, Ca. 92118 401 4 1 8 THE / WlLliAIV! H. DALU SECTIONAL LIBRARY DfVfSiON OF fv;OLLUSK5A DEL PR,-iDO BALBOA PARK (Across from Matural History Museum) MEETS THIRD THURSDAY —7:30 P.M., ROOM 101. President: Bob Schoening V/ic8“President : Hugh Bradner Recording Secretary: Blanche Breuer Corresponding Secretary: John Smith Editor: Carole M, Hertz AI\JMUAL DUES: Single membership ^3.00; Family membership SL:00; Overseas surface $3,50; Student membership $2,00, Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc,, c/a Martin Schuler, 5170 Baxter Street, San Diego, Ca, 92117, y/ol, UII July 1976 (Mo, 7 * PROGRAM: Dr, Frank King ujill give an illustrated talk on his trip to * * Australia, ♦ * Date: July 15, 1976, Time: 7:30 P.M,, Room 101, I * SAUE THE DATE! September 18, 1976 — Fantasy Under the Sea — Fall Party * * « FROM THE MIIMUTES Dur speaker for the evening was June King who gave a most informative and absorbing talk on her stay in Wietnam, Her husband accompanied her talk uith many of his beautiful slides showing the people, and the land of Uietnam before the fall of Saigon, June also brought in a huge display of shells which she had purchased, found on the beach or received while she was in Vietnam, After coffee break the raffle was held and the business meeting followed. It was announced that the Botanical Foundation plant sale was very successful and that the Club's efforts were appreciated. The theme for the Club's September 18 party was established as Fantasy Under the Sea, The Club still needs the offer of a house (yard really) for the event. The menu will be decided at the next meeting. Shelves have been made for the Club's storage locker and will house dupli- cate and rarely circulated books and periodicals, Marty Schuler's father is building a "dolly-like" arrangement to support our library cabinet. The mater ial will cost approximately 5^54, The library should be in order for the July meeting, A new list of library holdings is forthcoming. Members suggested the Club order the following books as additions to the library; MacFarland's Vol/?^6, Uphistobranchs of the Pacific Northwest, and Abbott's Best of the Nautilus. The Club will also purchase the Radwin and D'Attilio book when it comes out in September, Peter kiienold won the shell drawing. BOOK MOTES 40. I BV HUGH BRADNER Review Article: MEliJ SPECIES OF MARINE MQLLUSKS FROM PITCAIRN ISLAND AND THE MARQUESAS — Herald A, Rehder and Barry R, Wilson, Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology #203, The monograph describes five new species and one new subspecies found in dredge hauls during the fall 1967 expedition of the Pels. Tne expedition was supported jointly by the National Geographic Society, Smithsonian, Bishop Museum and Mrs, Mariel King; and the work is dedicated to Mrs, King in recog- nition of her great patronage of malacology. Good color plates supplement the descriptions of the six new mollusks; Cypraea kinqae (Cypraeidae) , Fusinus galatheae bountyi (Fasciolariidae) , and Zibi cernohorskyi (Mitridae) from Pitcairn Island and Phenacovolva carneopicta (!Dvulidae), Chicoreus (Chicomurex) venustulus (Muricidae), and Conus marielae (Conidae) from the Marquesas, The authors remark that the Marquesas and Pitcairn are nearly virgin ter- ritory for dredging, so "it was not surprising to find among the dredged specimens several species that appear to be new to science." Nevertheless, five new species from a single brief expedition is an impressive number. The Cypraea kinqae is a very attractive small species (14-19,3mm) whose closest relative is probably C. englerti (Summers and Burgess, 1965), In shape and size they are similar, but kinqae has light yellow-brown dorsum with white spots and white base and fine teeth, A total of 16 adult specimens were obtained from about 24 dredge hauls off Pitcairn Island, Thus it should be classed as isolated rather thab rare. It is likely to remain isolated for a considerable time because I understand that Pitcairn has become progressively more isolated during the past 5-10 years, T^e tour ships stop less often. There is no likelihood of airstrip or ship-landing. The island population is diminishing because of the arduous existence on the small rocky island sur- rounded by cold water with almost ceaseless ocean swells. Dredge hauls off Pitcairn also revealed a new fusinus subspecies, Fusinus galatheae bounty! and a beautiful new orange-pink member of the mitre family, Ziba cernohorskyi , Only one specimen was found of this moderate size shell (32,6 mm length). It has somewhat the shape of Ziba bacillum (Lamarck, 1811) and Ziba astyaqis (Dohrn, 1860), The specimen was live-collected, so Rehder and Wilson are able to give full details of radula as well as the shell. The radula rather closely resembles that of Mitra (Mitra) fulvescens Broderip, 1836 (Cernohorsky , 1970:13, fig, 46), but in some ways is also inter- mediate between the radulae figured by Cernohorsky (1970:16, figs, 83, 84) for ?Ziba f lammea (Quoy and Gaimard, 1833) and ?Z, bacillum (Lamarck, 1811), This new species is named for Walter 0, Cernohorsky, of the Auckland Instituise and Museum, in tribute to his outstanding work on the Mitridae and Indo-Pacific gastropods in general. The remaining three new species, Chicoreus (Chicomurex ) venustulus. Conus marielae, and Phenacovolva carneopicta, were all represented by eight or more specimens, so that complete descriptions of shell, animal, radula etc, are given, (This monograph will be placdd in circulation in the Club library, Ed,) ADDITION TO THE ROSTER Bibbey, Joe 490 Citrus Ave, Imperial Beach, Ca, 92032 423-5133 41 MACRARENE CODKEANA (Dali, 1918) BY BARBARA U. MYERS The pictured specimen yas collected by John D, Myers, Jan, 1976, off La Jolla, California at a depth of 105 ft, in rocky rubble , Diameter 23 mm, height 17 mm, A uhitish, coralline encrusted shell with a nacreous interior. Umbilicus deep. The animal finely striped a reddish brown and white, but of such a timid and retiring nature that a better picture of the foot uias not possible. The operculum is especially interesting, being sharply concave with radiating rows of glassy spicules and some fine beading of the spiral whorls. The spicules become elongate at the margin and extend outward to form a dense fringe, (In other words it fairly bristles ) , Photos by Barbara bJ, Myers AND ON TO FRENCH POLYNESIA By Carols M, Hsrtz (continuation of article in Festivus, Feb, 1976) Tahiti, we found a vain celebrity — beautiful to look at but overrated and unfriendly. Ue uere happy to move on, Moorea, our next stop seemed beautiful but ue each had some bug or other while there and so we didn't enjoy it very well — our fault not Moorea's, But Huahine, highly recommended to us by our friend living in Tahiti and also by Marge and Hugh Bradner, was a different story. Charming, quiet and " Umitouristy 7 it was a delights How we wished we could have traded in Tahiti and Moorea for Huahine, Uhile very expensive as in the other J,slands of French Polynesia, we didn't feel here as if we were being "taken," There are only two hotels on HuaPrine, the Hotel Huahine, an old, in-town hotel and the Bali Hai, an American owned, modern one. At first we had tried to make reservations in the Hotel Huahine but at that time they were not accepting guests. So it was the Bali Hai, The hotel was lovely, built in the Tahitian style with individual accommoda- tions looking like fares, each one built over a network of lily pool-filled canals. (Ue understand that at one time the area was mosquito infested and the i idea of building a Irotel there, ridiculed. However the fish in the canals take I care of the larvae and we were not bothered by mosquitos* there , ) Facilities at the hotel were very good and the staff helpful, T[ie hotel is right on a beau- tiful white sandy beach. Hammocks swing from the trees along the shore for the tourist weary from all his relaxing. The water is clear and warm and the reef just a pleasant stroll from the hotel, Ub made the "reef trip" each of the three days we were there and found new delights each time, Uasum ceramicum Linne and U. turtainellus Linne were at the wave-beaten edge of the reef as were the Bursa b uf onia Gmelin, Quite a few varieties of cones were on the reef and in its sandy pools-C, ebraeus , vit ul inus f lavidus , rattus and chladeus among others. During one afternoon's adventure on the reef we saw young lionfish every- where, They were even swimming in and out from under boulders in ankle-deep water, We decided to tread carefully. The walk to and from the reef revealed many interesting shells. T)-,e ubiquitous Cypraea obvelata Lamarck was on and under corals everywhere together with C, moneta Linne,. Patella f lexuosa B&G was intertidal on coral boulders as wel as on the reef, Morula uva (Roding) on coral outcroppings, Cantharus undosus Linne on the coral sand were among the varied species found along the shore. The town of Fare is less than five minutes from the hotel, strolling along the beach path. The main street is a dirt road along the water and the buildings, reminiscent, some of them, of the Old West line the side of the road facing the water. This little main street town seemed tranquil most of the time with Boat Day being the exception. On the day the cargo boats come in, the town bustles. People are everywhere-all sizes and shapes in all manner of colorful outfits. Goods are loaded and unloaded, people leave and come. Food stalls are set up at the side of the road and many of the stores suddenly become re&taurants for the morning. We didn't realize that there were as many people on the island as con- gregated in town on Boat Day, With a French vocabulary of almost five words — incl uding "no " , shopping was both fun and a problem. Since the food was so expensive at the hotel (and too mach of it) we 'picnicked' our breakfast and lunch and ate dinner in the dining room, French bread is the biggest (and only) bargain in French Polynesia (about 2BiJ American). Each early morning found us in town doing our "shopping" for those marvelous and aromatic wonders. Remembering my best menu French we were also able to get fromage for our bread. Pointing was necessary for the pine- apple juice. Not a bad breakfast. Lunch was different — pineapple juice, French bread and peanut butter. Never do we travel without peanut butter. 43 The hotel had bicycles for the use of the guests and Ruth and I bicycled part way around the island. It*s a beautiful place and much friendlier than Tahiti and Moorea, At the suggestion of Marge and Hugh, we took a walk to the dredge pile — coral and rubble piled high to be used in road work, We had to snoop about to see if some rare shell might have been dredged along with everything else. On route we met some delightful children. Uith their lack of English and our non- existent French, we did very well. Ule talked and laughed and met with them each day. The dredge pile didn't yield an abundance of rare shells but the sloshing and looking were fun anyway with our new young friends sloshing and looking were fun anyway and with our new young friends it was a happy time, A tour to the marae (ancient Tahitian temples), a watermelon plantation and ancient fish pools proved very interesting, Felix, the hotel's guide was know- legeable and friendly — even when I made him stop the van when I saw my first kapok tree. You mean kapok grows on trees? kihat a surprise! But it was the beauty of the island which we drank in while we strolled the beaches that we treasure most. FROM THE BAN DIEGO UNION, JULY 4, 1976 The Department of Fish and Game reports widespread traffic in illegal abalone off the north coast of California where no commercial abalone diving or picking is permitted. The Union article quotes DFG Inspector Russell Goodrich assaying "Ue're witnessing the organized rape of the coastline's few remaining virgin abalone beds." The Inspector states that illegal abalone is being sold to commercial establishments and even door to door. Records show that one diver furnished 360 pounds of abalone tea Berkeley restaurant with a bill of sale of $2340,00 from a ficticious "Acme *‘isheries" in Morro Bay. The diver was fined $500,00 and a 30 day jail sentence was suspended. The same diver received a total of $0,534.50 from this restaurant during 1976, Fish and Game Regulations prohibit all commercial collecting north of Point Lobos to protect the best red abalone beds in the state, (On this closed north coast a skilled diver can get about 50 dozen abalone a day as opposed to about five dozen off the Channel Islands), However, the violation of the closed area continues and the illegal activity is said to be widespread and well organized with divers from the south moving to the closed northern areas. The DFG has tried to improve the situation by shortening the season and reducing the daily bag limit. It has also asked the legislature to increase the diving fee and close the area from Palos Uerdes to Dana Point to commercial fishing for five years but the legislature has not acted on this. Patrol Captain Curt Hastner believes one clue to catching these poachers lies in the correct identification of northern abalone from the southern, one key being the algae clinging to the shell. (Perhaps more on the spot coverage by game wardens would be the best clue. Ed.) INTERESTED IN EXCHANGE Terry and Oacky Thorn of Barnehurst, Kent, England write that they collect Murex and would like to increase their worldwide collection. They will exchange or buy. "...so we decided to get in touch with other conchologist and Shell Clubs worldwide in the hopes we can enlarge our collection by exchange." Write to Mr, T, Thorn, 4 Barnehurst Rd,, Barnehurst, Hent, England, MINUTE SHELLS BY JULES HERTZ This month ue are again showing minute shells brought back by the Ameripagos Expedition in grunge collected in six to twelve feet of water at Flamingo Cove, near Post Office Bay, Floreana Island, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, l^^arch 15-16, 1971, The shells pictured below are from the Mulliner collection and were photographed by Dave Mulliner, Tentative identifications were made by Bert Draper, This was an extremely difficult task since they iijere made from photo- graphs rather than the shells themselves and since in a number of cases 1he shells are from immature specimens. Starting next month we will be featuring some shells from the Grundman collection which iiere also brought back by the Ameripagos collection. These were originally photographed and identified by Bert Draper, Erato scabriuscula Sowerby, 1832 3,5 mm. Probably a B i 1 1 i urn Triphora excolpa Bartsch, 1907 (immature specimen), 3,0 Probably Lithophaqa calyculata (Carpenter, 1857) (Immature specimen), 3.2 mm 45 Qi 40 1 WILLIAM H. DALK SECTiONAL LIBRARY nivic^iOM GF M0LLU3KS vn SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 C -.BA DEL P.1--1D0 BALBOA PARK (Across from Matural History Museum) MEETS THIRD THURSDAY —7:30 P.M., ROOM 101. President: Bob Schoening Uice-President : Hugh Bradner Recording Secretary: Blanche Brewer Corresponding Secretary: John Smith Editor: Carole M, Hertz A[\J(\1UAL DUES: Single membership 53,00; Family membership |4:0D; Overseas surface $3.50; Student membership $2.00, Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc,, c/o Martin Schuler, 5170 Baxter Street, San Diego, Ca. 92117. WOl. VII August 1976 (\Io. 8 ♦ * PROGRAM: Speaker is Dr, George Raduiin of the San Diego Natural History * Museum. His will be an illustrated talk entitled "So You Want * to Uirite a Book!" * Date: Aug, 19, 1976, Time: 7:30 P.M. Room IDl. « * 5/^VE THE DATE: Fall Party, Fantasy Under the Sea, will be on Sept, 18, 1976 * at the home of Sherry Pickford, Map and instructions will be * included in the September issue. FROM THE MINUTES Dr, Frank King wa® our speaker for the Ju},y meeting, Ris illustrated talk on his trip to the South Pacific ( Fiji, Australia, New Zealand and Moorea) arranged and led by Tom Rice was not only informative but entertaining— bordering on the hilarious, (An article on his trip will appear in a future issue of the Festivus , )Ed. After coffee break the business portion of the meeting was held. Sherry Pickford offered her home for the Fall party on September 18. Billee Dilworth and Marge Bradner volunteered to be in charge of t he food for the affair. Help will be needed for decorating and cleanup. If you will help, please contact a board member. June King wa* appointed acting Corresponding Secretary until John Smith is availabjle to resume his duties. The Clot) authorized the purchase of a three-drawer file cabinet for the F estivus. The Club Library will be repaired and available to members by the next meeting, (Aug, )* Dave Mulliner ordered the two new books for the library. The raffle was held at the conclusion of the business meeting. The younger Richard Schwarz won the shell drawing. 46 Fig, 4 AcanthPdoris lut ea Fig, 3 Archidoris nobilis Fig, 4 Acanthodoris lutea MacFarl^nd, 1925. 50 mm., bright orange with light colored branchia and darker rhinophores. yje see this occasianally — about four times a year. A FANTASTIC DIVE BY NGLA MICHEL I uant to tell you about a dive off Point Loma in dune 1975. It was unique in the fact that me collected such a variety of nudibranch species on one dive. It mas nice meather and mater conditions mere not bad. Fair visi- bility— 2G fbet or so and the mater marming from a cold minter temperature, bJe came in from deep mater (12Q*-r) mith the depth finder on and dropped anchor on the "old sea cliffs," the last reef before the deep mater. The top of the reef is 75 feet under mater and the bottom of those sheer cliffs is about 100 feet --in the sand. My diving buddy is Dave Mulliner mho, as most of you knom, is an excellent photographer — hence these beautiful pictures taken after the dive. Fig. 1 Aeqires albopunctatus MacFarland, 1905. 25 mm,, common in shallom mater but not deep (75''^) mhere me found it. Animal mhite mith black spots , Fig, 1 Aegires albopunctatus Fig, 2, Spurilla chromosoma Cockerell 8> Eliot, 1905, 25 mm. Is seen occasionally both in deep mater and intertidal. The body and head are clear, the cerata is light orange, rhinophores Fig. 2 Spurilla chromosoma are dark orenge. Fig, 3 Archidoris nobilis Ddhner, 1907. 75 mm,, yellom mith black spots, common. 47 I Fig, 5 T ri tonia f estiva (Stearns, 1873), 35 mm. This one is a yellou- ish-broLjn animal with uhite markings luhite bronchia and rhinophores. Seen occasionally. Fig, 6 Laila cockerelli Fig, 5 T ritonia f estiva Fig. 6 Laila cockerelli MacF.'-Tland, 1985, 20 mm. This clownish looking animal has a white body with orange tipped papillia. It has orange rhinophores and white bronchia. Seen occasionally. Fig, 7 Dendronotus diversicolor hobilliard, 1970, 25 mm. This animal has a clear white body, home cerata are opaque, wnite tipped and some are tipped with yellow- orange, Seen occasionally. Fig, 8 Ohromodoris macf arlandi Fig, 9 Flabellinopsis iodinea Cooper, 1862, 20 mm. This very common animal is quite striking with its lavender body and orange cerata. It has red rhinophores to top every- thing off! Fig, 7 Dendronotus diversicolor Fig, 8 Ohromodoris macf arlandi Cockerell, 1902, 20 mm. This animal is lavender blue with gold stripes b'ith the same color branchia and darker rhinophores. Been occasionally. Fig, 9 Fiebellinopsis iodinea 48 Fig, ID Aealidia papilloss Linnaeus, 1761. 30 mm. This animal has a buff colored body with clear cephalic ten- tacles. The rhinophores ore broun, the cerata buff. It has a distinctive white marking down the dorsal area. It is seen occasionally. Fig. 10 'Bolidia papillosa Fio. 11 Cadlina limbauqhi Lance, 1962. 25 mm. This strikingly beautiful animal has a white body with opaque white markings and black rhinophores and branchia. Fig. 11 Cadlina limbaunhi Fig, 12 Dialuls sandiencnsis Cooper, lc62. 25mm, This common animal runs from white to brown in body color. It has black color rings with brown centers,^ The rhinophores are brown, the bronchia 0r6 ujhitG» Fig, 13 Hvoselodoris porterae Cockerell, 1902. 25mm. This is a blue animal with yellow-gold markings. ^ It has dark blue rhinophores and branchia. It is seen rarely. Fig. 13 Hvpselodoris porterae 49 i Fig, 14 Dendronotus f rondosus Ascanius, 20mm. This delicate locking animal has a greyish body with buff colored cerejta. It has a distinctive green and uhite marking along the dorsum. Not common . Fig, 15 Hermissenda crassicornis , 15 Hermissenda crassicornis , (Eschscholtz, 1831). 25 mm. One of my favorites, this animal has a buff body with blue markings. It has blue dia- monds on the dorsum ujith red csrata with light tips. : GOOD rjBiiS Lur Club has received word from Frank Abbottsmith that he will be in San j Diego on liiednesday, September 29, 1976 and will be happy to give a slide pre- sentation to the Club that evening on "Australians— Including Shells," For those who do not know Mr, /'ibbottsmith — a bit of information. He is from P 'rth, Ulest Australia, an author of a book on Austr Bian volutes and a j specialist on the volutes who has an outstanding collection of these beautiful I Austral ian shells* He is also a charming man arc! an amusing and informative speaker, liJhen he was in San Diego two years ago, he presented tivo delightful programs to our Club, one at our regular meeting and the second at a special ■potluck and party at June and Harold Bellmer's home, Mr. Abbottsmith will be here just this one evening on this trip and all mambers are invited to come and meet him (or renew the friendship) and enjoy his program — a bonus for us. The location for this meeting will be announced at our August meeting. FUR SALE June King would like to sell her never used Uol, I of Kira and Habe’s Shells of the Uestern Pacific in Color, Call her at 296-1574, FCR YUUR INFGRMATIGN 1. The Festivus needs your articles. Without your contributions we have only a fromt page! A "Buy and Sell Night" is the idea for the program for the October meeting. Suggestions and help laill be cheerfully accepted. r> 50 MINUTE SHELLS BY OULES HERTZ Starting this month, uie are featuring minute sheila from the Jackie Grundman ccllection. These mere obtained by the Ameripagos Expedition in the Galapagos Islands** Original photography and shell identifications mere cour- tesy of Bert Draper. Black and uhite photographs mere produced from the original 35 mm.- colored slides by Festivus staff photographer, Dave Mulliner. The four shells featured this month are all from the Genus T riphora Blain- ville, 1828 which belong to the Subfamily T riphorinae in the Family Cerithiidae . T riphora alt ernat a C.B. Adams, 1852 Length; 7,2 mm., Station //7. T riphora adamsi , B.artsch, 1907 Length: 5.1 mm.. Station iil , * Ameripagos Collecting Stations #1 , 3-10 feet, Sullivan Bay, Sgrtholome Island, Galapagos IslEnds, Ecuador (0-^17’20’'S, , 90°33'3D"U.), March 10-13, 1971. ^31p 3-10 feet, cove on Duncan Island, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador (0'^35 ' 50"S . , 90°39 * 15"lil , ) , March 25-26, 1971. T riphora unicolor Bartsch, 1907 Length: 4.3mm., Station ifl , Tri Len 1907 31. WiLLiAM H. DALi: SECTIONAL LiBRARY nfVrqjON OF rRO! ! 51 THE FJSTIVBS 401 F418 Oii. SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 CmSF del Prjr-iDU BALBOA PARK (Across from Natural History Museum) MEETS THIRD THURSDAY —7:30 P.M., ROOM 101, President; Bob Schoening V/ice-President ; Hugh Bradner Recording Secretary: Blanche Brewer Corresponding Secretary: John Smith Editor: Carole M, Hertz ANNUAL DUES: Single membership $3,00; Family membership $4:00; Overseas surface $3,50; Student membership $2,00, Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc,, c/o Martin Schuler, 5170 Baxter Street, San Diego, Ca, 92117, \^ol. \JU September 1976 No, 9 * + * PROGRAM: Fantasy Under the Sea — September Party — September IB, 1976 at * J 6:00 P.K, at the home of Sherry Pickford, See map and instruc-* J tions on last page of this issue, J * Frank Abbottsmith will speak on "Australians — Including Shells''^ on September 29, 1976 at the home of Don and Jeanne Pisor, Information and map in this issue on last page. " SO YOU WANT TO URITE A BOOK" By BLANCHE BREUJER Dr, George Raduin — who has been writing a book — talked about the many prob- lems encountered in the process at our August meeting. With the collaboration of Mr. Tony D'Attilio he has been working for eight years to present the family Muricidae in a definitive book. He illustrated his ts|ik with slides of many individual shells. They did much research, both of the animals (their radular structure) and their shells (their physical stru&ture). Mr, DMttilio's drawings, illustrating their find- ings, were among the slides shown. The color plates are the work of another member of our Club, Mr, David Mulliner, They; will be printed in four colors. The color proofs of the plates were arranged on tables for our viewing pleasure. The whole, long discipline of producing the book now has the promise of a publication date — this fallish. The book is being published by Stanford Press, Following the coffee break we had a short business session. Announcement was madb of a visit by Mr, Frdrtk Abbottsmith of Perth, Australia with meeting at the home of Don and Jeenne Pisor, Food list for the September party was passed. The shell raffle was held and the shell drawing was won by Dottie King, 52. TRANSATLAMTIC NEWS BY SUSAN HEWITT Surely everyone in Britain and the USA knows by now that 1976 is the Bicentennial of the American Revolution. Something far fewer people realize is that this year also represents the centennial of the foundation of the Conchological Society of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, one of the oldest existing societies devoted to the study of the Molluscs. The most important contribution to malacology which the Society is to make this year is the publication late in the year of the Atlas of British Non-Marine Molluscs. To anyone who collects solely tropical marine shells, this may sound like something of a non-event. But to someone like myself who has spent many hundreds of hours grovelling in rivers, ponds, streams, ditches, hedgerows, woods, sand dunes, marshes, rii)bish dumps, gardens and churchyards, sending off thousands of records as a result, it is something to be regarded with excitement and anticipation. The Atlas will contain a distribution map for each one of the approximately 180 species of non-marine molluscs in Britain, showing presence or absence in a grid of 10 hm. squares covering the whole of the British Isles, There are still a few squares with no records but most range from 5-20 species to over 60 in the more favorable areas. In the 'Cambridge square' where I live there are over 90 species recorded. The level of total recorded coverage is impressive, especially since all the work has been on a voluntary basis and most of it car- ried out by amateurs. Predictably enough, the most comprehensive recording has been in the well populated English counties, especially the so-called 'Home Counties' in the South East of Britain around London, Sparsely populated Scotland has been less well covered. This is scarcely surprising, since there are a number of 10 Km, squares which are only accessible to hikers. The record- ing in Northern Ireland has also been rather patchy, but there only the most foolhardy would put their lives at risk by engaging in suspicious looking acti- vities like poking about in hedges and under bridges.. Despite these shortcomings, distribution maps for the large, conspicuous or interesting species like the Edible ^nail, the beautiful river mussels and the highly coloured and variable Cepaea snails, will probably prove to be almost 100% complete. However, out of the cast of 180 or so in this show, there are a good many who can't rustle up much of a fan club. How many people really love the elusive and unendearing slugs enough to hunt them out and identify them? How many people have the patience to sieve through leaf mould or river mud searching for some of the 30 or so minute species which they might find there? The answer is, more people than you might expect, even from a nation of eccentrics, but not enough to yield the enormous bulk of records necessary to construct a complete picture of the distribution of these obscure animals. Recording will continue after the publication and hopefully it will prove possible to produce later editions of the Atlas with the maps modified to include new data. Anyone who has inquiries about the mapping scheme or the Atlas itself should write to the hardworking Honorary Recorder: Dr, Michael Kerney Imperial College of Science and Technology, Dept, of Geology, Royal School of Mines, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, 53 MIf\IUTE SHELLS BY JULES HERTZ This month we are featuring shells from the Superfamily Rissoacea. The shells are from the Jackie Grundman collection and were obtained by the Ameripagos Expedition in the Galapagos Islands.* Original photography and shell identifications were courtesy of Bert Draper. Black and white photographs were produced from the original 35mm colored slides by Festivus staff photographer, Dave mulliner. The Alvinia species are from the Fanily Rissoidae, Subfamily Rissoinae , whereas the Rissoina species are from the Family Rissoinidae, Subfamily Rlssoininae. Rissoina siqnae Bartsch, 1915 Length: 3,2 mm,, Station Rissoina axeliana Hertlein 8. Strong. 1951 Length: 2,9 mm.. Station fil Rissoina porteri Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1930 Length: 2,7 mm.. Station # Alvinia lara (Bartsch, 1911) Alvlnla nemo (Bartsch, 1911) Length; 3.3 mm., Station #11 Length; 3,4 mm,. Station #7 ♦Mmeripagas Collecting Stations 3-10 feet by diving, Darwin Research Station, Academy Bay, Santa Cruz Island, Csiapagas Islsnds, Ecuador ( 0O45'06"S,, 90°15 ' 38”kJ. ) , March 5, 1971, 3-10 feet, Sullivan Bay, Bartholome Island, Bsiapagos Islands, Ecuador, (Q°17’2D''S,, 90°33'30"liJ. ), March 10-13, 1971. ^11 6-12 feet. Flamingo Cove, near Post Office Bay, Floreana Island, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador (1°14'0«S., 90°27 • 30"lii. ) , March 15-16, 1971. THLJSE CRAZY illXED-UP CGliJRIES BY TUILA BRATCHER Every collector knows Cypraea are nocturnal, avoid sunlight and quickly drop into the water or crawl to the underside of rocks or coral hgads which have been turned over exposing them. l\)ot Cypraea mus Linnaeus, 1758, at Amuay Bay on the Paraguana Peninsula in Venezuela. They crawl out of the water at low tide, oblivious to the hot tropical sunshine and strong dessicating winds which blow constantly. They work their way out of the mud and turtle grass (Thalassia sp.) on to dry land and into what would seem a hostile environment. Usually their mantles are partially retracted, leaving the dorsum glinting in the sunlight, liie observed, without disturbing, several females depositing eggs. All were upside down among turtle grass, depositing the eggs on the underside of a half shell of Chione granulata (Linnaeus, 1753), In May of 1976 my sister, Billee Dilworth, and I visited Amuay Bay with Ed Petuch while on a collecting trip to Colombia and Venezuela, Ed, accepted as a doctoral student at the Rosenstiel School of Oceanography in Miami study- ing Biological Oceanography, was gathering material for his doctoral disser- tation on the Colombian area,. ^ ^ Amuay Bay, on the Paraguana Peninsula, state of Falcon, Venezuela, is no tropical paradise. The water is constantly muddy. Hot winds blow so strongly a person can almost lean against them. The cactus affords no shade, and there are no trees. At extreme low tides part of the turtle grass is exposed to idjind and sun. In a very short time it turns dry and sunburned. Out of the moisture Cypraea mus crawl to the surface, sometimes working their way onto the drying mud. They are indeed crazy mixed-up cowries! a;. BARIUM DBSERVATIDN5 BY B-RBARA U. MYERS With a subdued clatter, the large Bursa calif ornica (Hinds, 1843), length 104 mm,, fell from the wall of my 30 gal, aquarium — hardly an earth-shaking event — but noted in view of what followed. It was only minutes later while look- ing in the aquarium that I saw perched atop this same Bursa, and obviously satis- fying their appetites for "fresh flesh", three Cypraea spadicea Swainson, 1832, l\low this had to be ^ery "fresh", because minutes before the Bursa had been cling- ing to the wall of the aquarium. Did he just fall down dead? If so, he had hardly had time to acquire any odor to attract the Cypraeas, Perhaps he was weakened, but did they actually overpower and devour? Three Cypraea, measuring approximately 45 mm, each might be a match for a Bursa. Even so, if you have ever watched a hungry Bursa track,, assault and consume a prickly sea urchin of matching size, with complete disregard for and apparently suffering no ill effects from the sharp spines, you would wonder at the audacity of these supposed vegetarians (Cypraea)^ Cypraea spa dicea does well in aquaria and feeds on the algae that grow on the walls. However, this evidently is not enough to sustain them as I have ob- served Cypraea eating the flesh of scallops, fish and other mollusks. Is it pos- sible that to survive they resort to eating flesh and if they don't get enough of that as left over scraps, they are ready to became predators? 55 ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION FOR A MOLLUSK By MARTY SCHULER On July 11, 1976, Peter Uienold and I took a nudibranch census of south Casa Reef, Ue reached the reef about four in the morning and began searching for our elusive "nudies". The tide pools uere disappointingly barren that morning (according to our standards), but ue did come across several Hermissendas , and quite a feu Dendrodoris , (as always), and other common varieties of "branchs", liJe reached the end of the reef and were about to turn back when ue found a squid which had been washed up on the exposed reef, I picked it up and examined it for any wear and tear that may have been inf licted on the poor thing. As I went to put the squid down, the tentacles would not let go of my fingers. Apparently the little monster still had some activity in its seemingly lifeless body, I placed the squid (which measured about fourteen inches in length) in a nearby pool in hopes of reviving him. Nothing happened. Despite the fact that I could soon have a malpractice suit on my hands, I proceeded gently to squeeze the body of the squid, and then release my grip, I continued this pumping action and found that its eyes were clearer than before, I continued, with Peter look- ing on, When the squid began to pump on its own, Peter took off for his car to get his movie camera while I continued to help save the squid. His pump was weak but it was definitely working. His "breathing" continued for about six minutes before it slowly weakened, I immediately repeated the above technique but to no avail, Peter returned but the squid didn't revive for a second time, I was able to identify the squid as Loliqo opalescens. Sheila For Saler Mrs, Glenn McHeffey in Poway would like to sell a collection of shells that has been in her family for many years. There is no data but she says the shells are in fine condition. If interested, call 748-7991, Special Offer To Shell Clubs: "As a pre-Christmas offer, "The Best of the Nautilus'" by R, Tucker Abbott, ($13,95), will be available at large discounts, if ordered in bulk, 3 to 6 copies, 20% off ($11,16); 7 to 15 copies, 25% off ($10,46), over 15 copies, 40% off ($8,37), Postage paid,..," If interested, notify Bob Schoening, If there is sufficient response, the Club will send in a bulk order. The Club Library has been repaired and will be completely operational by our next meeting. An up-to-date list of library holdings will be available at that time, THE FESTIUUS NEEDS ARTICLES, FDR YOUR INFORMATION CHANGE OF ADDRESS BRaDNER, Hugh and Marge 1867 Caminito Mdlrzella La Jolla, Ca. 92037 459-7681 HEUITT, Susan 1600 Chapel Street New Haven, Conn, 06511 56 401 William SECTIONAL DIVISION OF H. DALE library (VIOLLUAKr, SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 C mSA del PRmDG balboa park (Across from Natural History Museum) MEETS THIRD THURSDAY —7:30 P.M., ROOM 101. President: Bob Schoening V/ice-President ; Hugh Bradner Recording Secretary: Blanche Brewer Corresponding Secretary: John Smith Editor: Carole M, Hertz ANNUAL DUES: Single membership S3. 00; Family membership 14:00; Overseas surface $3.50; Student membership $2.00. Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/a Martin Schuler, 5170 Baxter Street, San Diego, Ca. 92117. Uol» V/II October 1976 No. IQ I PROGRAM: Trade, Buy and Sell Night, October 21, 1976 at 7:30 P.M, in * Room 101 of the Casa Del Prado. Bring your specimen shells and * swap, sell or buy. Coffee and cookies will be available through- I out the evening's program which will end at 9:30 P.M. Because of » the type of program, the business meeting will be held first. * This will include discussion of the Christmas party, nomination * of officers and a possible amendment to the Club constitution. * + **Jic + ****i(.J(clH + ***»K*****)t:***********>t:**>l'***>l'***=t‘*’l'******’'‘********'*‘***‘’^********’'‘ SAY THERE, WAS THAT EWER A GOOD PARTY! Sherry's parents graciously provided the location, Peggy mixed the punch, Bob turned us on to the music, June invented the gumbo and on and on. There was something for everyone! Dancing, eating, sipping, visiting, swimming, and where else could you hobnob with Ms. Neptune and The Chicken of the Sea, a pirate, and listen to Norm speak French? (Note I am using no last names for those who want to remain anonymous). Entertainment highlights included Billee's water ballet, Jim's jokes, Rose's dancing, Marty's sword fight and Jules' feet. Dinner was delicious. This was proven by the fact that Tony ate two helpings. Now, if you didn't attend, aren't you sorry?!!! signed- Guess Who I CHANGES DF ADDRESS GEMMELL, Joyce KITTSMILLER, Don 150 S. Anza Sp. 47C Weapons Dept. El Cajon, Ca. 92020 USB Macdonaugh DDG39 FPD. N.Y.,N.Y. 09501 UISITDR FROM AUSTRALIA 57. By BLANCHE BREUIER Mr, Frank Abbottsmith of Perth, Australia conducted a slide showing at the home of Don and Jeanne Piaor on Wednesday, September 29, for members and friends of the San Diego Shell Club, Since Mr, Abbottsmith is a well-knouin authority on Australian Uolutidae. slides of this family were the frame and accents of the show. However, he inter- spersed the volute slides with varied and interesting views of things "animal, vegetable and mineral" uniquely Australian, such as the pouch-bearing mammals and the many unusual — to our view — foipms of life on that continent. The egg-laying mammals, the echidna and the platypus (also pouched) are the strangest of all. Even as one looks at these two they are almost too fantastic to believe, lile saw many of the marsupials, beautiful wildly colored birds, snakes, lizards, frogs and insects and many gorgeous trees and shrubs with strange flowers (mostly stamens) and stranger native names. Everything is extravagant. There are 108 species of marsupials. There are 52 kinds of kangaroos. There are 58 families of birds — 50 different parrots, Australia has 12 percent of the Earth's reptiles,. Seventy of their snakes are poisonous. There are 600 species of Eucalypts, another 600 of Acacias or wattles, lile were shown glimpses of the "outback" — air views of "badlands" hills of the Mt, Olga Range like giant loaves of bread, separated by narrow canyons; the red sandstone monolith, Ayer's Rock; a scaled monster in the rocky broten mesa called the Hrichauff Range (only 500 feet elevation). There were several slides of the world-famed opera house complex at Sydney and of its richly beautiful interiors. Australian shores abound in many species of the family Volutidae and Mr, Abbottsmith has collected, studied and written a book about them. The many slides of these lovely shells were mostly of the live animals, either in trays or in their natural habitats. The slide sbowing was in two parts with an intermission for cake and coffee. Everyone stayed for the second session. This was Mr. Abbottsmith ' s second visit to the San Diego Shell Club, It was an enjoyable occasion and very well attended. LIBRARY NEWS By Carole M, Hertz The QtUb library is the recipient of a generous donation from member, John Souder, the highlights of which are listed below, 1, Consecutive issues of HAlilAIIAN SHELL NEWS from November 1953-1962. This in combination with the volumes already held by the Club, gives the library a complete set, 2, PACIFIC SCIENCE, V/ol. XI, No, 3, July 1957, University of Hawaii Press, The sixty-six page, illustrated article, MICRGNESIAN REEF-ASSOCIATED GASTROPODS by Joan Osmond is in this issue, 3, ENDEMIC HAWAIIAN COWRIES by William M, Ingram, from OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF BISHOP MUSEUM, Uol, XIU, No, 19, March 6, 1939. A, THE HAWAIIAN TUN SHELLS, by Spencer Tinker, reprint from PACIFIC SCIENCE, \lal, 3, No, 4, October 1949. 5, LIVING SPECIES OF THE PELECYPOD FAMILY TRAPEZIIDAE by Alan Solem, reprinted from the PROCEEDINGS OF THE MALACDLDGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, December 1954. 6, From INDO-PACIFIC MOLLUSCA (in looseleaf binder) the sections VASIDAE, STROMBIDAE, LAMBIS, PINNIDAE and TRIDACNADAE. These will be available for circulation at the October meeting. 5B FOUND QN FEE GRASS (ZDSTTERA) By BARBARA MYERS* Collected in the Flood Control Channel, Mission Bay, San Diego, Ca., far from its northern home (Alaska to Oregon), vje believe the pictured specimen is a juvenile Notoacmea scutum (Rathke, 1833). Eleven specimens were found all attached to blades of the eel grass (Zostera) . They are thin shelled, white with brown patches, pattern visible through the under side. Apex is 2/5 shell length from the front margin, sides parallel. Sculpture consists of fine radiating ribs and spiral growth lines; margin is crenulate. In contrast to the almost round shape and smooth margin of li* scutum, we find these specimens are elongated with parallel sides and crenulate margins. V\'e believe the narrowness and pliability of their habitat (eel grass) could account for this difference . Measui’ements of the other specimens are as follows 9/28/69 - 8mmx5mmx2 mm) ^ t. . , . ^ n tt ^ 10/30/70 - 8mrax5mmx2 mm) Collected by Carole Hertz 10/70 ft u !t 6/74 14mmx9mmx5mm ) 13 mm X 8 mm X 4 mm ) 10 mm X 7 mm X 3 mm (4)) Collected by B. Myers 7mmx5ramx2mm ) 10mmx7mmx3mm ) iifly thanks to Jules Hertz who made the measurements and comparisons leading to the identification of these specimens as possible juvenile N. scutum. Dorsal Length 15mm, width 10 mm, height 5 mm ventral Photos by Barbara Myers 59, EXPERIENCES ON A TRIP TO HAITI AND V/ENEZUELA BY' DON PISDR Part I— Haiti I had planned on a shelling trip to the Caribbean for several months and had a difficult time deciding which islands to visit, Thr departure date was fast approaching so the decision was made to go to Haiti because of the numer- ous varieties reported from there. The second destingtion chosen was Peninsula de Paraguana and Amuay Bay in WeneiE^uBla, where Cypraea mus are found. For se- veral years I have had a yearning to go and try to find them, so this was to be my chance. My wife, Jeanne, and two boys were to spend a month with her parents in New Jersey, so I made the trip by myself. The flight to Haiti, with an overnight stop in Florida, was uneventful. Flying over the Caribbean with its sparkling, cleai; blue waters reminded me of the many hours I have spent diving them in the past years. It is quite differmt from diving in the San Diego area, I landed in Haiti in the evening not knowing where I would stay but did not expect any difficulties since that time of year is off-season — no tourists, I cleared customs with two young lad'S'^; from Southern California (one meets Cali- fornians traveling everywhere), Ue decided to share a taxi into Port-au-Prince, a fifteen minute, S5,00 ride. One of the girls spoke French, the national lan- guage, and my knowledge of French is limited to very few words, lilhen we obtained a taxi, our first minor obstacle arose. One taxi would not take us to two different hotels, (Hotels were chosen at the tourist bureau in the airport). So, to simplify matters, we all went to one hotel. Once there, another obatacle arose because of tie slight language barrier even though one of us spoke French, The desk clerk wanted to put the three of us in one room since we arrived together. It took guite a bit of explaining to get separate rooms, and several people gathered around at the commotion. It was actually an amusing situation and eventually everything got straightened out. The girls had an initial dislike of Haiti and left the next day. For my- self, however,, I was ready to find shells. Since I deal in shells as a hobby turned part-time business, I was interested in seeing what the local dealers had. I arranged for a guide and car to show me around. I found out later that I was lucky to have gotten a guide who knew what he was talking about and did know the ■ people with shells. The first day was spent looking at Haitian seafood leftovers — shells. Piles of conchs, helmets, — any shell that was available in sufficient quantities to be commercially collected by divers for the meat. Then I sat in the office while basket after basket of small shellp, were brought in for me to examine. It was a shell collector’s paradise. There were shells a collector alone could not find in a year. Most of the smaller shells were dead collected. It was my opinion that they were crabbed shells and were collected in fish traps, as many of the small shells are, I had anticipated diving and collecting shells myself but found that it was not practical on this trip, I did think I was going to have some beach collect- ing on my last afternoon. Two young men had heard that I was interested in shells and said they could take me to get some, I showed them a variety of shells and they verified that they could get those. So, off we went in a taxi first to the Native Market. While I waited in the car, the men went off and in a while came back with a few Oliva caribbaesnsis —fine. But, while waiting the car had a flat tire. The driver changed to the spare, which wasn't much better. Next stop was to have the flat fixed, then to get gas after running out. (Haitian drivers seem to have an aversion to putting more than a gallon of gas in their vehicles at one t ime) , 60 Moui, off to a small fishing village to get all the aforementioned shells. We managed to get there uilth only one more stop to have the tire fixed again. The fishermen did have shells — a feu Cassis f lammea that were excellent. After a feu minutes of bargaining, ue agreed on a price. The next destination uas a Haitian beach club about tuenty miles out of Port-au-Prince* Surprisingly, this stretch uas uneventful! The club is on a small bay off the beaten path. Actually, the last mile uas on a beaten path — through a cou pasture and field. The "club" consisted of a feu covered tables that looked as though ‘they uere used as recently as five years before, Dn the uay into the "club", ue picked up some Haitian men and boys from the village to shou us the uay. There uere eight or nine of us in and on the taxi, hlhen on the beach, (narrou, rocky uith broken shells), I shoued the men uhat I uas looking for; Strombus qallus, Cypraea zebra, and a feu others. In the meantime, the taxi driver left to get his tire fixed (again). Every- body but me expected him back in a half hour or so, I had a premonition.,. In the meantime ue looked for shells as the sun uas setting. The only shells I sau uere beached Strombus ranlnus and Area sp. The Haitians couldn't tell the difference betueen _S, qallus and _B, raninus , and brought in pockets full of beached 5. raninus , 1 patiently told my guides those uere not right and tried to point out the differences, I am sure they thought I uas crazy. By this time it uas almost dark so ue started ualking back to the highuay about tuo miles auay, l\Jo taxi at the hiqhuay, and my premonition that be taxi uould not return uas very strong, I told my guides that I uas noing to stop the next bus, uhich I did. The three of us crowded into the bus and uent hack to Port-au-Prince and the hotel. What I thought uas going to be a short outing to look at some shells, turned out to be seven hours of a continually more frustrating event, I had left the feu shells I got in the taxi and *.did not see them again. The taxi driver even had t: he nerve to send uord he uanted to be paid for the trip!! Needless to say, I didn't,. The next day I left Haiti enroute to Uenezuela and another chapter in the adventure. PROPOSED BY-LAWS CHANGE AS RECOMMENDED BY THE CLUB BOARD The Editor/Publisher of the FE5TIUUS ie, as you uell knou, one of the most demanding activities of the San Diego Shell Club. The Editor must seek good material for the monthly publication, and must also stay uell informed of future activities. The Board feels that the Club could function better, especially in the second aspect, if the Editor/Publisher uere a member of the Club Board. This can most simply be done by modifying Article V uhich deals uiith the Executive Board and by adding a section 2D to Article V/I uhich deals uith the duties of the Editorial Committee: Article U, Section 1 nou reads," The admini- stration of the affairs of the Club shall be vested in the Executive Board, uhich shall consist of the currently elected officers and the Club President of the calendar year immediately preceding." Add "and the Club Editor," In addition a Section 2D should be added to Article UI: "The Club Editor shall serve as a member of the Club Board," Special Offer to Shell Clubs: "As a pre-Christmas offer, "The Best of he Nautilus" by R, Tucker Abbott, ($13,95), uill be available at large discounts, if ordered in bulk, 3 to 6 copi.es, 20% off ($11,16) j 7 to 15 copies, 25, o off (iilB,46), over 15 copies, 40% off ($8.37), Postage paid...." ^ If interested, notify Bob Schoening at the October meeting. If there is sufficient response, the Club uill send in a bulk order. MINUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ Pictured below are two very similar mitrellid species byought back by the Amenpagos Expedition from the Galapagos Islandst In addition, a Nassarius fromtha same expedition is also pictured. The three specimens avs from the Jackie Grundman collection. Original photography and shell identifications were courtesy of Bert Draper, Black and white photographs were produced from the original 35 mm, colored, slides by Festivus staff photographer, Dave Mulliner The m trail a species are from the Family Columbellidae. Genus, Mitrella angulicoatis joins previously pictured Ngssarius from the Galapagos Islands brought by the Ameripagos Expedition (see Fesi Mitrella guttata (Sowerby, 1832) Length: 7 mm., Station ^31. Mitrella eleqans (Dali, 1871) Station Nassarius anqulicostis (Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932a) Length: 11,4 mm., Stpition *Ameripagos Collection Stations flk Intertidal to 10 feet, Punta Estrada, southeast side of Academy Bay, Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador,. (0O45'Q6"S,, 90°15'38”lij. ), March 5 19" #11 6-12 feet, Corona del Diablo, near Post Office Bay, Floreana Islmd, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, (lDl4»0"S,,90O27'30"bJ, ), March 16, 1971, #31 3-10 feet, cove on Duncan Island, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. (0°35*50”S 90°39»15"U,), March 25-26, 1971, ' , v du b.. DO YOU NEED PLASTIC BOXES ?????? I have the following sizes available for immediate delivery -- Contact Peg Mulliner 488-2701 # 15 1" X 1" X 3/8" .08 #215 2" X 1 1/8" X 3/8" .10 #315 2 1/8" X 1 5/8" X 5/8" .12 #780 2 7/8" X 2" X 3/4" .14 59 QL 401 F418 Moll. THE WILLIAM: H. DAi K S£CT'r.AiAL LIGkARY r)fV(S!ON GF MOLLUSKS SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 C mSA del pradu balboa park (Across from Natural History Museum) MEETS THIRD THURSDAY —7:30 P.M., ROOM 101. President: Bob Schoening Vice-President: Hugh Bradner Recording Secretary: Blanche Brewer Corresponding Secretary: John Smith Editor: Carole M. Hertz ANNUAL DUES: Single membership S3, DO; Family membership $4:00; Overseas surface $3,50; Student membership $2,00, Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o Martin Schuler, 5170 Baxter Street, Sen Diego, Cs, 92117, Uol, UII November 1976 No, 11 ♦**:*>^**:*;)r. ****>>:*** + *** + ******************* + * + *** *******=‘'* + ***=+*'^*^* + =!**** * * I PROGRAM: Dob Schoening will give a slide presentation on Dangerous Marine * * Life, Date: Nov, 18. Time: 7:30 Room 101, * jJj nginn from 30 feet to 8 feet, uiith the extremely cold water and often li^>- mited visibility, I wonder how northern novices ever become enthusiastic divers, I'm glad my diving started in southern Oalifornia, BOOH rJEiiJS The eagerly awaited MUREX 8HELL5 OF THE tiORLD by George Radwin and Anthony D'Attilio with photographs by David Mullinar, Stanford University Press, 1976, S35,D0, should be available any moment now. The book will be 350 pages with over 450 specimens illustrjted in full color r nd over 190 line drawings, Tf-iE MOLLUSCAU DIGEST has resumed publication with Uol. 4, Wos, 1-7, This first issue in the new series will be especially useful since it is an Index to Species Illustrated in the Hawaiian Shell News From 1960-1976, This index was compiled by Lloyd R, Dempster with an introduction on the use of the index. This issue will be placed with the Hawaiian Shell News in the Club library and will be available at the November meeting. The National Capital Shell Club has asked us to announce the following: "Receive complimentary is'^ue of the newsletter of the National Capital Shell Club of IJashington, D.C. Has wide interest for growing worldwide membership. Urite:: NCSC Editor, c/o Division of Mollusks, Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Uashington, D.C. 20560." 63 Rave: Two v/ieus of Modulus cerodes (A. ndams, 1851) Before heading back to the beach we discover Murex elenensis Dali, 1909, byria cumingi (Broderip, 1832) and Knefastia dalli Bartsch, 1944* In the afternoon John sets off to one of the nearby islands for a dive on scuiba while David and I shore collect among the turnable rocks. The deeper water about 50 ft, yields Strombus galeatus Swainson, 1323, Pecten vogdesi Arnold, 1906, Spondylus calcif er Carpenter, 1857, S_. urcioes . Berry, l959, Cypraea annettae Dali, 1909 and Trigonostoma goniostoma (Sov/erby, 1832 JT^ In the intertidal zone David and I find Theodoxis luteof asciatus filler, 1879, Heliacus bicanaliculatus (Valenciennes, 1832) , ddodulus cerodes (A. Adams, l85l) . Pusinus felipensis Lov;e, 1935, hadsiella petaloides (Gould, I846), R. tridentata Pilsbry, 1893 and ^ guatemalensis (Thiele, 1910T syn. Ishnochiton eucosmius Dali, 1919. ^ tjht Trigoniocardia (Mmericardia) bianqulata (Broderip & Souerby, 1629) Tuio views of Heliacus bicanaliculatus (l/alenciennes, 1982) 64 Also collected -- Intertidal Calliostoraa eximium (Reeve, 1843) one Nerita funiculata Menke, 1851 Modulus disculus (Philippi, I846) dead Astraea unguis ('Wood, I828) Nassarius iodes (Dall, 1909) Pararaetaria dupontii (Kiener, 1849-50) Colunbella. aureomexicana (Hov/ard, 1963) Subtidal to 25 ft« Argooecten circularis (Sowerby, 1835) Pinctada mazatlanica (Hanley, 1856) Atrina tuberculata (Sovverby, 1835) Codakia distinguenda (Tryon, 1872) dead Periglypta raulticostata (Sov/erby, 1835) dead Eupleura muricif ormis (Broderip, 1833) Solenosteira pallida (Broderip k Sowerby, 1829) ColuTibella strombif orrais Lamarck, 1822 Olivella dama (V-ood 1828, ex Mavve M.S.) Deep V.ater (50 ft«) Choma sordida Broderip, 1835 C, mexicana Carpenter, 1857 Strombus granuHatus Swainson, 1822 THE CLUE r:HRLr)TMA5 PARTY The Club Christmas Party will be held on Dgturday, Decsmbsr 11^ 1976 at the Cafe Del Rey More in Balboa Park. The party will begin laith 3 cocktail hour (no host) at 6:00 P.M. Dinner will be served at 7:00 P.M. and will include wine pro- vided by the Club, Menu: Tossed salad, Hot Rolls and butter Baron of bee'0,'!' r'ilffey; ^W'"P 'X: .tg> ;'.|^ ■■'W' f: . -tf' ; *:, S'ii '1% ■r .4- , ' ■ Aifft'.. ■■:; I ■f V': 3,!’3 '^ 'i ’ ■ ' ' -iflMv '■ ^/•’’ ' f • J t . • hi\ ’“^M, - ij,yr , ’ m •■'•„ , • ' «‘vi) ‘ :;i . :^1 ■ . -»r ... jrf.' fc.i, .=.j,.,.,i.&-:vrf,.,. ■K'^y I i til' MS ’•'i-'*'! /i',: ■' v'‘.i ■Vi^'''i’;ii5f . I *fcy, ; .. '>' ■ ' v'd; -d • .?•••<»,* >?i'’ -1 ■•/(;. ,■;•;■ , ',J|D:;j..>;:' >' ■;;■ 8 THE SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB « « FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 IVlOile MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA PARK ROOM 101, 7:30 P,M. President: Hugh Brsdner Vice-President: Billee Diluorth Recording Secretary :... ..June Wing Corresponding Secretary : .Martin Schuler Treasurer: Bob Schoening Editor: Carole M, Hertz ANOUAL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc,, c/o Bob Schoening, Treas. 2828 Flax Drive, Ban Diego, Ca, 92154. Single membership S3,DQj Family membership S4.00; Overseas surface S3. 50; Student membership $2,00, CLUB ADDRESS: Address correspondence other than dues to San Diego Shell Club, c/o 3883 Mt, Blackburn Ave,, Ban Diego, Ca, 92111, Vol, VIII February 1977 " No, 2 t t * Program! Tuila Bratcher uiill speah on "Shelling in Senegal--Part II'.' HerJ ; talk uill be accompanied by slides and she&ls of Senegal mill bg J on display. * ♦ * * Slides of the Club Christmas party will also be shoun, J ,^0ate: February 17, 1977 Time: 7:30 P.M. Room 101 * FROM THE JANUARY MINUTES Pres, Hugh Bradner called meeting to order at 7:45 and uelcomed all, introducing neu members and guests. Norm Currin, our speaker gave a most enjoyable program on 'Shelling in Senegal." Shells he collectad there were on display, (I'Jriteup follows) Un- fortunately, the projector bulb burned out before we could view the Christmas party slides. Next time? After refreshments, business meeting. Minutes of last meeting (Nov.) were approved. Treasurer's report shows a balance of roughly $400,00, It was moved and approved that the Club contribute $50,00 to the Veliger, $25,00 each for years 1976 and 1977, Hugh further explained the bonus shell drawing, (Details in Jan, FFSTIVUS) Special d.wwings will be at the March, July and November general meetings. Only paid-up members are eligible to win, based on meeting attendance. The monthly door prize drawings will continue, as usual. Botanical Foundation report was read. The annual plant sale will be May 28 and 29, Every member club is to participate. Articles made from shells, pertinent books and magazines are also requested for the Foundations weekly sales. Proceeds go to their Library Fund, Reminder of Club suction in April, Discussion on continuing the raffle. Action to be taken at February meeting. Discussion on possible shell show. Action to be taken at next meeting. Members are asked to think about the value □f a shoui, pnanimous participation, shell sales or not, logistics. List of books now in Club library are avalilSiblB through Barbara Myers. Sign-up refreshment list passed around. '^*eed stressed for cleanup personnel. HAMANN, Curt & Greg 1123 Walley Lights Dr* El Cajon, Ca, 9202D 444-7^9 NEy MEMBERS LINDEBREKKER, Lynn 6306 Lake Badin Aue, San Diego, Ca. 92119 465-1092 PELTDIM, Donald 2689 C, Street ^an Diegoy Ca, 239-5973 PICHFQRD, Sherry 5350 Wia Bello San Diego, Ca, 92111 278-1033 RDBERTSOIM, Mr, & Mrs, liJalter Jr, c/o London Associates 1137 Prospect Street La Jolla, Ca, 92037 CHANGE OF ADDRESS BROSIUS, George R. SMITH, John E, Depdt, Mail Sec, Box ,vll WF -121 APO San Francisco, Ca, 96301 MAS, Miramar San Diego, Ca, 92145 MINUTE SHELLS BY JULES HERTZ Featured belou are some additional minute shells brought back by the Ameripagos Expeditiont The shells are from the Jackie Grundman collection. Original photography and shell identifications uiere courtesy of Bert ^raper. Black and white photographs were produced from the original 35 mm. colored slides by FEii^TIWUS staff photographer, Dave Mulliner. The Fossarus purus Carpenter, 1864 is from the Family Fossaridae, which is a group of small shells generally neglected by authors. The Pedipes angulatus C ,B . Adams, 1852 is from the Fanily Melampidae (Ellobidae of authors). This belongs to the Subclass Pulmonata . Another species of this Family, Pedipes unisulcatus Cooper, 1866 is found intertidally in San Diego, Ca. It doesn't have the crowded spiral sculpture of P. angulatus . _P, unisioiylcat us reportedly has a range of Southern California to the Gulf of California and the Galapagos Islands, which overlaps the reported range of angulatus (Panama to the Galapagos Islands), Fossarus purus Carpenter, 1864 Height 2,4 mm.. Station #7 Pedipes angulatus . C ,B . Adams, 185 Height; 1,8 mm,. Station U1 * 3-10 feet, Sullivan Bay, Bartholome Island, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, (0°17'20"S., 90°33'30"y.) March 10-13, 1971. SHELLING IN SENEGmL By NDRMCURRIN Last summer while at my summer home in Maine, a phone call from Billee Diluorth alerted me to the possibility of a fall shelling trip to Africa. Seneoal was the country selected — chosen because of its variety of good shells. Although red tape and slow communications caused many delays in planning, the six of us involved went ahead with cur shots, passports, and up-dating of our diving and collecting equipment. Finally, in mid-October, the trip was A'-Okayed, and No- vember 15th found Twila Bratcher, Billee Diiuarth, Jackie Grundman, Marge and Hugh Bradner, and me, assembled at Los Angeles International Airport for an 8:00 A.M. takeoff on American Airlines: to New York, All of us tried hard to keep our luggage within the allowable forty-four pounds limitation, but the airline scales showed most of us woefully over. Twila, as our spokesman, did a superb job of convincing them that our diving gear was "sports equipment" (despite what their regulations book said) and we were finally permitted to pass. At two dollars for each overweight pound, it was impostant to all of us to get this ruling (although they warned us that it might be a different story on our return flight). So our luggage was checked through and we were on our way. At New York's Kennedy Airport we had less than two hours on the ground. During this interval we transferred to PanAm for the trans-Atlantic leg of our flight. Shortly after dark we were airborne, flying through the night to make a barely-dawn touchdown at Senegal's international airport at N'Gor. Despite a night with no sleep and a jet lag of eight hours time differential, we were ex- cited being there and anxious to see whjt this West African land of blue water, baobab trees, and (we hoped) bountiful seashells had to offer, Senegal is a small country in the tropic zone, twelve degrees notth of the equator. It occupies the southwest corner of Luest Africa's big bulge, A former French-ruled country, it has had independence since I960 and appears to have a well-run stable gave2?nment. The November climate is supposed to be ideal, with the summer rainy season just over and the winter drought just starting. Air tem- peratures are in the low eighties by day and low ses/enties by night, Uinter sea currents bring relatively cool waters to its shores. It has excellent variety in its seashells, many of which are endemic. Lie had reservations at the Hotel Meridien located at the village of N'Gor, eighteen miles from Dakar and only two miles from the airport. A hotel represen- tative was there to meet us and whisk us unchecked through customs and into a limousine for transport to the hotel. Instead of checking in at the huge high- rise Meridien, we were by prearrangement taken to the adjacent "le V/illage" — a cluster of bungalows in a grove of cedars. They were close to the sea but still in the shadow of the mother hotel. It took a bit of insistence on our part to get them to assign us bungalows directly on the water, but finally we; were un- packed and settled in the two most seaside of them all — the Bradners in a small one, the rest of us in a large bungalow next door. The grounds were host to countless foot-long lizards and brightly-hued birds. The bay was calm and bril- liant blue. Small waves broke lightly over the nearby reefs, lile liked it there — immediately . By 10:00 A.M, we were showered, squared aoay and breakfasted. And then — to bed for some much-needed sleep??? Nay! For the tide was ebbing and the sea was beckoning and, true shellers that we are, none could resist the urge to get out and see what was there. Lie started in immediately finding things. Good things! Shells none of us had ever taken before. Although no one found any Cypraea this first day, we all took a variety of cones (the most intriguing of which were the striking Conus mercator) , Marginalia (the bright red or oranoe Marqinella aurantla, brown and white striped monilis , and golden yellow exilis ) , and a variety of Tha is^Murex, Nassarius , T equ£a , Nerita, Epitonium, etc. It was good hunting and we were all thrilled to be there, shelling along the coast of 11 the fabulous dark continent. That afternoon ue walked down to the willeqe of IM'Gor. liJe noticed first the grace and beauty of the native Senegalese people. They were tall in stature (even the women averaged close to six feet), graceful in carriage (their custom of toting huge jugs and bundles on their hsads-“no hands — was undoubtedly re - sponsible for this), i?nd fins of feature (full lips, straight narrow noses, and ebony-black velvet-textured skin), We were in full agreement that these blacks were truly beautiful. We marvelled at their hairdos of tight curls and intricate braids. Both men and women wore flowing robes or "boubaus"--in soft tones or rich colors they were equally attractive. Our impressions of the village which is situated at the very westernmost tip of the continent, were of densely clustered white clay structures, narrow dirt lanes serving as streets, countless children (mast of them following us, either from curiosity oS to try to sell us seed-pod beads or leather thong san- dals), goats and pigs and other livestock reaming freely, ill-smelling stalls where fish and other edibles were vended, and, close to the hotel, the shell shop. We found the shell shop proprietor to be a handsome, well-educated ocean- ograpber. He and Brad struck up an immediate friendship because of their allied professions (plus the fact th.at Brad and Marge both speak French well), Maguette rj'Diaye became a friend to all of us and we were later treated to a native fish and rice dinner, hotly spiced, at his home. He was proud to show us the oceano- graphic studies building which is under construction at the south end of the village. During our two weeks* stay we all made several trips to his shell shop. That evening a group of native dancers put on a fire dance at the nearby clubhouse. It was a thrilling spectacle and their wild gyrations and fire-spewing antics made us truty realize we were in Africa, Later we had dinner at the hotel's beachside restaurant. The food was good but expensive. It was difficult to or- der a meal for under ten dollars. An omelette for four dollars seemed in many cases to be the easiest and cheapest way to go. Wine was very high, and hard liquor just about prohibitive in price. Their monetary unit is the African franc — 230 francs to a U.B, dollar. Our bungalows were more than adequate. They were roomy and well ventilated with large windows opening toward the sea. The fairly modeifen plumbing was work- able, with plenty of hot water. The walls were light yellow plaster. The roofs were thatch. Our roomboy kept the tile floors immaculately clean despite our efforts to cover them with sand, salt, seaweed, and shells, Uie were advised to keep our quarters well locked whenever we were not around, for many of the young children from the village will watch until there is an opportunity to check for an unsecured door or window. Hotel guards try to keep close watch on all bunga- lows, but the kids are Iricky and will try any ruse to get money or valuables, liJe were told they are never violent, but just can't resist the urge to take some- thing if they can get sway with it. For this reason whenever we dived we would hire a young man to guard our items left ashore. Our first night we all retired early. Lie had, after all, no sleep the night before. And the eight hour tirie lag had our systems thoroughly confused, we would sleep for a feu hours, then be wide awake for a spell, liie did not, however, let this interfere with our shelling, and the next few days of extreme tides found us out over the S^eefs and sand patches by day, and night diving until the wee hours during the midnight low tides. Our bungalows were less than a hundred feat from the ocean, hie had a gor- geous view of the bay, the ocean, several islands, and the expansive reefs. The remarkable feature about these reefs was t he complete lack of coral — not even a gorgonian to be seen. It was all black, hard, heavy rocks, but rocks in such jumbled profusion that there were plenty of turnables for everyone. The water was clear and warm enough that an eighth-inch wet suit was adequate, except on our last two days when the sea temperature dropped noticeably and it was really quite chilly— perhaps sixty-eight degrees or less. The only real haaard 12 to our calleCting uas the abundance of sea urchins. Their spines seeaiBd to be much less toxic than others ljb had encountered elsewhere, but several of us had portions of our anatomies punctured sufficiently to affect our movements for a day or two, I slipped and rammed the calf of my leg into une. For a few days I limped a lot. Billee lost her balance end sat on one. For a few days she stood a lot,. For several weeks an occasional spine would work its wy to the surface and have to be popped out, but generally speaking they seem to lack the infectious qualities of other urchin spines. During daylight collecting I never saw a moray eel or stingray, but during night dives they were much in evidence. They were easy to avoid and presented no real problem, Jackie, on one of her night dives, brought up a beautiful Murex osseus qambiensis. Other than that, I believe we found no shells at night which we had not taken during daylight searching. Shells which might be hiding under rocks or in sand by day were up and crawling about by night. On our first trip to Dakar we took our diving gear .jod rode the ferry out to the lie de Boree, three miles offshore. On the boat a young man with a friend- ly smile walked up to me and asked if I wore .American, Jim Barry was white, red headed, and obviously American too. He lived on the island while awaiting ac- ceptance by an African college. He is an Fjrtist, making a living by painting batiks — a method of painting on wax-coated textiles — in partnership with a young Senegalese couple. His one-room quarters became our home on Boree, and he proved to be an excellent friend to all of us, liie found Boree to loe o delightful spot — quaint and picturesque. It was the scene of the filming of "The Buns of Mavarone", A fortress guards the entrance to Dakar harbor at the seaward end. At the other end a circular brick-walled prison :oets at the water’s edge — the grim internment quarters for captured slaves while they awaited shipment to the colonies , The coast of Boree is rocky and the sea rough, but once you qet in and away from the dangerous surge the diving is okay, with the ocean depth ranging from fif^jeen feet on down. Some of Jim’s young friends joined us in cur divino. They had no wet suits to wear, but would stay in the water longer than we--un- til their black skin turned blue from the cold. Dakar, with its population of over half a million, is the capital of Senegal, The downtown area has modern streets, shops, and buildings. The outlying areas ere more like our village of (M’Eor, There are large market areas where all kinds of edibles and crafts and materials may be bargained for. And baiggaining is a way of life with these people. They invariably quote a first price at least twice as much as they expect to get. It is up to you to argue them doiuo, Every- one speaks French, The natives also speak their native language of Duolof and they are immensely pleased if you greet them in their native tongue. Cur "Balaam malacum" greeting would always bring a wide grin and their "Mslacum salaam" re- sponse, liJe learned "lilow" for yes, and "Didit" for no. That seemed to be all we really needed. They were very friendly to us and we much favored riding their crowded buses to taking taxies. On our third day a little featherless nondescript bird came upon the scene and found its way into our lives and hearts. Jackie rescued him from a hotel guard who had picked him up where he had fallen from a nest. She immediately made a soggy gruel of grits and grapenuts while I followed suit with a spoonful of raisin bran, and we started a program of force-feeding the tiny creature. My inverted dredge served as a caoe, with a twig placed crosswise for a perch. The bird was quick to accept us as his adopted parents and grew fat and feathery at an almost-see-him- grow rate. As his feathers developed we were able to tell we had a wild dove — very similar in coloration to our mourning doves. As our two week itinerary progressed, we began to wonder if Dickybird would be able to shift for himself when we departed. After much showing how, we finally got him to peck and eat without outside help — an accomplishment which brought cheers of gratification from everyone. On his own feeding schedule he peck, peck, pecked all day, overate and didn't feel too well all the nest day, Bradually 15 he learned to fly about the bungalouj. Despite uide open uindous and dopjrs, he ijjQul'd never venture outside, evidently feeling the wide world was not for him. Ue would olace his cage out on the ground and he learned to pick up seeds like other birds, lue even got him to fly up into the branches of trees. But the bungalow was home and back he'd come, Uur last day there we spent rnorst of t‘ n d&y sfiooiiig him outside. He liked people and that was it. Ue left .there with the hope that other guests will appreciate having a wild dove flying in and out, and will let him make himself at home in their bungalows. They'll speak to him in French, which he may not understand, but, because of our paren- tal fondness for the little guy, we truly hope they'll be kind to him, f\iot a day went by that wasn't principally occupied with shell collecting. In sandy areas we used hand dredges to bring up Massarius , Marginella., Cancellaria , Terebra, Dentalium, Uliva , and a number of other univalves npd bi- valves, Ue probed the rocky areas for Cypraea, finding Cypraea lurida, lurida minima, stercoraria , pyrum, zonaria, and the rare pet it iana and sanquinolenta . Billee came up with, for Senegal, the rarest of them all — a Cypraea spurca atlantica 1 Extremely rare there, this shell is quite common in other localities, □f no special value to Billee, she was able to exchange it with a local collector for a vary choice alternate. Because of the variety of Marginella there, we all found ourselves develop- ing an interest in adding the family Moroinellidae to our collections. Brilliant and glossy as Cypraea, they are equally as beautiful and varied in both pattern and coloration, Marginella aurantia and glabella, two very brightly hued species unfortunately do not retain their blood-red coloration. In just a few days they would fade to reddish-brown — still very attractive but not nearly as striking as when first taken, Ue found Marginella on rocks, under rocks, on sand, -^nd in sand. They cleaned easily after a day in alcohol. One day we hired a taxi to take us down to a river-mouth village which is known as a fine collecting area for the l^rge ond attractive Murex (Phyllonot us ) duplex. Ue timed the eighty mile trip to Joal so that we arrived several hours before low tide. This gave us time to walk the long footbridge over to the lie de Fadiouth-=-a cluster of native homes on a sandbar in the middle of the river. Many of the villagers had supplies of shells spread out on the ground for tour- ists to buy— mostly Murex duplex and several species of Cymbium. Ue elected not to buy them, for our plans were to find our own. But we had not reckoned on the business attuteness of the villagers, for no one would give a hint as to where to go to find the living shells. None of the pirogue drivers would t ike us there,. Finally we hired two young men to pole us in their pirogue a mile down- stream to the mouth of the ritrer. From there we walked several miles over wide stretches of open beach. It was obviously not Murex territory, althouch several strasfys were (licked up. Ue took a variety of other shells, such as Terebra sene- galensis, T urritella unqulina, Cymbium plans , Cambium pepo, Semifusus morio, and several varieties of Natida. Oliva. Marginella. and bivalves. Several hours later, back at the village, we bought our Murex from the natives. Ue enjoyed the trip down and back, especially through the forests of baobab trees. The huge gnarled trunks of the baobabs are hollow in the center and for countless years the natives have interred their dead by placing the bodies inside the trees. The spirit then becomes part of the tree. No trees are permitted in- side the villages in order to keep the spirits out. This practice has its un- sanitary aspects and the government has recently forbidden it, but it is diffi- cult to control and is still done in most of the outlying villages. The fruit of the baobab is sold along the roadsides. Ue all tried' eating it and enjoyed the pithy lime-flavored pulp— until we heard the story of the strange burial r_ites.^ Our taxi driver bought some goods along the way and asked if we minded if he dropped them off for his family as we passed by the outskirts of Dakar. He stopped at a small house and delivered half his supplies to an attractive woman and her children, then drove on to a nearby house to unload the remainder. He grinned and explained proudly that both women were his wives. Havino an ex- tra wife or two is a mark of social distinction in this polygamous country. Nor- 14 riolly tha uoman live together in one home, hut unfortunately *or our driver^ his tu)0 uives didn't get along. So he hefid the expense of running tuo oepsrate households , Jackie Grundman proved herself to be a person no well-organized expedition should be without. Through her efforts we were treated to - fabulous Tp,..n':3- giving oanguet, even though we were prepared to let the holiday nass unnoticed. She had a turkey flown in from France, as well as all the trimmings, from cran- berry sauce to pumpkin pie. Catered by the st^ff of a neqrby elegant niohtclub restaurant, we ;jeven had champagne and entertainment! It was a gre-t feset and we invited some of our friends there to join us in the celebration, Tt other times Jackie wculri whip uo a -seal for 'ny or ill of us, m=>de ^rcm: fier own home-dried supply of dehydrated vegetables, meats, and fruits. To the dry ingredients she would aria water, plus spicss or other flavoring, =nd I'ould cook it on her tiny, purse-sized Gasoline stove. In a remark-bly f ewi minutes — • Voile!!! — e full ccurse dnner. nd delicious!! Pny time she was off on her amn, she node friends out cf strancsrs, 'nd they always turned cut to be good friends to h^ve. Through ;;ne s^'e orocured a pair of valuable primitive nntigue spe^’rs, iiO ? pair of -'Ocient ebony m-sks. Througn another she was sole to buy a Kora--a hune stringed nusiccil instruno-nt wnich sofinds somewhat like e !iarp. It is constructed from a two-foot oiameter gouro over which snimal skins ere stretched oo oive tone and rescnsnce to toe many strings. At other times the hctol c :Ok W: s happy to use his huge kettle to cook i;ur loroest shells--at Jackie's requost, Dn one shopping trip she befriended a young man uhc had just been robbed. He seemed to oe well educated, spoke English, and needed money so wire his mother for financial helo. In exchsnoe for nis services carrying her bundles, Jackie paid for the felegram. tihen Jackie nd "Sob" arrives at the bungalows. Marge made tne observation that ttioh Jackie's luck the nan wculd turn out to be a prince. A prince he wasn't, but he certainly couldn't have come much closer. His mother owned a fleet of 1!^0 buses — the major busline in Liberia, r-,nd his uncle was the Liberian president. Bob was in Senegal on vacation no became a daily visitor, we even taught him how to collect shells. Shortly after we first arrived, a ynung and extremely attractive French couple appeared on the scene. They were shell collectors I'lho had a correspond- ing acquaintance with Twila, although they had never met, Je^n de Farseval and his charming wife, Sylvie, contacted Twila our first day there and we s~n:j them often during our stay. Lne evening they h--d ail of us to their "ame in Thies, near Dakar, for dinner, A most enjoyable evening, it was climaxed by their giving us a large box of really choice local snells, wnich we I'-'ere to divide as we saw fit. The following evening we set up our own snell game to equitably divide tnem. First we laid out all the one-of-a-kind shells. Then each of us drew a number, from six coins numaered idth y fait pen, to determine his turn at selecting a shell. Then numbers were drawn again, and again, until all the single shells were gone. This method w^s repe. ted with the shells wfvich had duplicates, unti^ finally all the shells were taken. This shell g .me took up the entire evening and we had an absolute ball doing it, be all fait we hud numerous fine additions to our collections, and we all marvelled at the gener- osity of the de Parsevels. Regretfully, as the end of the micnth drew near, our stay at Senegal had to end. Twilight wa» dej^cending cn our little thatched bung-lows as ue finished cur packing. Lie shooshed Dickybird out the window for the last time, hcping he'd find haven in the nea&by friendly cedars, Jules, a local young native who had assisted Marge when she inadvertently had trespassed on forbidden territory at a nearby military comimiondo training camp, brought over a huge bowl of poisson bulette for our Dinner, UJe ail squatted around the bowl, broke French bread, and, native style dipped in afad ate with relish. Then Jim Barry came with African incense and ocher rnementcs for each of us. The de F-rsevals, bearing bottles of champagne, joined the group, Jean presented each of us with a choice Cypraea petit iana — again a most generous gift. Our Liberian friend, Bob, arrived and stayed with us until we'‘were on the plane, Twila 's dressmaker cane 15 with some gorgeous boubous for her to try on, for everyone's approval, Jackie's packers were there, and carried off the crates of museum pieces she had amarsed. Utter and delightful confusion reigned the entire evening until finally, at mid- night, me had to load our luggage and ride to the airnort. -'t the Fen’i.m desk me faced our greatest challBnrje-“9xce3s weight, 'ue had been usrned that the return tax was four dcllers for each "xcess poiiind, and if we were heavy coming- ever, we were worse returning. (with all our shell ;jnd sou- venir acquisitions), Twila and Billee faced up to the task of trying tc con- vince them that we shouldn't have to pay the excess tariff, ,nd again, ;dthough it wasn't easy, their perseverance won nut. The desk clerks yielded to their logic and reluctantly declared our excess weight to be "Jnorts equipment". Finally, at 1;3D U.M., we boarded cur pl'^ne nd headed west t'r-r home. Customs in New York was a snap, ,,-nd shortly before noon we I'^nded in Los nneles, sleepless but somehow not tired. Lie were still exhilBrated and riding high on the feeling th, t this tri[i hud, in all ways, for all of us, been the best ever. FOR YUUR INFLiRMATIQN The Club's annual PotLuck and Auction will be held at the home of Marge and Hugh Bradner on April 23, 1977 at 6:00 P.M. It is not too early to choose your specimen shells for the Auction, It is asked that shells be in good condition with as complete collecting data as possible. Bing your shells to the February meeting or contact a board member. NOTICE: Marty Schuler is preparing a shell exhibit for the Mesa College Library for the month of March, Anyone willing to lend "showy" shells for this display (to be in locked cases) please call Marty at 274-6541, DUES ARE DUE! Those who have not paid their dues (rates on masthead) by the March meeting will not be included in the roster sent out with the April issue. The Club library has just received THE BEST CF THE NAUTILUS by R, Tucker Abbott, It will be available for circulation at the February meeting and reviewed in a future issue of the FESTIUUS. The FESTIUUS needs your articles. Your publications is only as good as the mem- bers want it to be — -by their contributions. Send (or dictate) your articles to Carole Hertz. There will be a shell raffle at the February meeting. Dne good shell will be ^raffled that evening. Following, there will be a discussion and decision on continuing or abandoning the monthly raffle. ' W. ■ ■^ . , ■■ ■ " '-jtf •if?i : '’' ^ *• v'M^ i' ' . Pi'-Jt* ■■(■,: Pr&-, .\T:,isnk7 'ii^^ :,'i3r}0/lu:eid t'h ' V'.4'‘*r-'. , '■ r ■ ' $,CCfe'rrt2\;Je, - Tr.Q dwts of !?''£' fuo'tlfn I ■ !n ^efn>n;«l, • Dr«tar»!iv ■ r. J i , < 0 n -- ^ ■& t i c i £ ' *jri ’ ’■ ''ii:-.,! QOHD tifrtg ■»«> > I Ouainess uoft: ^-ttt ' ,?T'-<'^rr' '-fonSiVSnii LC r.'i-. •. r, n. V '•'V# ,, k: -^I ^ 1. i f Our.": ■'■*■■ ** '^3'^^'"’' ■'■■'''«^.. A'l'v.'f '■■;:t;v-',rn tA;>; T/.iiit' v.-i'*r;ts •» Tii'U-. -?n.l jill^ib f'isasri-tj^ tio ‘ ' > r, :,V4. .tildn*?. :'{■«• .P'S'?'' •-, !■' '.Aa;' uf'rAiv'iTAn'Cl* ujo-n, ^-' -t-tA ■ ■.»;.. '. jrit-ty deCl'iTifd OUT gxcs*“.-s tif0j.Ql^t .'.'fed '■•&.$■ V * \r. " * ’ ■ ■■--^ ■ '•■ ^.:.-.^T.'. - 'r ' Vu.ri< .i b sr-p, . nz3 -:-hort^ V it rii;no{,. no-A tir;>.cj\ ..Ue wu;- iifvii iar?>fiwte# A i; irii; n>?cf, 1:n ^IX ^or ^ " ■ “■ -•?*<.-fi.,:r..yiji^,i II. i«>j,ii r-j« v^Lii^ iiAFsinnf'f rcf^-^ ;:'A;av . : * -3Mua« X PotLUck j?nd Aucl. iort wlXl ne h^ld, -3i ADTil ?*=)f .;t £:00 It H mt''taa ^ •■•:sJ •. . A.~y tpp It, 1'9 asked sins3)l3 • ■• ■•mr- 1 iwi-lBrUny data m pdsslblre.. Otn.g ytjdr. shelxs t.at/ : -.1 .. . .'1'! ,y;rf gr^^'fd -rhsmfcar.^ /' ■- , ■ ' . I'rfit.iiv;? M •-r»nnr1,f)y b st^sVI fprAtbSj Hes® V •• /'A- . y>vi^yr‘ . '- iyana ulXiHr*g to' ishej- ^Nslits'' ; ■• ■ ■ vk .:.: r 'U-^P Tf^ll Marty , A _ , ■ ' ■' ■■ '■■ -A:- -^ , :' A J'Jt!; TtOi". ;• *.«.’-.a "-'.£' nal p.-?ld xPeir -li ' = - O' Di? iucXud^A tb« Tm^&T 3f' '-■aa ' J5t''^r'4o*ved TM.t 'B5$T ill?: TH-C' . ' ^\v ■. : : ■ -. iA Fa.- r^r^vKi>ii^i»ptn thd s ,v>f . - KU-iTT m,.. ■• ■■ . ■ -.= ' y .. • . -' I ^ y ’-v'. » ', ' ' .' ■ ' -■ ~V.7 ' :H' ‘ ■’ ; :;j'-.'U-,' tQC?x ift pytlf •V' '•' t, P y i '■ c::- 1 '. :. 'id lafi dnp did t si't a )'■ ^,y a'u^' • A ,rA t ^ ■ K: fi'ie at ths' febru^ry -t^i^ ^vllo-.-A''l^_ thRre !,i‘iii, Pe » \ll'S6a»#i0]^v4i^ arVj Aih-a. mQnthl.v . , ■"■ ■■ - ■■ ■■ A' '■ y t» ’ f^p '■ . A'"i *'ii, / pyi^dk .d ■yA .&'%,•.' v/tiv’-' jifejA' i 1- 16 WiU_lAM !-!. DALL SECT! ON A I ! i-PAf^Y .H. FESTIVnS SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 meets third THURSD;-;Y CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA PaRH ROOM 101, 7:30 P.M. y. . President: Hugh Brsdner Billee Diluorth F’AI Q Recording Secretary .June Hing "**1^ Corresponding Secretary : .Mart in Schuler Treasurer: Oob Schoening iVlUU* Editor: Carole M, Hertz ANNU.-L DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o Bob Schoening, Treas. 2028 Flax Drive, San Diego, Ca. 92154. ^ ^ ^ Single membership S3. 00; Family membership '1,4.00; Overseas surface S3. 50; Student membership $2.00. ^ CLUB ADDRESS: Address correspondence other than dues to nan Diego ohell Cl , c/o 3083 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, Ca. 92111- Uol. UIII MARCH 1977 No. 3 ^*H;ik*****#^** + J^‘*****^***'*' + **>**** + + + * + ***’*‘*** + * + ******** + **’*^****************** t P9QGRAM: "A Shelling Diary of Retirees" is the topic for the talk by our I speakers, Forrest and Roy Poorman. I The Club uill have the first of its Bonus Shell Drauings this * month. The prize-~Cyprae3 mus . (You must be a member and pre- I sent to win), I Date: March 17, 1977 Time: 7:30 P.M, Room 101 I SAVE THE DATE! The Club Auction uill be on April 16, 1977 at I the Bradner's home, (The editor regrets the error in date in I last month's FESTIHU5). See inside for details. FROM THE FEBRUARY MINUTES Pres, Hugh Bradner welcomed the forty-eight people present. It was moved and seconded that the minutes of the last meeting as printed in the FESTIWUS be accepted. The date of the Auction to be held at the Bradners' on April 16 was confirmed. Shelling in Senegal, Part II, a very enjoyable and informative talk with slides, by Twila Bratcher was our program. Many shells collected from Senegal wer* on view. (An article by Twila will appear in a forthcoming issue. Ed,), A hilarious good time was had in viewing the slides of the Christmas party. At the business portion of the meeting, members were urged to give their Auction shell donations to Carole Hertz or any other Board member as soon as possible. Rose D'attilio, Botanical Foundation Rep, announced she had six tickets to sell to the Orchid Society show. Half of the proceeds from sale of tickets goes to the Botanical Foundation. Ue are all requested to contribute plants in pots # ■» # * ♦♦ * 17 af 4" across or larger for the Msy plant sale. Also, the Botanical Foundation sells a variety of used books and magazines every weekend in their library. If you can donate any to the Foundation, please label them as donated by the San Diego Shell Club, It was voted that the raffle continue monthly. One "good” shell will be raffled each month. Action on the possible Shell Show is tabled until further information is acquired, FUR YDUR IIMFCRMATIGIM Rdand and Kay Taylor would like to sell volumes 10-16 of the Ueliger as a set. All are complete. If interested, phone 274-2998, Marty Schuler has prepared a shell display now on view through March in the lobby of the library a't Mesa College, DUES hRE DUE! Those who have not paid their dues (rates on masthead) by the I end of March will not be included on the Club roster. This will be your last issue of the FESTIUUS. The Club will again participate in the Greater San Die^o Science Fair to be held in the Federal Building in Balboa Park from April 21-24. As in the past, the | Club will make an award to the upper division entry in the area of marine life that our Club judges deem to be the best. The winner will make a presentation to our Club and receive one of a choice of three books as his prize. The book selections, as in the past, are; Bernes', Invertebrate Zoology, Abbott's King- dom of the Seashell, or Ricketts & Calvin's Between Pacific Tides. The Club's annual Potluck and Auction will be held at the home of Marge and Hugh Bradner on April 16. at 6;UD P.M, Members' shell donations are urgently needed to make this affair the success that it- usually is. The March meeting is the last one before the Auction. If you cannot bring your shells to this meeting, make arrangements to get them to a Board member. It is asked that shells be in good condition with as complete collecting data as possible. Norm Currin and Bob Schoening will again be our auctioneers for this gala party, A map will follow with further details in the April issue. WHAT THE WAUES WA6HED IIM By JULES HERTZ Dn March 5, 1977, Carole and I poked around the rocks below Archer Street, in Pacific Beach, San Diego, Ca, For several days, the surf and wind had been high and on this day there was a -Q.7 low tide in the afternoon uiith relatively little wind. At the low tide zone, there wzs nothing unusual. However, in the pools in the high tide zone, there were many crabbed shells. Among these, were shells rarely found in San Diego (particularly at the Archer Street location). The most notable finds were Calliostoma canaliculatum (Lightfoot, 1706); Calliostoma qemmulatum Carpenter, 1864; Cglliostoma gloriosum Dali, 1871; Calliostoma supraqranosum Carpenter, 1864; Ucenebra f oveolata (Hinds, 1844); and Dphiodermella ophioderma (Dali, 1908). Several live Norri sia norrisi (Sowerby, 1830) were seen, each with several Crepidula norrisarium Williamson, 19U5 on their sheila, Dn the following day, we beachcombed at Birdrock, Ban Diego, Ca, (slightly north of Archer Street). Although we looked carefully along the high tide zone, we found nothing unusual. 18. EXPERIENCES DIM A TRIP TO HAITI AND WENEZUELA BY DON PISQR Fart II — Venezuela* The trip from Haiti to Venezuela went via Aruba, since Aruba has the closest large airport to thq area of Venezuela that I wanted to visit — Amuay Bay, the home of Cypraea mus and other shells. A ferry travels between Aruba and Punto Fijo, a few miles from Amuay Bay. I had to spend a few days in Aruba awaiting the ferry which only makes this trip twice a week. Not one to sit in a hotel, I rented transportation and went sightseeing and shell collecting, Aruba is very dry and flat, with the exception of the very few hills that are primarily on the west side of the island. Collecting shells either by beachcombing or diving is best along the south coast from Oranjestadt to the west end. From the west end and along the north coast diving would be very im- practical because of the constant trad^winds, strong current and very jagged coral cliffs about six feet high, I had no luck at all finding shells snorkeling; the water was silty and the bottom covered with this fine silt. I was told that this condition was unusual, I did have better luck beachcombing at one small beach on the north coast (there are very few), I found a few beach Conus hieroglyphis («armillatus ) in very good csndition. These shells are difficult to obtain live because they apparently live in that rough environment on the north shore of Aruba, The ferry ride to Punto Fijo was uneventful^ and I was very glad to meet a couple from Alabama. The wife grew up in the Amuay Bay area and told me about the place even though she didn't know anything about shells. Since she spoke Spanish, she was also a very big help going through customs and getting a taxi to take me to my destination. Once in my hotel, I called a friend. Bob Pflug, with whom I had been ex- changing shells. About two weeks earlier I had written to him that I was plan- ning to come to Amuay Bay, But true to the postal services, my letter arrived the day after I did. Bob was surprised to hear from me — and especially that I was there. He came down to the hotel and took me right out to see Amuay Bay and showed me where to find the Cypraea mus and Voluta musica. I later met the Pflug family and spent several enjoyable hours with them. during the week. When in an unfamiliar place, knowing someone makes the stay much more enjoyable. My collecting at Amuay Bay started:, the next morning while it was relatively cool. It never gets cold there, and is hot by 8:00 A.M., as well as very windy. I did not dive as Billee Dilworth, Twila Bratcher and Ed Petuch had done a few weeks earlier. I waded and found the Cypraea mus in shallow water no more than waist deep. Many Cypraea mus were on eggs. (None of the shells on eggs were taken). The C, mus select half a bivalve on which to deposit their eggs and then sit there, apparently until the eggs are hatched. I do not know if they leave to eat during that time or not, I saw many on eggs and upon investigating a few, observed that some had newly hatched C. mus from about 1/8 to 1/3 inch still in the nest. It is my opinion that there is no definite mating season, but that it occurs year round. I saw C. mus in all stages of growth during my visit. Collecting by wading in Amuay Bay is a very dirty pastime. The water, as you will remember from Twila Bratcher's article in the September 1976 issue of the FESTIWU5 i% not clean. The bottom is grass and very soft mud. One sinks three to six inches or more in the mud if not on the grass. Visibility is about two feet maximum in the morning and deteriorates rapidly to a few inches— 3 skin divers paradise! 19 Amuay E-iay Cypraea mus The shells I found in the same area as Cypraea mus were Murex marqaritensls (=glob05U5 ) and an occasional Murex chrysostoma. In the vicinity of Amuay City there is a small bay that harbors Woluta musica. These are elusive creatures, I made two trips in the early morning to catch the loiu tide hoping to find them. An hour's drive to get to the shelling area by 5:30 A.M. is no fun especially uhen only three volutes were found each day! The departure from Punto Fijo was uneventful^ and I expect the five hour delay in leaving was probably typical. That put arrival at Aruba at 2:00 A.M, This should have been a warning to me of what was coming. However, I was too tired to be concerned and wanted as much sleep as possible before having to be at the airport at 8:00 A.M. Upon checking in at the airport, I discovered that the travel agency in Qranjestadt had not changed my reservations as they had said they would, Without going into the details of the hassles that our group of about ten went through before leaving Aruba and Curacao, it took twelve hours to get back to Miami instead of the usuel four. This ended a very interesting trip, . As I look back, it was an enjoyable one with many unforgetable , and now humorous moments, * Pert I of this article appeared in the October 1976 issue of the FESTIVLC. [\1EU1 MEMBbRS STOWELL, Christopher & Linda 9755 Austin Drive Spring Walley, Ca, 92077 462-4653 CHAMGE DR ADDRESS KITTSMILLER, Don 29 Mahan Circle Minriv Park Charleston, 5.C. 29408 MINUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ Belou are figured a series of miscellaneous minute species brought back by the Ameripagos Expeditioni The shells are from the Jackie Grundman col- lection, Original photography and shell identifications were courtesy of Bert Draper, Black and uhite photographs mere produced from the original 35 mm, colored slides by FESTIV/US staff photographer, Dave Mulliner, T ricolia diantha McLean, 1970 Height: 1,8 mm.. Station #1 The Delonovolva specimen pictured above is purplish brown with a pale outer lip. The T ricolia diantha are pinkish white shells with reddish brown spotting, and the Bulla morgana is a white shell with pink overtones, ♦Station Ul\ 3-lD feet, Sullivan Bay, Bartholome Island, Galapagos Island Ecuador. (D°17'2D"S., 90°33 ' 3D"UJ, ) March lD-13, 1971, 21 BOOK REUIEliJ By CLIFTurJ L. MARTIN The Best of the Nautilus, edited by R. Tucker Abbott, Compiled as a malacoloRlcal tribute to the American bicentennial celebration this book is a condensed history of American malacology. Taken from the pages of The Nautilus, which began publication under the name, The Conchologists Exchange , July 1886, Dr. Abbott has assembled a book of great interest as well as a source of malacological history. Of the vast number of papers published in The Nautilus in the ninety years of its existence Dr, Abbott could hardly have made better selections than those he has published. Well-balanced between papers pertaining to mollusks of the two coasts it also strikes a fair balance between papers pertaining to marine mollusks and terrestrial species. The authorship of papers published is a virtual *Who's Who' in American malacology during the past century. It Includes such names as Fred Baker, William J. Clench, Walter Elyerdam, Charles Hedley, Josiah Keep, T. S, Oldrpyd, Axel Olsson, C, R. Orcutt, Charles T, Simpson, and many others. The reader will immediately notice differences between papers written by the earlier workers and those of today. Most of the papers Dr. Abbott has published were written before such journals as The Nautilus established rules of compliance with the Style Manual for Bio- logical Journals. The earlier papers were often spiced with digressions, personal opinions, bits of humor, etc., to give them a personal touch. As necessary as today's rules may be it is regrettable that so much had to be sacrificed in the interest of progress. In addition to the papers collectors will be especially interested in the many advertisements which are published. A very worthy salute to our Country's 200th birthday. LUy TIDES FGR THE NURTHERN GULF OF CALIFQflNiA THROUGH JULY 1977* (Tides under -4.0' are not listed unless another lou on the same day is -4,0' or below. Time is Mountain Standard.) MARCH APRIL MAY 18 7;30 A.M. -3,0' MAY 4 8:30 A.M. -6,0' 7:30 P.M. -4.0 8:30 P.M. -2,0 19 8:00 A.M. -4.0 \ t 5 9:00 A.M. -5.0 8:00 P.M. -3,5 5 9:30 A.M. -4.0 3 7:00 A.M. -4,5 31 6:30 A.M. -4.5 7:00 P.M. -4,0 JUNE 1 7:00 A.M. -5.0 4 8:00 A.M. -6.0 2 7:30 A.M. -5.5 8:00 P.M. -4.0 3 8:30 A.M. -5.0 5 8:30 A.M. -6.0 4 9:30 A.M. -4.0 8:30 P.M. -3,0 29 6:00 A.M. -4.0 6 9:00 A.M. -5.0 30 7:00 A.M. -5.0 7 10:00 A.M. -4.0 JULY 1 8:00 A.M. -5.0 1 6:30 A.M. -4.0 2 8:30 A.M. -4.0 6:30 P.M, -2.0 3 9:00 A.M. -4.0 2 7:00 A.M. -5,0 7:00 P.M. -3,0 *Dur thanks i to Margaret Mulliner for pre- 3 7:30 A.M. -6,0 paring thi ■s tide listing for the FESTIUUS. 7:30 PiM. -3,0 22 THE will! AM f-!. ■ SONAL OfViSiOiN! GA MOLLUSKS DALtJ ! !APARy lA SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 ,-A%cKA meets third THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA P.^RH Rt]0M 101, 7:30 P.M. QL ^ President: Hugh Brsdner V/ice-President : Billee Diluorth STa/1 1 O Recording Secretary .June King ^ 1 W Corresponding Secretary : .Mart in Schuler Treasurer: Bob Schoening iVlUli* Editor: Carole M, Hertz ANNUAL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc,, c/o Bob Schoening, Treas. 2828 Flax Drive, San Diego, Ca. 92154. Single membership 33,00; Family membership $4,00; Overseas surface S3, 50; Student membership $2.00, CLUB ADDRESS: Address correspondence other than dues to San Diego Shell Club, c/o 3683 Mt , Blackburn Ave,, Ban Diego, Ca, 92111, Uol, UIII April 1977 No. 4 * ♦♦♦♦♦♦*>*:**>|<>(<*+ + + * + *>(<*** + * + + * + + *** + =t'* + *** + *********’''****** * + ***************** i * * EOME TO THE AUCTION/POTLUCK! ! The auction uill be on April 16, 1977 at ♦ * the home of Hugh and Marge Bradner, If you have not donated your shells * * or signed up for the potluck, contact a Board member immediately. See J * last page of this issue for map to the Bradners and details about the ; * auction. * i^^^i^:^c^i^^i^0*:tii^:l^**r¥*^**********>^*’^********************************************** FROM THE MINUTES Thirty-tujo people were present at the March 17, meeting held at the Casa Del Prado. Roy Poorman, with Forrest handling the projector, presented a very interesting talk on their adventures in Mexico. (An article will follow in the May issue. Ed,). During refreshment break, Marty Schuler conducted an informal Cone naming contest . The business portion of the meeting followed. The minutes of the last meeting as written in the March FESTTWUS were accepted. Pres. Bradner reminded committee chairpeople to have alternates. Reminder of Club auction/potluck on April 16,. Bhells are needed. Sigmjp sheet passed around for potluck food. (For further information, contact a board member). The Western Society of Malacologists will have their annual meeting in June. Tony D'Attilio announced the Orchid Show coming up the last weekend in March, asking us to attend and asking for a cake for the opening night festivities. Marge Bradner graciously offered. Billee bHuorth asked us to bring unusual forms of shells for an informal display at the May meeting~-dBformities , color changes and the like. Billee also reported that she is taking orders for the new Murex Shells of t? e Uorld by Radwin & D®Attilio which she can get as a discount. liie had our usual door prize proceedings and the raffle. Most important, we had the bonus shell drawing, using the last three attendance sheets, Ivan Thompson won the Cypraea mus. Yes, he did attend the two previous meetings. MII^UTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ Ue continue this month uith tuio more shells broucht back by the Ameripsqos Expedition! The shells are from the Jackie Grundman collection. Original pho- tography and shell identifications ujere courtesy of Bert Draper. Black /jod white photographs were produced from the original 35 mm, colored slides by FESTIUUS staff photographer, Hullinsr. The shells below are interesting because they have wide distribution. Wolv/ar ina taeniolata taeniolata Morch, 1360 is found from Point Conception, California to Salinas, Ecuador while Volv/arina taeniolata rosa (Schuengel, 1938) is from the Galapagos Islands, The latter is supposed to differ from the typical form by having a bright, pink color shell with spiral banding only faintly de- veloped. Ex.-.-imin-^3tion of the original 35 mm. colored slide shows two of the bands on the body whorl to be very distinctive with two others subdued. The color is an orange-brown on a white background. \j_. taeniolata taeniolata is quite common intertidally in San Diego, ualifornin under rocks. Comparison with ^lells in the author's collection indicates the shell pictured below to be taeniolata taeniolata. The only obvious difference is a slight difference in color. The shells found in San Dieoo have a more brownish color ^nd are sometimes gray. The banding of the San Diego shells are identical to that of the shell pictured belobj. The Aspella pyramidalis (Broderip, 1833) has a reported distributional range ^rcm Mazatlanj Mexico to Panama and Galapagos Islands. The Mspella i.jere found intertidally. It is interesting that beginning collectors rarely have Aspella in their collections. This may be a result of the Aspella looking like a very worn specimen of some other family. During a recent conversation -uith '^cy and Forrest Poorman, the author learned that aspella have been collected live intertidally in Baja C-jlifornia, T’exico by digging about a foot deep at the bass of large rocks in a muddy, rocky substr ite. This also acc^uots for their rarity in private collections. ♦Station /r3; 3-lD feet by diving, ^arwin Pesaarch St 'tion academy Bay, uanta Cruz Island, dalapagos Islands, Ecuador. (a‘^45»05”S., 9Q°15*38"ljj, ) , March 5, 1971, Station Intertidal, Sullivan Bay, Bartholome IslandJ Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, (0Q17'20''B., 90O33'3G"U. ), March 10-13, 1971, 'Jol varina taen iolatc. taeniolata Morch, TOGO Length : 7,2 mm . , S 1 3 1 i o n tf'5 /aspella pyramidalis Broderip, 1833 Length ; 8,5 mm . , Station ffS 24, TWO DAYS ON CLIPPERTCM -^-Dr GETTING HIGH ON BOOBIES BY GILL PERRIN Clipperton Islc?nd is the only coral stall in the eastern Pacific. It lies at ID degrees 18 minutes North latitude, 109 degrees 13 minutes West longitude, 600 miles from the nearest land. The English pirste Bohn Clipperton gave the island his name in 1704, and its history since has been cheguered and accasionslly bloody (see "The island the World Forgot" by Harl Baarslag in OCEANS, Number 2, 1972), I first saw Clipperton in 1974 while aboard the tuna seiner Gina Haren , We searched around the island in a skiff for a safe passage through the barrier out found none and had to be content with fishing for bottomfish offshore. The experience was especially frus- trating because we had not seen land for more than a month, I got my second crack at Clipperton last October during a scientific expedition to study the behavior of dolphins involved in the purse seining of yellowfin tuna (there will be an article on the expedition in an upcoming issue of Smithsonian Magazine). I was again on a tunaboat, this time the magnificent 2S0-foot Elizabeth C.J,, and we were accompanied by a research vessel of the National Marine Fisheries service (my employer) the David Starr Jordan , The following is from my journal, "21 October 1976: Landed on Clipperton!! uJe landed on the south side, near the 'landing spot' marked on the chart, east of the largest grove of coconut palms, at about 1:30 P.M, Ue used a combination of one of the C , J . ' s speed- boats end the 2-man inflat. .-ble -^von. Four of us (Jim Coe, Joe Battaglia, Joe Oliveira, Jr, and I) went in with this speedboat to just outside the breaking swells. Then Joe Battaglia and Joe Oliveira got in the inflatable end paddled through the swells, with a stern line running beck to us. The line was too short, so we snubbed it to a big roll of seine twine that was layino in the bottom of tiie boat. The roll turned out to be made up of 2-fathom pieces, so as they paddled furiously to try to make it to the reef without having a big wave breaking on them, we furiously tied knots. Then one of them suddenly screamed, "Pull us in!" A huge shark, m.„ybe 15 feet long, swam right past the raft, ujithin petting distance. We \jbnked them back, although they were paddling f.ast enough to almost make it without any help. After a couple of minutes of calming down, they took another shot at it and made it through to the reef, Jim and I went next. The paddles got lost in the first run so we had to paddle with our hands, Ue made it through without any big breaks. The tide was low, and inside the fringing reef the water was only a few inches deep, with scattered deeper pools. The speedboat driver pulled the raft back and went off to the C » J , for another load, and we st rted to poke around. Joe Oliveira reached under a boulder and pulled out a lobster. The rest of us spread out and did our respective things. The pools swarmed with life. Gmail light gray minray eels were everywhere, snaking throunh the pools and lunging at fish. I picked up a bright orange puffer fish and it inflated in my hands, I began to turn slabs of dead coral, looking for shells, but found only a few very small cones and some badly worn crabbed snails of various species. After a few minutes of observing the fish and chasing eels, I walked up the beach to the old settlement site in the palm grove. Birds were everywhere; underfoot, overhead, in the trees, and all angry. Brown boobies, masked boobies, and noddies-- common and white-copped. The masked boobies were nesting on the lagoon side of the atoll and the brown boobies further dowin the beach. The noddies were perched in the palm trees, making a tremendous racket. Half-fledged boobies floundered about on every side. 25 the coconut crave contains eight to ten stiiuctures, of various ages and states of ruin. Most uere built For an imerican ueather station during IjJIjJII. The French still occupy the island from time to time when they are using their South Pacific atomic test r mge. Everything is very decrepit and shows the ef- fects of hurricanes, neglect and visiting vandals. At a distance, the ground seems covered with a thin, orange haze. Up close the haze resolves into thou- sands of bright orc^nge land crabs, foraging, eating, hassling each other, or just strolling around. I'm a neoarcheologist so I auickly found the dump, rum- maged down through a surface layer of aluminum beer cans and Coke bottles to an older strE3tum, and found a very old battle turned deep purple by the sun. Then I prowled through the buildings but found only mouldering furniture and discarded kitchen utensils. About then Jim Coe and Joe Battaglia caught up uiith me and wie set off down the beach to do some serious beachcombing, we walked west along the berm. Joe was especially anxious to find s' me Jc^panese glass fishing floats for his just-finished patio. The beach drift of shells was rich but nearly all badly worn by the coral shingle, I picked up many large Conus purpurBscens but very few in good condition. Also C, ebrseus, C. chnldeus . Cypraea issbellamexicana , _C. roshleighana , Pit ra papalis , Bursa oranularis . Spondylus princeps, ind part of a large Eassis , I tried the rocks in the tidepools again and found live Drugs albolsbris, but the tide was rising rapidly. Joe and Jim found two large net-wrapped qloss floats '^nd several of the newfangled plastic kind thc-t the Japanese are using now, I found three small glass floats. It was then abuut four o'clock so uie headed back to the landing spot. By this time there were about twenty people on the islmj. Some came in through the surf in s 4-man inflatable boat from t’ e Jordan . All had spread out, foraged, beachcombed, birdw tched, and were nouj n''thering from all directions for re-embarcot ion , Ken I'oorris h ^d caught a lizard in the debris from cne of tf:e ruined shacks, Ed mitchell -nd Steve Lsatherwood had hiked to the high vol- canic rock at the enat end of the atoll end found p~rtial remains of one or more small cetaceans, and Jill Rogers h'id collected copious notes and obser- vations on the breeding oirds, Now came the hairy part. During the landing, the large inflatable boat from the Jordan capsized and scraped hard on the coral. Because that boat is essential to the research cparation as o diving tender, it was decided not to risk ouncturinq it but to take everyone off the islenri with the more expendable 2-man raft. The surf had come up, and five to six foot waves were breaking just off the edge of the reef where the ra^t had to be launched, ".Ise, the tide h.;d risen nd sharks were cruising tiie two foot deep water inside the reef, ,:S we waited, a small shark swam within a few feet of the water's edge. Elen, the helicopter mechanic from the C . J . , waded out and hit it with a crowbar. It turned and chased him out of the water with vigor, I've never seen or heard a more startled fielicopter mechanic, Lde ringed the raft with long bow and stonn lines, the bowline tied to the C . J . ' s speedboat outside the swells and the sternline handled from the beach. Two men were sta- tioned at the edge of the reef, the st-^ging point for loading the reft. The first two to go included Don Ljungtalad, electronic technician (or ’’termite") from the Navr3l Undersea Center, ij.'ho has only one leg. That run went fine; the two waded out through the sharks without incident, 1 -id down in the rqft, -’nd the speedboat towed tnem through the surf with no problems. The next tiiio runs also went off without a hitch. Then enme Ed Eitchell -^nd Bill Rogers, Just as the raft cleared the reef, a tremendous wave broke directly on top of them and completely engulfed them. The collective relief was palpable when the raft bobbed bock to the surf'see, right-side-up, with both men overboa- rd but still hanging on. The only casualty was Ed's eyeglasses. The rest of the runs went very smoothly. The last two off the beach ujere Joe and Jim, towing a long train of fishing floats ”-nd coconuts. By six o'clock all were back on their respective vessels, 22 October 1976: The weesther uj -s sloopy again this morning, so we continued to 26 lay up in the lee of the island, -“hortly before lunch, the captain started to make noises like mayoe he'd like to mount a lobster-catching expedition to the reef and catch enough for a good cioppino. Since the wind had died down a little, he planned to hav/e the helicopter take four or five creumen ashore, one at a time, Liith some mheedling, I got his permission to join the party. Uhat a contrast uith the p-^rlous times of yesterday! Fourth in line, I uas uhisked ashore and found myself fossicking in about tuio minutes. This landing uas on the opposite side of the atoll from our landing spot of yesterday. The reef tidepool looked a little different, so I spent some time turning coral rocks. I collected fair numbers of live Conus ebraeus , C, chaldeus ^nd tiaratus ond a single _C, nux. hIso four nice Corallipphi la neritoides I'lith bright purple mouths, as well as seeing tuenty or thirty different fishes, including three different, brilliantly colored puffers and three different eels ind various invertebrates. I uatched a large hunting moray for several minutes as he moved from pool to pool, systematically searching every crevice, ^n octopus I found under a very large rock uent into the forage bag for preparation \ la Portuguese back on the boat, I especially wanted to find cowries but had no luck. I then continued down the beach a half mile or so to an intertidal area composed of 1 larger, more closely packed and deeply imbedded boulders but found nothing new and so cut across the atoll to the lagoon side. I samoled the lagoon water and found it only slightly brackish. From there I went east along the 1-goon siiore, striking for Pocher Clipporton at the east side of the lagoon. The rock is a 60-foot massif that rises from the atoll like a gray ruined castle. It started to rain heavily so I took off my glasses and slogged along half blind, dodging angry boobies. Halfway to the rock, I came upon the burned-out remains of several large amphibious craft. The engines end other vital organs lay on the ground among the blackened skeletons. The ground uas littered with thousands of 50 caliber cartridges that appeared to have blown up. It must hrve been some bonfire, ithen I reached the rock, I found mounted on it several brass plaques com- memorating the visits of various French ships and expeditions. Most of them date from the 1960's, There were also alot of lower budget grafitti. A large fissure splits the ruck and I walked up this passage about fifty yards. tJhite- capped noddies were nesting on ledges in the crack ;nd greatly resented my in- trusion. I retreated and headed back , slang the beach toward the spot where the helicopter dropped me off. Five minutes before Bob picked me up, I nearly stum- bled on a nice large net-covered glass float. I felt quite smug about it, since during the day, one of the crewmen had searched the entire atoll for floats by helicopter, bJhen I came aboard the orew demanded to know where I had found my float. I told them that it was completely buried in the sand ^^nd I had found it with a "witching stick," The next day the weather improtzed and we left Clipperton to search again for dolphin schools. My few short hours on the island were enough to make me determined that sometime I will return and spend several weeks and get to know all the citizens on a first-name basis. Anyone game? FDR YUUR INFORMATION Mr. Graham D. Saunders, Secretary of the British Shell Collectors' Club asks if any of our members are interested in exchanging shells with members o British Shell i^ollectars' Club. They are interested "in exchanging specimen shells from the coasts of California for shells of a similar quality from Europe, the Mediterranean and West Africa..." If interested in exchanging write to Mr. Graham D. Saunders, 110 Richmond Road, Gillingham, Kent, England ME7 ILR The tenth annual meeting of the Western Society of Malacologists will be held June 15 to June 13, 1977, at Kellogg West, Center For Continuing Education, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, Calif. Inquiries about t meeting should be directed to Mrs. Jo f^amsaran. Secretary, 807 North Road, San Bernardino, Ca, 924J4, 27 WARIATIGIM Lyria ( £naeta ) cuminqii (Broderip, 1632) collected in less th twenty feet of water in coarse sand at Bahia de Bnncepcion, t^aja oalifornia, Mexico, The usual form of _L, cumingii has low rounded nodules on the shoulders extending as low axial ribs on the body whorl. The aberrant form pictured here has no nodules, faint axial ribs on the body whorl only, but v/ery de- fined shouldered whorls. Also the low hlunt tooth at midpoint on the outer lip is lacking although this may not be particularly significant as ti82-0148 BROSIUS, George & Doris j)ep. Mail Sect., Box 11 i'lPO San Francisco, Calo 963OI :I i|!URCH, Mrs. Beatrice L. {136 Kuuhoa Place liailua, Hawaii 96734 ;;!ATE, Mr. & Mrs. Crawford 40. Box Office Drawer 710 rancho Santa Fe, Cal. 92067 JHACE, Bnery (h) ■4205 Eshelman Ave. ipmita. Cal. 90717 ;L0VER, Phillip Wo .0. Box 83 lien Ellen, Cal. 95442 I'URRIN, Norman 431 Via Alcaczar an Diego, Cal. 92111 78-3831 'ATTILIO, Anthony & Rose 415 29th St. an Diego, Cal. 92104 31-9731 DILWORTH, Billee 609 Palomar Ave. La Jolla, Cal. 92037 459-1087 DRAPER, Bertram C. 8511 Bleriot Ave. Los Angeles, Cal. 90045 FAULCONER, Philip & Heidrun P.O. Box 82632 San Diego, Cal. 92138 222-8082 FERNANDES, Francisco Santa Rita Vila Nova De Cacela Elgarve Portugal GEMMELL, W.E. & Joyce Space 47c 150 So Anza El Cajon, Calo 92020 447-8004 GOOD, Frank (h) & Barbara 3142 Larga Court San Diego, Cal. 92110 222-5605 GOOSEN, Bob & Dorothy 59 Bayside Village Newport Beach, Cal. 92660 GREENBERG , Rut h c/o Tidepool Gallery 22762 Pacific Coast Hw;p. Malibu, Cal. 90265 HANSELMAN, George & Virginia 5818 Tulane Sto San Diego, Cal. 92122 453-3019 HAIGH, Ernest So 5381 La Verne Circle VJestminister, Cal. 92683 HAMANN, Greg 1 Carl 11123 Valley Lights Dro El Cajon, Calo 92020 414-7969 HERTZ, Jules & Carole 3883 Mt« Blackburn Dr. San Diego, Cal. 92111 277-6259 HEWITT, Susan J. 1600 Chapel St. New Haven, Conn. O65II KING, Bob & June 4269 Hawk St. San Diego, Cal. 92103 296-0574 KIRKPATRICK, June 3050 Rue D’ Orleans Apt. 451 San Diego, Cal. 92110 222-3609 KITTSMILLER, Don & Jeff 29 Mahan Circle Minriv Park Charleston, South Carol. 29408 LINDEBREKKE, Kenneth & Lynn 6306 Lake Badin Ave. San Diego, Cal. 92119 465-1092 LEVINE, Morris & Anita 139-62 Pershing Crescent Jamaica, New York 11435 LONDON ASSOCIATES 1137 Prospect St. La Jolla, Cal. 92037 459-6858 MACQUIN, Hazelle Bo 437 Douglas Sto Salt Lake City, Utah 84102 MASSEY, Constance #310 4060 Huerfano Ave. San Diego, Cal. 92117 483-0359 MARTIN, Clifford & Clifton 324 Kennedy Lane Oceanside, Cal. 92054 757-1528 MCPEAK, Ronald H« 10370 Limetree Lane Spring Vally, Cal. 92077 469-8964 MICHEL, John & Michel 4758 Mt. Cervin Dr. San Diego, Cal. 92117 278- 9O88 MULLINER, David & Margaret 5283 Vicl^e Dr. San Diego, Cal. 92109 488-2701 MYERS, Jolin & Barbara 3761 Mt. Augustus Ave. San Diego, Cal. 92111 279- 9806 FELTON, Donald 2689 "C" St. San Diego, Cal. 239-6973 PERRIN, William & Marilyn 2947 Luna Ave. San Diego, Cal. 92117 272-1285 PERRY, Polly Ann 639 No. Citrus Ave. Escondido, Cal. 92027 PICKFORD, Sherry 5350 Via Bello San Diego, Cal. 92111 278-1083 PISOR, Don & Jeanne 10373 FI Honcho Place San Diego, Cal. 92124 279-93A2 POORMAN, Mr. & Mrs. Forrest 15300 Magnolia Westminister, Cal. 92683 PURDY, Ben & Ruth 3658 Fhiclid Ave. San Diego, Cal. 92105 281-6547 RADWIN, Dr. George (h) Curator of Marine Invert. Museum of Nat. History P.O. Box 1390 San Diego, Cal. 92112 232-3821 (work) 286-8938 (home) RICHART, Mae Dean 4090 Brant St. Apt. #4 San Diego, Cal. 92103 298-0132 RUHL, Deborah A, 10669 San Diego Mission Rd. Apt. 108 San Diego, Cal. 92108 284-1083 SCHOENING, Bob & Clara 2828 Flax Dr. San Diego, Cal. 429-6161 SCHWARTZ, Ann 7623 Blue Lake Dr. San Diego, Cal. 92119 469-0522 SCHULER, Martin 5170 Baxter St. San Diego, Cal. 92117 274-6541 SEAY, Jim & Eunice 3290 San Carlos Dr. Spring Valley, Cal. 92077 466-8994 SECKINGTON, Sandra 6313 Lake Badin Ave. San Diego, Cal. 92119 462-9455 SHORT, Ronald B, 1016 Guatay Ave. Chula Vista, Cal. 92011 A20-0235 SKOGLUND, Mrs. Carol 3846 Eo Highland Ave. Phoenix, Ariz. 85OI8 SMITH, John E. VF-121 NAS, Miramar San Diego, Cal. 92145 SOUDER, John 7845 Michelle Dr. La Mesa, Cal. 920ZhL 462—6166 STOWELL , Christopher & Linda i 9755 Austin Dr. | Spring Valley, Cal. 92077 462-4653 TAYLOR, Roland & Kay 2437 Aster St. San Diego, Cal. 92109 274-2998 The THOMAS Family I' c/o The Shell Shop 590 Bnbarcadero Morro Bay, Cal. 93442 THOMPSON, Ivan & Agnes j 716 S. Second St. Sp. 178 El Cajon, Calif. 92020 447-0191 UPTON. Virginia Box I0I4 Sierra Vista, Arlz. 85635 VOSO, Edward & Helen Terrace Mobile Homes #134 ' 181 5 Sweetwater Road Spring Valley, Cal. 92077 ! 469-83O8 WEBB, Ray & Kay & Mrs. Mo Rigdc 5OI-A Anita St., Sp. 186 Chula Vista, Cal. 92011 /j20-4900 WILIE, William L. Jr. 1405 McFaddin . Beaumont, Texo 77701 1 WINDMILLER, Mrs. Erla 9145 Elk Grove Blvd. Elk Grove, Cal. 95624 ox o I ■ I- 0 V.« .■:• i V H W 1(T \ S o.~,. '■ - V; mI > )k U k^^.-C' : =iP A i‘ -V •“j . A V, y.' ■ r"V, -I: ^'- ? •■ ~^'^' I "> I I • ■'Jjr. .. 4 ); 3 .tj I'*". I *■ V ■jf '*'■ I R ■& • ; : ■ .11 V 'V .:9 v';. X''"' '* ' ... .. .. ;, ,V / V. ■ .^■'j' . ,■ X vv' : ■ ' , . V, ^■' •»*?.'*'*'■' . f * \ ' '*> ‘V ■ ^ L. '. v--‘‘ ; yir'’ ?Vk H'i^ .'7=^ A3i>'"- f"- '• 1 ^•.'•^» V > • 1 a '’.■ ^ w.‘ •«ft. ■'“ "'»!> .. ■'»«• '.S ’. # f I ■: ^ Vj. ;. . . .;^ ^-/7 '•. ;.> ^ c^:,: .v^'- ltV\ ,'■; X • • J ‘^>w.*W».r^‘'' ■ •'■ ” ■ ' '^ '■^'K --•’/■i l- ,‘ # >f>^..-S^,\ -.,4 ;’^,j. '•'*is> '» ^ "I'lj. , ■’•■Hi' V. 4 ‘ ■;* V/ILUA!V'< 1 SECTiONAL LIBRARY ! ' C V/ C* THE SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADO BALSGA PARK - RLDM 101 , 7:30 P.M. . President: Hugh Brsdner Wice-President : .....Billee Dilujorth E7/3 I Q Recording Secretary June King 1 O Corresponding Secretary : .Martin Schuler Treasurer: Bob Schoening *»*'-^**“ Editor: Carole M, Hertz ANNUAL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o Bob Schoening, Treas. 2828 Flax Drive, San Diego, Ca, 92154. Single membership $3.00; Family membership $4.00; Overseas surface S3. 50; Student membership $2.00. CLUB ADDRESS: Address correspondence other than dues to San Diego Shell Club, c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., Ban Diego, Ca. 92111. \yol» VIII May 1977 No. 5 * ♦ * <> * PROGRAM: Gene Everson, a P®n Am. pilot, will be in San Diego and give a* ♦ talk on "Night Shelling in Florida. Hie presentation will be J I accompanied by slides, • I Gregory K. Kuik of Crawford High School will present a J I summary of hie Science Fair Project, "Sos Urchin Pheromone," * * Gregory is the recipient of the Club's Science Fair Award * ♦ for 1977, ; • * * Pictures taken at the Cli±i auction will alscL’ be shown, * ♦ * J Members are requested to bring unusual or deformed shells for J * display at the meeting, * J, Date: May 19, 1977 Time: 7;30 P.M. Room 101 * ^t^^XlHi^^^Lt******************************************************************** AMNUAL SHELL CLUB AUCTION By BILLEE DILUQRTH If you didn't attend the April potluck dinner and shell auction you missed a great eveningl Marj and Hugh Bradner opened their lovely home for our party and let us admire their new shell cabinets. Marj has done a beautiful job of displaying their shells. In a large number of Cypraea, they have achieved their goal of seven of each species. DavB Mulliner's delicious punch undoubtedly contributed to the high bid- ding at the auction,. As usual, the dinner was a vast array of goodies with plenty available for seconds. Most guests treated themselves to tastes of sever al kinds of dessert for sustained energy during all that bidding on shells. Norm Currin and Bob Schoening were the auctioneers with Marty Schuler keeping records of who owes how much. To start the bidding Frank Good sent a letter say ing that he would start all bids off at SDtf until IIO, had been used up. That must have helped put people in a good frame of mind for the shells went for some record prices — for our Club, that is. The evening was a complete success with everyone having fun and the Club treasury much improved. 29 MINUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ The tujo shells pictured belou are the last of the minute Galapagos shells from the Jackie Grundman collection. Original photography and shell identi- fications were courtesy of Bert Draper, The author would like to thank^ once again, Jackie and Bert for allowing us to feature^ during the past year, these minute Galapagos shells in the FESTIUUS, Black and white photographs were produced from the original 35 mm, colored slides by FESTIUUS staff photographer, Dave Mulliner, The two shells shown below have a relatively limited range. The Nodilittorina qalapaqiensis (Stearns, 1892) is reported from the Galapagos Islands to f^cuador. The Aqathoma camarina (Dali, 1919) is in the T urri dae and is reported only from the Galapagos Islands. Both shells were brought back by the Ameripagos Expedition*. Nodilittorina qalapagiensis (Stearns , 1892 ) Height: 5,5 mm,, Station #4 Station #4: Intertidal to ID feet. Bay, oanta Cruz Island, G^apagos March 5, 1971 Agathoma camarina (Dali, 1919) Height: 7 Station ^15 southeast side of Academy (0O45'G6''S., 90O15'36''U.). Punta Estrada, Islands, Ecuador, Station #15: Intertidal, south side of North Plaza Island, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, (D°34'36"S., 90009 »40*‘U),), March 20, 1971. 30. OUOUIUIPARDUS VOLUTES By TUILA BRATCHER Reproduction uithin the molluscan uorld is an extremely varied process. So much so that I wrote an article on it for SKIINJ DIVER MAGAZINE a few years ago, I did not title it, "The Sensuous Male" but rather "The Sensuous Snail, an X-rated Shell Story," In the article I discussed those species which are males for the first half of a normal life span and become females for the remainder of their lives, and those which change sex each year; the species in which the sexes are separate and those which are hermaphroditic; the species which copulate and those which shed eggs and sperm freely into the sea. There is one type of reproduction among molluscs of which I was unaware. Some are ovoviviparous^ □n our recent trip to Senegal, West Africa, we brought in some specimens of volutes, Cymbium marmoratum Link, 1B07, collected while night diving. The next morning we cooked the shells, and Jackie Grundman prepared to cut out the animal. She was using her knife to cut away the meat when it struck some- thing solid. "Feels like there's a shell in there," she said. To everyone's amazement, out cane six perfectly formed baby £, marmoratum. Three undeveloped C, marmoratum were within another female. Two could have been mistaken for the egg yolks found within stewing hens before the shell has started to form. The third was a perfectly formed marmoratum except for the protoconch, which was like a small yellow egg yolk. A few days laterl purchased a large Cymbium pepo (Lightfoot, 1786) from a Senegalese diver. It was too large for our cooking pot, so it sat on the cement outside our cottage door for a day and a half. In the evening we were visited by Jules, a Senegalese man whom Marge had met when she accidently walked through a commando post while shelling on the island of N'Gor. He had become a friend of our group, Knowing the local people eat the meat of the volutes, I asked if he would like to take it for the meat and return the shell. It was dark when I picked up the volute and put it in a plastic bag to pro- tect Jules' clothing. The next morning when I stepped out the door, I saw thirteen baby Cymbium pepo , evidently born before I had picked up the female. It LJB9 too late to put them on the sand in shallow water to see if they would live and dig in. Each was about 50 mm, in length. Cymbium pepo (Lightfoot, 1786) Though the subfamily Cymbiinae may be found in Australia, South China Sea, East Africa, and Si me places in between as well as West Africa, only the genus Cymbium gives birth to live young. Enjoyed at the Club auction/potluck and printed by popular demand. PIIMK MUREX CHOWDER adapted from his mother's recipe by Chris and Linda Stowell* Recipe is for one gallon of chowder* Take: 3 large potatoes, diced into pieces 3 medium sized onions « •» ” '• 1 Lb» swisis chard ribs” ” " " (or substitute celery) Throw in pot and barely cover with water. Boil until vegetables are tender, Addt 9 Hexaplex erythrostomus diced in pieces (to make Hexaplex more tender, remove from shell and freeze twice before dicing) ^ stick margarine salt to taste milk to make a gallon of soup Heat through but do not boil, * The original recipe adds crisp bacon diced and substitutes bacon fat for the trergarine. 32. CLIMBING FDR SEA SHELLS BY DON KITTSMILLER Uihgn I first moved to Washington, D.C. from Key West, Florida, I was anxious to do more shelling since I had recently been bitten by the shell bug. My first trip uas to Chesapeake Bay, Maryland since it mas the closest prospective area, I uasn’t expecting to find much and uas not disappointed, I found a feu bivalves and lots of sand and niud, I ualked about a half mile doun the bay alongside the ominous IDQ foot cliffs uhich are similar to Sunset Cliffs in San Diego but uithout the heavy surf, I uas not finding any shells of interest, but noticed a great deal of shell fragments along the shoreline,, and I started looking these over. I uas picking through a large pile of bi- valve fragments uhen I spotted my first partial Ecphora. When I first ex- amined it I kneu I had something unusual. I had never seen anything like it. After this find/ I doubled my efforts and came up uith fragments of a cone, turritellas, an olive and pieces of coral. I remember telling myself that if there are bleached and broken beach shells here^ there have to be live goodies around this area.. Then it hit me, — Coral in Maryland! 1 A feu minutes later I spotted a black shark's tooth and the mystery uas over. (I had seen fossil sharks teeth from Florida), On my second trip there, I discovered uhere the shells came from. Half- uay up the cliffs uas a ten foot uide rou of shells just uaiting for someone to climb up and start collecting. This is uhen I began my cliff climbing for sea shells. From then on I experimented uith different techniques for extracting the shells from the cliffs. I soon found out that the shells could not be so easily gathered. It's one thing to find them and another to preserve them. The shells uere as soft as marshmallous , A slip, a jar, or too much pressure and your fine rare specimen lay at your feet looking like a pile of dust never to have form again. After this happened a feu times I got angry and discouraged and started uorking at uays to best the odds. With hints from other collectors and a feu of my oun ideas, success started coming my uay. I find my shells by gently digging and brushing an area uhile clinging to the cliffs, I then dig out a large matrix around the shell to hold it firmly so I can get it home intact. When I get home I bake the blocks to get the shells and sand thoroughly dry, (My uife really likes this idea) I next start separating the shells from the sand uith pins, picks and patience. Without patience as your main tool you can forget this hobby.. If the shells uere difficult uhen soft at the beach, nou uhen they are dry it's like removing sand from around a shell made of baby pouder, I uorked on some shells for tuo or three days before I could say I had a specimen, I used Super Glue on my shells so I could harden an exposed area of the shell in a matter of seconds allouing me to continue my uork, I spent many hours extracting these sheila knouing that if I got careless or impatient I uould have nothing for my labors. What a feeling of accomplishment uhen success has been reached! My largest Ecphora quadrlcostata (Say), took me six days to retrieve and is my most prized shell. After doing some research on Ecphora I zeroed in on this species. Besides being an index fossil and looking like no other modern-day shell I knou of, this species retains its coloration uhich is unusual for fossils, I uas stationed in Washington, D.C. for only seven months but in that time 1 collected 97 different species including varieties of Fissuridea, Calliostoma . Architectonica , T urritella , Epitonium, Crucibulum, Crepidula^ Sinum, Polinices , Xenophora, Lpnatia, h'cphora, Busycon, Aurinia, Oliva, Terebra, L.onus, numerous bivalves, bones, teeth and corals. 33 Two v/ieus of Ecphora qjadricastata (Say) (Original slides by Bob fichoening) Those uiho don't collect fossils .-ind have the Qp[iortunity to do so are missing a very interest'ing part of ^11 collecting. Besides finding shells that hove been extinct for millions of years, it can oe interesting comparing those fossils that oid survive ujith their present day dounterparts . Maryland fossils are very plentiful for theee who uJ3nt to brave the cliffs and have the patience to extract them from the elements. inother nice thing is thnt you d: n't have to worry about overcollecting because the damage was done long ago by Mother IMature. My fossils were in the neinhborhood of twentysix million years old uihich intrigues me. How about you? CHANGES OF ADDRESS KIRKPATRICK, June 3050 Rub D' Orleans, Apt, 451 San DiegOy Ca, 92110 AMES, tiJ.M. P.O, Box 93 Eureka Springs, Ark, 72632 [_The article by Roy Poorman to be printed this month will be in the June issue. Ed^ i& ep ?*'" "m'IO • ,r*». Sap S.7n« ,>.sr<:(5-4 ; 'v.^ »r if fajrrTrs'ti i^ii. i^ncj Intvrf ' ^ ^ttpJl}- m.->pm£4 in this- ’‘ ■i'UK. |s'^- lv:a.-i“'llw£ir-t Irtf jf'ttnijr.r.j-i " _: Fri«i-» «hc atot .^jlvr-^ '*'o- -■;• :■ . . r»i^Fc3 'UifTi- Intergif-^ jf-u- ■: V ■ f: t' »“ •' ! . ’•-? - - iX-\j 'n. > •' % T j» v.>Nv: 'd??n i'-r.c, f v», fi =' ■;•,< ■; .83 8 f«te'.f.rqai ti • t; ^» ;r i* <-’T'=t« .•.i;, " - - ^Vi-drr^f ;iU, fs?iGin«t5 g tP i t ^i:nv rf'Sj v.v--; ‘s'>.:--n. ■„ V ■•■•i:' "•■'.•• 1 1'., I -_ • ,. b W' ll" MV Hilxmul^-' If 31, U» •! .•' 1' n, J' ’V. Isi • t >■ H . >=: < \ I f I , .s,T t ■i mm yl?"V :v:vi. i‘?r li' 4V\- •?.< 'v>: ■' • . ;f^ ■■ ' . ^H» *•■ "r . 'iJBk' Ti>-.. !?r Ccpnora qjadrtcQSJtete tS ■ 'L7ia^r='-1' vV~ $chafrr,j,n§)y.-. 5<' c- tsnci. ;,i: n't ryi.iPGt. t'cisslls , .(na th£3^ i\^ t 'I\^v\r r^i ■/;•»; >t*nq uf CCii;leGtln;^,^>P|^|.ij?li^ 'f-}. vn? ,. LiD RK.l ,v'*c;t; for ?ni'jJ.ionf* of yeerf?^. It cairi'‘©|!;.vA U. ’ 't ax6, t'urv.i-va ^v''th >' ' 3 .'Y p'; f.ntifuX '-i-ir t^eaisi fVr3V^,;|^i G^^r.n'iCt tha aiam'Bn ifU .'"i^ \.i.?vf ■-; (* :. •: '^/e ■^icrry ipout aworcplieutinq VC (iv :spt-n«*r. ftiature.* ■ , , . ' . / ^ ■‘‘'- ’‘£JB"U« '.jere in tna nelr^lPorhapd of ■ • • -r’/V - • ' , ^ ■ ' *. ■-■'T ■' , K'tu« arjH'+'t I ‘ftrwmiy.f ■ .. ifci« ft •] • “ “ A ' 1 iS f li^-lTArhllt Pung , ' ' "y70 '’■hm- -0* Ori i?pl;-«- .'i ih" - FESTIVUS WiLLlAM H. DALL SECTIONAL LIBRARY , DIVISION GF LhOL sm DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA PaRK ROOM lOty 7:30 P.M. If Aiuujjinr' President: Hugh Brsdner Vice-President: Billee Diluorth • Recording Secretary .Oune King Corresponding Secretary : .Martin Schuler Treasurer: Bob Schoening Editor: Carole M, Hertz ANNUAL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc,, c/o Bob Schoening, Treas. 2828 Flax Drive, San Diego, Ca, 92154. Single membership S3.00; Family membership S4.DD; Overseas surface 33,50; Student membership S2.00, CLUB ADDRESS: Address correspondence other than dues to San Diego Shell Club, c/o 3883 Mt, Blackburn Ave., San Diego, Ca. 92111, Vol, VIII June 1977 No, 6 * * * * * PROGRAM: Red Howard, a graduate student at Scripps Institute of Ocean- * * ography will give a popular lecture on Abalone illustrated uithj * slides, J * * { Slides of the Auction will also be shewn this month. (Ue ran * { out of time last month), * * ♦ * Bonus shell drawing this month!! The shell will be Cypraea J J qoodallli I * ♦ ♦ * Date : June 16, 1977 Time: 7:30 P.M. Room 104 J FROM THE MINUTES By JUNE HING Forty-five people were present at the May 19, 1977 meeting. The meeting was called to order at 8:00 P.M. Bob Schoening introduced Gregory Kwik, the winner of the Shell Club Award at the annual Greater San Diego Science Fair, Bob presented Gregory with Barnes' 'Invertebrate Zoology" as the Club's gift, Gregory had his apparatus set up and gave an informative and interesting talk on his project: "Sea Urchin Pheromone," (Writeup appears in this issue. ^illee ^ilworth introduced our speaker, Gene Everson, a PanAm pilot from Florida who talked atojt diving for shells off the coasts of Florida at night. He said that the most interesting shells were off the East coast, and many of his slides showed what he had collected. The slidee^ for the most part, were photographs of shells in aquaria rather than undersea, but nonetheless had alot of us impressed. Many rare shells were shown^ soma from the West coast of Flo- rida as well as a few from the Caribbean and a few from South America. There were many slides, all fascinating to see, especially those of the live molluscs. 35 After refreshments — a very short business meeting. (Slides of the Auction/ Potluck will be shown at the June meeting). Bob Schoening asked that we all pay for our Auction purchases and next meeting he will tell us how much our treasury was enriched. From now on we will meet in Room 104 instead of 101 — across the patio. Reminder of the annual plant sale sponsored by the Botanical FoundatJion was made. There was no raffle since Marty and Sherry were absent. A few people did bring their "freak" shells for the "Show and Tell" table. Meeting adjourned just in time to get us all out by ten. SEA URCHIN PHEROMONE by Gregory Kwik Kelp beds, familiar sights along the Pacific Coast, are havens for hundreds of species of marine life. For the fisherman, these beds provide bountiful amounts of game fish. The kelp beds are also harvested for giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera. which has a rich yield of chemTcals and contains the principal source of algin. The kelp forest goes through a natural cycle. Mature strands contin- ually die and break away from the plant, living way to new fronds shooting up from the root structure called "holdfasts.” But in the late 1930's, California's kelp forests were unable to regenerate themselves, thus result- ing in their near extinction. This was partially blamed on a period of warmer ocean temperatures. But the main cause of the diminishing canopy growth was the infestation of sea urchins. These spiney marine creatures feed on kelp holdfasts, fronds, and young plants. The cause of the uncheck- ed population of urchins is due to the large-scale hunting of their predator, the sea otter. This ruthless killing has upset the ecological balance of the kelp beds. Therefore, man must discover a way to control the urchin's destructive force. My research is based upon this growing concern, I found a solution to this problem from an article in Science Magazine. A scientist discovered that sea urchins will move away from injured sea urchins. This reaction is caused by a chemical stimulus, known as a pheromone, which the injured sea urchin secretes to warn other sea urchins of danger, I then tested to see if it is practical to use this pheromone as a sea urchin repellent. The advantage of using a pheromone over a pesticide is that it will not repel any beneficial marine life because pheromones affect only the same species from which it was secreted. It will also not pollute since it will not harm any organism, I first tested the pheromone by extracting it from purple sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purouratus. and applied this to other purrle sea urchins in a fiberglassed trough. Their reaction was measured by the distance they moved. The average distance was 61.4 cm after 10 minutes, compared to 1.2 cm with a placebo. Additional experiments were conducted to determine its properties. From my tests, I have found that the purple sea urchin does contain a pheromone j the chemical is produced from an internal gland; it is a protein; and the pheromone can be stored, I plan to continue this research by further isolating the pheromone to determine the extent of the application oh kelp beds. These tests are only the beginning. There is a lot more to know about the alarm pheromone in sea urchins. A DIARY OF RETIREES* By RDY PQDRMAIM 36 Some people think it is easy to be retired — that all you have to do is sit on the front porch and watch the tulips grow. Well, we thought we had better warn you about this so we have looked into our diary for 1976 and this is what WE found, LJe were away from our comfortable mobile home and leading the rough life for nearly seven of the twelve months. This is really the story of those seven months. Our year started out with a return to Manzanillo, We travelled with Carl and Laura Shy and took our trucks with Alaskan campers and our boats. Our stay in Manzanillo was four weeks, with a one week break for short trips north to several different locations. We stayed at the La Audlencia trailer park, where one of the chief sports for many is "The Party," Las Hadas Hotel is just over the hill and within walking distance. Some of our people would walk over the hill each day to have breakfast there. The charge — 13,20. One of the men wanted to spend a night there just to say he had stayed at Lgs Hadas. He was told the cheapest single occupancy was S98, per day, Carl Shy says the Las Hadas is built on a beach that was the best collecting spot in the entire region, Manzanillo is a great place for fishing. Marlin and sailfish were being caught daily. The avid fishermen in camp would go out in fourteen foot alumi- num boats as much as fifteen miles in to the open Pacific for prize fish. Several times boats did not return by late afternoon and friends would go out looking for them. There were no losses while we were there. We took time out to run north about 80 miles to Bahia de Tenacatita, This is a large bay made up of three smaller bays. The middle one of these is known as Bay of Los Angeles — not to be confused with Bahia de los Angeles in Baja California, This is L.A, Bay, Jalisco, We camjiied at the south end of the beach which is about 1>& miles long. Our first afternoon here we met a pig. (Mow, this was no ordinary pig. She was pink with brown undertones. She had been left in charge of an aban- doned house, rooster and two chickens. They spent most of their time on the ridge pole so her duties were minimal, Forrest named her Evelina because of her resemblance to Cadlinia evelinae. She soon proved she was no ordinary pig and from then on, Evelina was a people-pig. Pancakes were a great American treat for her, though her all-time favorite was pickled beet juice. There was an immense mudbath in the estero behind the house, but Evelina remembered that she was a people-pig and preferred the sea. She would go out until the waves would take her off her feet. Then she would race for shore and scamper about like a frisky dog. If one made a trip to the bushes, Evelina went along. If one went for a walk along the beach, she would walk at heel but would grad- ually turn back toward camp. The day we left, Forrest mixed a bowl of my in- stant oatmeal for her so she wouldn’t follow us out to the main road. (Mow, if one of us mentions Evelina, Carl gets a faraway look and says, "Ulasn’t that the darndest thing?" Chamela Bay, next above Tenacatita, was a big disappointment for me. Per- haps dredging is good, but intertidal hunting yielded nothing new. The bay has been marked for development for tourists but it is not nearly as tropical and interesting as the Bay of Los Angeles or La Manzanilla, The first two weeks in May saw us on the road to Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California, with only our campers for the two week trip. Our first night took us to Catavina, 425 miles from home, Ue arrived there at the same time as an international road race for bicycles! By noon that day, we were in camp at Punta La Brings,. Smith Island was a short trip by boat from camp and about 16 miles northeast of this island is Angel de la Guards Island. The water in 37 bstueen the two islands is very deep. The tidal currents are strong among the many islands and studies have shown that the currents bring cold water from the deep into the bay. Perhaps this explains why many of the species we found here are truly giants, Ue were joined here by Dave and Peggy Mulliner, (\lola Michel and Gale Sphon, Collecting and dredging this area has never been as rewarding as at Guaymas but we have gotten a few really nice things and have taken 160 species never previously reported from here. Several undescribed species of chitons and nudibranchs were taken from the rocks and sargassum weed on Smith Island and are being studied. The channel off Smith Island was a prime dredging area and also turned out to be an alternate route for whales migrating down the Gulf, Last fall we left for our annual trip to Guaymas, Our friends were all converging there and so we were raring to go, We got in on the afternoon of September 30,. The Shys had gone down ten days before and were already set up, Ue put the trailer beside our slab and connected it but did not unpack any- thing, The next morning we were awakened at 4:00 'A.M. by Carl pounding on the trailer to say we had three hours to get out before the hurricane was to hit. But where to go? Finally, most of the rigs then in the park decidBcl to line up at the higher end of the park and ride it out. Daylight found us huddled close together waiting. At 9:00 o'clock we were still w^ting. It was very cloudy but no wind or rain.. About this time we heard on the radio that La Paz had been hit during the night with great loss of life. After that, the hurricane had headed north- east for Guaymas. The radio said that all schools were dismissed and warned people to get off the streets. In another hour the sea had gotten a bit rough. The left hand point at the mouth of our little cove is nearly 40 feet above the waterline. Some of the seas were splashing 40 feet higher than the pointi The swells were so high that I couldn't see the one-story La Posada Hotel across the little bay. There was absolutely no wind but the swells were coming in with such speed that their tops were being blown off as though a gale were blowing from the land. After lunch things quieted down. Damage had been done at the hotel. Their beach was badly hurt, several windows were broken and several rooms were flood- ed, Later we heard that the main force of the storm had hit further south and had done damage greater than at La Paz but without the loss of lipe. By late afternoon we moved back to our sites and resumed normal living. Later in October, we took a one day trip about 50 miles north to More Colorado and San Augustin, In 50 to 90 meters of water off the point in this area Antonio Luna has dredged many beautiful and new species, Pecten lunaris Drillla cunninqhamae, and Conus poormani all came from here. During our annual fall migration to Guaymas we took a week off and drove BOO miles south looking for Just one shell — typhia f imbriatus , Ue knew of three which had been taken in the Banderas Bay area and we were determined to add to the number. The north end of Banderas Bay is bordered by Punta Mita, There is a road out on the point along the south side which is paved about halfway and a fatrly good dirt road for the rest. Ue camped in the shelter of some sand dunes at the end of the point, and there were some very inviting and rewarding reefs in front of our camp at low tide. At the root of the preninsula and on Banderas Bay about one mile from the main highway, is the small town of La Cruz de Juanacaxtle, The town is named for the large wooden cross which stands at the entrance and is made of the wood of the giant Juanacaxtle tree which is found here, November 20, the day after our arrival, was both Flag Day in Mexico- an occasion for great celebrating by the children of this little town- and the first of the low tides. Ue walked down the beach about a mile to a likely 38 looking reef and started hunting. Right away we began to find all kinds of goodies. After half an hour, Forry cried that she had found a Typhis- and sure enough, she had a dead but good Typhia fimbrlatus. Ten minutes later Laura cried, "I got one, too." Two views of Pterotyphis f imbriatus (A. Adams, 1854) Margaret Cunningham had arrived a week earlier and had made arrangements for Carl and me to go dredging on Sunday morning. The dredge was old and came apart several times but we patched it up with fishing line, (This is standard procedure in Mexico), Ue made eight runs and brought up lota of gooey mud which would not wash through the wire mesh. So, we just dumped the whole mess in tubs and brought it all ashore. It took the work force about two hours to wash out the mud, liie were pleasantly surprised to find that we had taken many Persicula bandera and Glyptaesopus phylira as well as many other small species, liJe had some "Big Thrills" in 1976, a few of which are mentioned below. In general, dredging and collecting was the poorest we had experienced in 25 years. But here and there was a shell to make it just as exciting as the first time. Many of these were completely new to our collection, A few were not new, but by their very nature must be included in a list of "greats", Placiphorella velata Dali occurs all the way from Alaska to Bahia de los Angeles and Guaymas, though it is rare in the Gulf, Ule found it on the islands in Bahia de las Angeles, De. found Nsasarius shaskvl McLean, one of the largest and heaviest of the genua, by dredging at Manzanillo, Colima and in 90 meters off San Carlos in Sonora, After twenty three years of looking for our first Tropbon carduus, we dredged nine in one trip off Pt, Juluapan, Colima. A recent tuell-knoun author on the Muricidae comments that he has never even seen a specimen of T rophon sorenseni , bJe have had a set of three for many years from C:?ptain Luna but mere thrilled to get several ourselves in very deep uater at Guaymas. In fact ue found many interesting speci- mens, som^ neuily collected by us, in dredging the deep hole at Guaymas, Mitra f ultoni , Typhis latipennis, Crassispira chacei . Cochlespira cedonulli, Cymatium amictoideum, and Amaea deroyae were all taken there. Parry found our first Phyllocoma scalari- f ormis at Guaymas, and then ue got several more on a trip further south. And of course the fabled T yphis f imbriatus. Lue had knoun of six in private collections, and ue hear that there : are five in the Smithsonian, It uas for this shell ue drove 800 miles south of Guaymas in [\lovember , Several species of Persicula uere collect- ed: P, bandera dredged at La Cruz, IMayarit, P. phryqia found at Tenacatita Bay, Jalisco, ”, imbricata in ten meters of uater just north ^f Manzanillo, and _P. hilll at the same location but in thirty meters of uater,. A recent author synonomized Murexiella humilis , Murexiella keenae and M, laurae as geographical variations of Murexiella humilis uhich is rather common offshore at Guaymas. Houever ue dredged a number of each of these species uithin a half mile of each other in the middle of the range at Pt. Juluapan, Colima. Bizetlella shaskyl and Mltromorpha carpenteri found under rocks on Pt, Mita, Pusinus zacae found off San Carlas, Microcythara harpiformis from the reefs at Pt, Mita are a feu of the other specimens that made up the "Big Thrills" in 1976, &ome people think it is easy to be retired- *that all you have to do is sit on the front porch and uatch the tulips grou.,,. Trophon sorenseni Hertlein & Stro: 1951 Original photography by Roy Poorman, Black and uhite prints from the 35 mm color slides by Dave Mulliner, ♦Summarized from Roy Poorman's notes for his talk to the San Diego Shell Club in March 1977,. Any errors are those of the editor. LIBRARY IMQTES The Club has purchased a copy of Prank Mace MacParland's, "Studies of Opis- thobranchiate Mollusks of the Pacific Coast of North America", Memoirs of the California Academy of Science^ \Jal, \J1, April 8, 1966. It is a hardcovered edition uith both the plates and descriptions. In the past the library has had only the softcovered book of the colored plates. This book uill be ready to circulate at the June meeting, Hugh Bradner announces that he has a complete sat of the Hydrographic Office Publication 80 of "U.S, Oceanographic Office: Sailing Directions (Uorlduide)" given to him by Scrippa library since they are replacing it uith later editions. The volumes are filled uith useful information on shorelines, tides, ueather, people government etc, uith many maps. They uill be kept at Brad's house (since the Club Library is too small) and uill ts available to Club members. MIIMUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ This month ue start featuring a series of minute shells from the Mulliner collection,. The shells uere dredge^ by Dave and Peg Mulliner in 50 to 60 feet of uater, west of Smith Island, Bahfa de Los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico on May 10, 1976,. Photography is by Dave Mulliner, FESTIVUS staff photographer, Philbertia dorla Dali, 1919 is a member of the Turridae, It is broun in coloi^ and the specimen shown below is representative of a fully mature specimen, Tripterotyphls lowel (Pilsbry, 1931) is a beautiful white shell whose re- corded range is from Escondido Bay, Baja California, to Panama and the Galapfagos Islanels, The shell pictured below is 9 mm, long which is dbout one- half the maximum length of 10 mm. FOR YOUR INFORMATION 1, A book ordering service will be available to members,. Frequently Club mem- bers will be able to order books at disrcount, 2, It is time to pay for auction purchases if you have not already done so, 3, SAVE THE DATE! The September party will be on the 17th at the home of Clara and Bob Schoening, The party will have an African theme. Details later, 4, Shell donations are wanted for the USM auction. For information, contact Bob Schoening, 5,. Our meeting room at the Casa del Prado will now be Room 104, directly across the long patio from Room 101, .♦t*. . “■'YI'- 1* T .#V’ - .•■•*'■ ..'i'MWi. «>»• rt’'' ■t ■ ■ ‘ : ■, .J ... . '■ ■«. i ’wsuy..^ ;k.w» 7- ■•''• W.i®' -;f 4 'j &''Pi j\’ . ^1’' "'d 3'__ ’■; y 'i I if^' .f;; s' B ■ r* ' >;■«)■* . '■‘•'s: ^*../i,,;1Jf5>.:.v. J vv' •• . . , ■ ,'i *».,-/ ... '. -,, •t"’i..' '" lS,. 's.k' '. ’’ii'''.'' ■■•.''} ■^^'m ... ■ ■ ■ ■:■ ...... ■■.,■■.■■.,. < ' '] ' » •»f,-. i 5 4 .r<< < •.•|'^ ^.' :i V “■'■t .5S'.' 'i't.i w ; .am* , v( ^ •\Shi ^':,t' hi ^■Oi F4I8 Moli. THE U/ji ! ! '■•4 ''ALL ^ C-,v_/ , 1 . , . nivi^iiON Gr :,:C;j_uskS FESTIVUS ANNUAL DUES: CLUB ADDRESS: SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA PaRH ROOM lO^y 7:30 P.M. President: Hugh Bradner \/ics-Preaident : Billee Dilujorth Recording Secretary June lU.ng Corresponding Secretary : .Martin Schuler Treasurer: ...Bob Schoening Editor: Carole M, Hertz Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc,, c/o Bob Schoening, Treas. 2828 Flax Drive, San Diego, Ca. 9215L. Single membership S3, DO; Family membership 34.00; Overseas surface 33,50; Student membership S2.0D, Address correspondence other than dues to San Diego Shell Club, c/o 3883 Mt, Blackburn Ave.i Ban Diego, Ca. 92111. Uol. Will July 1977 fMo. 7 ♦ * PROGRAM: Anthony D’Attilio uiill give an illustrated talk on new Lat iaxis . * Slides of the Auction will also be shown, * Bonus shell drawing this month. The shell will be Cypraea * goodalli ! ! * Date: July 21, 1977 Time: 7:30 P.M, Room 104 FROM THE MINUTES By JUNE KING Twenty-two people were present at the June 16 meeting. The minutes were accepted as published in the FESTIVUS. A report was read from the Botanical Foundation thanking us for our par- ticipation in their annual plant sale, and stating that they made a profit of 3839, all told. It was agreed that we continue our membership in their organ- ization. The bonus shell drawing is to be in July (instead of June) since they are held every third membership meeting. Somehow it was forgotten that we had the auction in April in lieu of a regular mee'Sing. Brad’s C, goodalli awaits the JuLy meeting. Some guestions were raised about the possibility of buying books at dis - count through the Club-such as minimum order necessary and a list of books available. Speaker of the evening was Red Howard, a graduate student from Scripps, The subject was abalone from the culinary point of view. It was very enter- taining and informative. He is one of the authors of an amusing cookboolt about abalon& and their preparation. Copies were available at the meeting, Cn the table was a grand display of abalone—^iocal and exotic, from the Myers', Bradner's (and others?) collections. There was some discussion of hybridization of abalones. No slitie projector so no pictures of the Auction, Next time, maybe? ********»»*-*** CDLLECTIIMG I(\l ANTARCTICA By JULES HERTZ For those of us in attendance at the October 19, 1972 meeting of the San Diego Shell Club, Dr, Gordon A, Robilliard's teik and slide shou on "Marine Biology of Antarctica" was fascinating and exciting. There were many who would have loved to explore in seemingly virgin territory, although the rigorous weather and diving conditions sounded a little frightening, Gordon described (Robilliard 1972) the project that he and Dr, Paul Dayton, now a professor at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, conducted during 1967 and 1968 at McMurdo Station and Cape Armitage on Ross Island in McMurdo Sound, Antaretica, A de- tailed report on this work was published in Ecological Monographs (Dayton, et,al, 1974). Ulhen we heard that Gordon was returning to McMurdo Sound for additional biological observations in the fall of 1974, we implored him to bring back a sample of grunge from their diving area. Another member of the 1974 group going to McMurdo Sound was James (Jimmy) R, Stewart, Diving Officer at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Since Jimmy Stewart had also been a guest speaker several times at the San Diego Shell Club, it was hoped that he, too, might bring back interesting mollusks for photographing. When Gordon returned, he dutifully delivered a gallon jar of "grunge," but it was not like any grunge that we had seen before. It wbs a bottom sample taken by him in 24,4 meters (80 ft ) of water on October 15, 1974 at Cape Armitage, Ross Island, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, It consisted of a loose mat of sponge spicules interspersed with valves of Limatula hodgsoni Smith, 1907 and occasional small members of other marine phyla. It had been immersed in formaldehyde, so besides looking strange it also smelled bad. Figure 1, shows a typical view of this "grunge." Many small shells were found in the grunge, and it led the author on a search for iden- tifications, It was found that there exists a very extensive litera- ture on Antarctic molluscs, with early references more than 100 years old. The seemingly virgin territory has been extensively explored by dredging and trawling, Uictoria Land near Cape Adare was first sighted by Sir James Clark Ross on 11 January 1841 (Bullivant and Dearborn, 1967) and with his Fig. 1, Antarctic grunge ships Erebus and Terror, he charted the coast of Victoria Land and the edge of the Ross Ice Shelf, In the summer of 1642-43, Ross made the first oceanographic observations and collections in the Ross Sea, During the late 1800's and early 19Q0's, many famous explorers led expeditions to this area and took many samplings. Among the most famous were UJ.J, Bull, C.E, Borchgrevinck, R.F, Scott, E. Shackleton, C.A. Larsen, and R.E. Byrd» Those of us who are intertidal collectors would find Antarctica completely frustrating. In McMurdo Sound, the shallowest zone (C-lSm ) is essentially de- void of sessile organisms because of the annual certainty of the ice disturbance from both anchor ice and scouring action of drift ice. In winter, ice accumulated 43. along the shore may grind against tha bottom to depths of 5 m or more, end this scouring action along the shoreline effectively eliminates an intertidal fauna. An intermediate zone (15-33 m) is below the limit of ice scour but is still influenced by anchor ice formation capable of removing heavy objects (Daytor^ et, al, 1969), The larger invertebrates are sometimes found in the shallow waters adjacent to ice foot formations but this mostly occurs in summer after some melting has occurred. Benthic invertebrates have been found embedded in sea ice in very shallow water;, However, it is believed that the animals become entrapped in ice on the sea bottom and the ice subsequently rises. Most of the shells pictured in this article were obtained by scuba diving. The water temperature is about -1,8° C (28° F) the year round. During the first visits of Robilliard and Dayton to McMurdo Sound, (October to December, 1967 and 1968) the Sound was covered with 1.8 to 2,4 m (6-8 ft) of ice. The water could only be entered by open-air dives through cracks in the ice or by first blasting a hole in the ice. Horizontal visibility ranged from 183 m (600 ft) in October to 61 m (200 ft) in early December to 0,6 m (2 ft) in mid-December, Most of the species were collected in depths greater than 25 m. Below 33 m, anchor ice does not form and scouring rarely occurs. Dayton et. al . (l970) reports that most of the conspicuous species in the benthic community at depths between 33 and 60 m are sponges and their asteroid and molluscan pre- dators, In 30 to 60 m at Cape Armitage, McMurdo Sound, sponges are the most conspicuous sessile species and cover almost 55% of the surface area. The ex- tensive mats of sponges found on the bottom in much of McMudo Sound, usually below 50 m, are formed largely of siliceous species. The substratum below 33 m is a mat of siliceous sponge spicules which varies from a few cm to more than 2 m (cf. Koltun 1968), Limatula hodgsoni Smith, 1907 is the most abundant bivalve in McMurdo Sound and has been reported embedded in sponge of the softer, horny types, and in certain areas it occurs burrowing in the upper centimeter or two of a sediment of sand and grit matted with sponge spicules. Fig, 2, Outside of Limatula hodgsoni Fig, 3. Edge view of L. hodgsoni In the "grunge" brought back by Gordon Robilliard, there were many single valves of assorted sizes. Figures 2 and 3 show a typical specimen of this common bivalve. The height of this specimen is 25mm and the width 19 mm. Fig* 5, Apsrtural view of _M, rsf ulqens * 4* Dorsal view of Margarella reFulgens Height: 3 mm, Width: 5 mm Another member of the same family figured in l^igures 6 and 7, is believed to be Marqarites dulcis (Smith, 1907), Only one specimen has been found to date and although it resembles the figure in Smith, 1907, there is some doubt in this identification. Smith originally called this species Walvatella dulcis. Fig, 6. Dorsal view of Margarites dulcis Fig., 7, Apertural view of M. dulcis Diameter: 1 mm Looking for microscopic specimens in the "grunge" is a very time consuming and sometimes painful task. One must hazard the millions of potential silica fiber splinters and the floating silica dust. To date, about half of the grunge has been carefully examined and a variety of small shells found. Some species are plentiful, while others are so far represented by only one or two specimens. Figures 4 through 21 show these microscopic shells. The excellent photography is a result of the patience and skill of FEBTIl/US staff photographer, David H. Mulliner,. The author is equally indebted to Barbara Myers for most of the beautiful photographs of the larger species. Many of the microscopic species were first brought back by the National Antarctic Expedition, 1901-1904, ( "^Discovery " Expedition - R.F, Scott) and were described by Edgar A, Smith (Smith, 1907), The most common minute species found in the grunge was Margarella ref ulgens (Smith, 1907), Approximately 50 specimens were found, varying in both greatest diameter and height from about 1 to 5 mm. Dorsal and apertural views are shown in Figures 4 and 5, The shells are turbinate, narrowly umbilicated, pearly iridescent and beautifully bluish, pearly within. Smith originally called this species Ualvatella refulqens. 45 The secand most com- mon gastropod found in the grunge was Rlssoia qlacialis Smith, 1907, Twenty specimens have been found so far. Speci- mens were about 3 mm long, and a typical specimen is shown in Figure 8,. The shell is white, smooth, and glossy and contains 5 to 6 very convex whorls separated by deep su- tures. A second Rissoia Rissoia gelida Smith, 1907 was also found in the grunge,. This was represented by five spe- cimens varying in size from 1 to 3 mm. The largest specimen is pic- tured in Figure 9. It is a dirty white shell Fig, 0. Rissoia glacialis Fig, 9. Rissoia gelida with fine spiral liras. Smith, 1907 Smith, 1907 One of the largest, Diameter: 3,5 mm ^iameter: 3 mm and perhaps the most beautiful, species found in the grunge was Epitonium antarcticum (Smith, 1907), Four specimens varied in size from 7 to ID mm. The species was originally named as Scala antarctica. The shell is dirty white, globose, with somewhat oblique sutures, and is minutely cancellate in appearance. It has a yellowish, horny operculum, ^orsal and ventral views are shown in Figures 10 and 11, Figures 10 and 11 Dorsal and ventral views of Epitonium antarcticum (Smith, 1907) Height: ID mm Width; 3,5 mm 46. Another beautiful small shell is pictured in Figure 12. Tuio specimens, 3*5 and 6 mm in length have been found of this species, identified as Eulima convexa Smith, 1907, This is very similar but somewhat smaller than another species later described by Smith (1915) as Eulima exulata. Another small, dirty white gastropod found in the grunge was Pareuthria innocens (Smith, 1907), This member of the Cominellidae was originally called Thesbia innocens by Smith. Only two specimens have been found in the grunge, both about 7 mm in length,. The larger shell is shown in Figure 13, Figure 14 shows one of the specimens which has been most difficult to identify. The specimen is approximately 5,5 mm and resembles a specimen de- scribed (Tomlin, 1939) from Macquarie Island. That species, Eumetula macquariensis Tomlin, 1939 was described from a single, dead, immature (?), 3 mm long specimen. This species belongs to the family Cerithiopsidae. A num- ber of species are found over a wide range in the Antarctic, in fact some are circumpolar. Therefore, it is quite possible that the shell in Figure 14 is a mature specimen of Eumetula macquariensis. Macquarie Island (54°3D’S,, 150°45'E.) and Cape Armitage, McMurdo Sound ^77046'S,, 166°26'E,) are not that far away. The effective boundary to marine life is not the coastline of Antarctica but the Antarctic Convergence, This is a zone in the southern oceans between about 48° and 60° south latitudes, where the colder waters flowing northward from Antarctica mix with the southward moving warmer waters from the north. This places Macquarie Island right in the Antarctic Convergence zone. Fig. 12. Eulima convexa Smith, 1907 Height : 6 mm Width: 1,9mm Fig, 13, Pareuthria innocens (Smith, 1907) Height; 7 mm Width: 2,8 mm Fig, 14, Eumetula macquariensis Tomlin, 193 Height; 5,5mm Width: 1,5 Some of the minute gastropods have yet to be identified. Figures 15 and^l6 show ventral and dorsal views of what appears to be a member of the Witrinellidaei Several specimens have been obtained but generally in a broken or very chalky condition. Sinistral specimens of this *^amily have also been observed but in extremely friable condition, which seems to disintegrate when touched. It is 47 I i Figs. 15 and 16. Dorsal and apertural views of a probable Vitrinella Size: less than 1 mm hoped that the remaining grunge will reveal additional specimens of both types. Figure 17 shows a minute tube worm shell believed to be a member of the Wermetidae. l\!o identity has been established for this shell. The most common minute bivalve found in the grunge is pictured in Figure 10. It is believed that this is the shell from the Ross Sea pictured by Smith, 1907 as Philobrya limoides, although I couldn't find adductor scars on the dead valves. The specimen pic- tured in Figure 10 is complete and is likely to have been live collected. The family Philobryidae badly needs revision (Soot-Ryen, 1940) since there are some 20 generic or sub- generic groups proposed and more than 00 Fig, 17, probable member of Family species described, (mostly Subantarctic and yermetidae Size: 1 mm some true Antarctic). Medley (1916) referred the Antarctic species to the genera Philippiella Pfeffer, 1006, Therefore the specimen in Figure 10 is tentatively identified as Philippiela limoides (Smith, 1907), A single valve of another small bivalve is been tentatively identified as Adacnarca nitens Fig. 10. Fiilippiella Imoides (Smith, 107) E ze: Height: Smm if Width: Smm shown in Figure 19. This has Pelseneer, 1903, which is another Fig, 19. Adacnarca nitens Pelseneer, 1903 Size: 1 mm member of the Family Philobryidae. A very minute (less than 1 mm) shell is pictured in Figures 2D and 21. I\lo identification has been found for this shell, although it may be a member of the Mytilidae. Figs, 22 and 23. Dorsal ^nd apertural views of Neobuccinum eatoni (Smith, 1875) A second gastropod found by Jimmy Stewart in AD m off Cape Evans was T rophon lonqstaf f i Smith, 1907. The specimen pictured in Figures 24 and 25 was 4D mm in height and 25 mm in diameter. Again similar specimens were found by Gordon Robilliard in 24,4 m off Cape Armitage, The shells are dirty white and beautifully ornamented, which is unlike most cold water species. Original specimens were brought back by the National Antarctic Expedition of 1901- 1904 and named by Smith in 1907. One of the largest mollusks found in Antarctic waters is Neobuccinum eatoni (Smith, 1875). The spe- cimen pictured in Figures 22 and 23 was collected by Jimmy Stewart using scuba in 40 m (130 ft) of water at Cape Evans, Ross Island, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica in October 1974. Similar specimens were collected by Gordon Robilliard in 24.4 m (80 ft) off Cape Armi- tage.. The specimens are generally dull white with occasional traces of a light brown perios- tracum. The specimen pictured has a height of 63 mm and a diameter of 33 mm» The original description (Smith, 1875) called the species Buccinopsis eatoni . 49 Fig, 24. Dorsal view of Trophon longstaffi Fig, 25, Apertural visu of Smith, 1907 T, Irngstaffl Two species belonging to the Naticidae were brought back from off Cape Evans by Jimmy Steuart, both taken in 40 m by scuba. The first, Pellilitorina rossiana (Smith, 1907) is shown in Figures 26 and 27, Thb shell measured a height of 24 mm by a width of 21 mm,. A slightly smaller specimen of the same species was live collected by Gordon Robilliard in 24,4 m off Cape Armitage, The shells are medium brown and complete with animal and horny operculum. The species was originally called Amauropsis rossiana, but was later assigned (Hedley, 1916) to Pellilitorina, Amauropsis occurs in the Arctic region, and it is unlikely that it would have bipolar distribution. The second member of i the Naticldae which was col- lected by Jimmy Stewart was I (\latica (Kerguelenatica) ' qrisea (Martens, 1878'), The ' specimen shown in Figures 28 I and 29 measures 11 mm in ^ height and ID mm in width. The species was originally placed in the genus Amauropsis by Martens and has since been placed, at various times, | in IMatica, Friginatica, and Aolinices. The species is easily recognized by the com- posite nature of the oper- operculum warranted a new The unusual operculum is formed of both horny and calcareous materials. There is a thin calcareous layer over a strong, horny interior, and this horny interior projects uncovered around , the entire edge of the operculum.. In IMovember 197D, Jimmy Stewart, using scuba, collected several bivalves off Turtle Rock, Ross Island, McMurdo B?iy, Antarc- tica, The first, Adamussium colbecki (Smith, 1902), is shown in Figure 30, It first was brought back by the "Southern Cross" and called Pecten colbecki It has at various times also been called Chlamys colbecki Smith and Pecten racovitzai Pelseneer, The specimen pictured is 33 by 32 mm which is relatively small since specimens up to 85 by 90 mm have Fig. 30. Adamussium colbecki (Smith, 1902) been found. The species has almost a circumpolar range. It is deep purple on both valves and purple within. The other species brought bock from off Turtle Pock is pictured in Figures 31 and 32, This has caused an extensive literature search. It is tentatively called Laternula elliptica King and Broderip, 1831, although pertinent litera- Figs, 28 and 29, dorsal and apertural views of IMatica (herquelenatica) qrisea (Martens, 1878) culum. Powell (1951, p, 117) felt that the unusual subgenus and described the Subgenus Kerguelenatica. Fig, 31, Laturnula elliptica King and Broderip, 1831 Fig, 32, Internal view of hinge area of L, elliptica 51 ture and plates uiere not available in local libraries. The shell measures 30 by 20 mm which uiould be rather small for elliptica. Specimens are report- ed in the literature (Soot-Ryen, 1948) up to 97 mm, and the species is apparent- ly circumpolar. The bivalve pictured in Figure 33 was trawled in January 1967 off Macquarie Island (54030'B., 158°59'E.) in 29 to 37 m by Ronald McPeak who is presently Senior Research Biologist at Kelco in San Diego, Ca,. The specimen is Chlamys subantarctica Hedley, 1916, The original description by Hedley was from a single valve dredged in 1913 from the same general area. The original valve was worn with a large gap in its margin and was 80 mm high bv 75 mm wide. This com- pares with the 57 by 56 mm dimensions of the pictured specimen. The top valve of this specimen is a peach color and the bottom valve is white. Perhaps the rarest of all the large specimens figured in this paper is shown in Figures 34 to 36, The specimen shown is one of two dredged by Ronald McPeak in 567 m (1860 ft) in the Ross Sea in January 1967, The volute which is 35 by 17 mm belongs to the Genus Harpovoluta Thiele, 1912. The two shells have been examined very carefully, and they show some characteristics of the p^isrcot i (Lamy, 1910) and others of Harpovolut a vanhoeffeni Thiele, 1912, The shell pictured has a pointed spire as noted (Ueaver and Fig, 33, Chlamys subantarctica Hedley, 1916 Figs,. 34 and 35, Dorsal and apertural views of Harpovoluta ? duPont, 197Q) in the description of H. vanhoef f eni , whereas the second shell has a low, blunt spire as noted in the description of H. charcotl. The pre- sence of a gray-yellowish periostracum and fine revolving striae over all the whorls of the teleoconch agree with the description of charcoti . In con- trast, there is no mention of a periostracum for H, vanhoef f eni and the latter species is supposed to have revolving striae on the whorls of the teleoconch except for the adult whorl. There is mention of a glaze for H, vanhoef f eni which is present on the pictured specimen, JH, charcoti. is supposed to have a thin callus that covers the entire parietal area, and in the pictured specimen this is ab- sent except perhaps on the parietal lip. The animal as seen in Figure 36 has a prominent eye which is mentioned in the description of the animal for H. charcoti . Medley (1916, p, 53) in his description of H, vanhoef f eni noted that when the animal is present, a large commensal actinian is usually seated on the back of the shell. This agrees with the pic- ture of the live animal as taken by Ronald McPeak in 1967. To further confuse the iden- tification, Ldeaver and duPont (1970) note that a somewhat atypical specimen was given the va- rietal name striatula by Thiele in his original description of vanhoef f eni . ^'According to Thiele, this form was smaller, had a higher spire, and had microscopic striae covering the entire teleoconch. Moreover, the columella had a higher, more twisted edge than the typical vanhoef f eni . The form striatula was relegated to the synonomy of vanhoef f eni by Weaver and duPont (1970), There have been few specimens found of the charcoti , vanhoef f eni, and vanhoef f eni striatula, and it is possible that they are all forms of the same species. Therefore, this author has referred to the pictured shell as Harpovoluta ? . The last mollusk figured is a species of Lamellaria , collected by Gordon Robilliard off Cape Armitage in 24,^ m on October 15, 1974. The specimen may be the same species reported by Dayton, et.al, (1974) as a chrome yellow lamellarian which was observed to feed on ascidians, frequently drilling holes in the ascidians and denositing eggs therein. The color is right and the i location and depth are approximately the s'^e. The shell is extremely fragile and misshapen due to handling as can be seen in Figures 37 and 38. The species is most likely Miarseniopsis conica (Smith, 1902) since quite a few specimens have been taken over the years in McMurdo Sound in similar depths. The original : description and figure of this shell were not available in local libraries, Eales (1923) has a complete description of the animal, but it would require dis- section of the available specimen to confirm the suspected identification. Such investigation is beyond the scope of this article. There have been other lamellarians reported from McMiurdo Sound (Eales, 1923) but they are generally found at grfeeter depths. These include Miarseniopsis mollis (Smith, 1902) col- lected in 379 m; Marseniopsis sp. collected in 549 m; and Marseniopsis sp (second ■ unnamed species) collected in 406 to 441 m. There are many other lamellarians ,i found in other areas of the Antarctic, and there is need for work on the Family * Lamellaridae to determine the proper taxonomy and to establish the ranges for the individual species. Fig. 36, Live animal and commensal actinian of Harpovoluta ? 53 Fig, 37, Lamellaria ? ‘^□rsal v/iew Fig, 36, Apertural vieui of Lamellaria 7 Size as shown: Height: 17 mm Width: 17 mm As noted earlier, the literature on Antarctic mollusca is extensive. How- ever, the author has been hindered by the unavailability in San Diego libraries of much of the pertinent literature. The author would be indebted to anyone who can assist in the identification of the unnamed species in this article or in correcting the names of any specimens which have been misnamed. Such identifi- cations or corrections will be printed in future issues of the FE5TIUUS. Any additional Antarctic material would also be appreciated for use in future articles. The author expresses his gratitude and appreciation to the original col- lectors of the Antarctic mollusca featured in this article, Gordon Robilliard, James Stewart, and Ronald McPeak; the excellent photography by David Mulliner (figures 1 and 4 to 21), Barbara Myers (figures 2, 3, 22 to 35, 37 end 36) and Ronald McPeak (figure 36); and to Barbara Myers and Carole Hertz for their long hours of library research and help in shell identification, LITERATURE CITED Bullivant, J,S, and J.H. Dearborn, 1967, The fauna of the Ross Sea, Mew Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Bulletin 176, Part 5, 9-76, Dayton, P.K,, G.A. Robilliard, and A,L. DeUries, 1969, Anchor ice formation in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, and its biological effects. Science 163: 273-274, Dayton, P.K,, G.A, Robilliard, and R.T, Paine, 1970, Benthic faunal zonation as a result of anchor ice at McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, p. 244-258, Vol.l, Antarctic Ecology. Academic Press, London, Dayton, P.K,, G.A, Robilliard, R.T, Paine, and L.B. Dayton, 1974. Biological accomodation in the benthic community at McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Ecological Monographs: 44, Mo.l, 105-128, Eales, M.B. 1923. British Antarctic ("Terra Mova") Expedition, 1910, British Museum (Matural History), Zoology, Wol„ UII Molluscs. Hedley, C, 1916, Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911-1914, Series C, Mol, XU, Part 1. I il 5%, Koltun, U.M, 1968, Spicules of sponges as an element of the bottom sediments of the Antarctic, p, 121-3. In Symposium on Antarctic Oceanography, Scott Polar Res, Inst,., Cambridge, Powell, 1951, Antarctic and Subantarctic Mollusca: Pelecypoda and Castropoda, Discovery Reports, Uol, XXUI, pp, 47-196, Robilliard, G,A, 1972, Marine biology in Antarctica, The FESTIUUS, Vol, III, No, 11, pp. 1-5, Smithi, E,A. 1875, Description of Some New Shells from Kerguelen's Island, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Uol. XV/I, p, 68, , 1902, Report on the Collections of Natural History made in the Antarctic Regions During the Voyage of the "Southern Cross," V/ol, UII, Mollusca. pp, 201- 213, British Museumi, London, , 1907, National Antarctic Expedition, 1901-1904. Natural History, Uol, 2, Gastropoda, 1-12; Amphineura,!; Lamellibranchiata, 1-6, ^ 1915, British Antarctic ("Terra Nova") Expedition, 1910. Natural History Reports, Zoology, UOL II, Soot-Ryen, T, 1948, Norwegian Antarctic Expeditions, 1927-1928, Uol, III, Tomlin, J.R, LeB, 1939, B.A.N.Z. Antarctic Research Expedition, 1929-1931, Series B, Uol, 5, Weatrer, C.S, and J.E, duPont, 1970, The Living Volutes. Delaware Museum of Natural History, Greenville, Maryland. 55 SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA P,^RK ROOM lOiy 7:30 P.M. President: Hugh Brsdner Uics-President : Billee Dilujorth Recording Secretary June liing Corresponding Secretary : .Martin Schuler Treasurer: ..Bob Schoening Editor: Carole M, Hertz ANNUAL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o Bob Schoening, Treas. 2628 Flax Drive, San Diego, Ca, 92154. Single membership S3. 00; Family membership $4,00; Overseas surface 33,50; Student membership $2.00, CLUB ADDRESS: Address correspondence other than dues to San Diego Shell Club, c/o 3683 Mt, Blackburn Ave,, San Diego, Ca, 92111, V/ol, \yill August 1977 No, 6 * ; PROGRAM: Barbara and John Myers will give an illustrated talk on their X Puerto Rican Holiday — diving and collecting off Puerto Rico, X They will bring, as well, a sampling of the shells they collected X SAUE THE DATE! September 17 is the date for the Club's Fall Party— this X year with an African theme. It will be held at the home of Clara ♦ and Bob Schoening, 258 Slate St,, Chula V/ista. (Map and details X in the September issue). FROM THE MINUTES By JUNE KING Twenty-six people were present at the July 21 meeting. The speaker of the evening was Anthony D'Attilio who spoke on "New Coralliophilldae and Muricidae from the Ulestsrn Pacific," It was a very enjoyable and informative slide lec- ture with the superb photography by Dave Mulliner. (The talk will be featured in the September issue of the FESTIV/US X- Ed, A specimen of Amaea siapnoi DuShane was on display at the meeting. This shell was just recently described (Nautilus, July 1977). A short article on it will appear in a future issue. After refreshments, the business meeting, Minu:.G8 of the last meeting were approved. The Shell Club Auction in April netted SSOO, Plans for the September social event with African theme are going on. Offers of help and suggestions needed. It was decided that in the future those people bringing the refreshments will be responsible for setting up and making coffee and helping with the cleanup. Bob Schoening won the coveted Cypraea qoodalll , the bonus shell drawing prize, A member must be present in order to win, Tthose who could have won, in the order listed here, were John Myers, Kay Taylor, Phil Faulconer and Norm Currin)Ed, Next bonus drawing iss in November, «*«»*********«**««« 56 SYMBIOTIC RELATIDIMSHIP? By BILLEE DILUIORTH Anyone who has cleaned a Meqathura crenulata (Sowerby, 1825) knoue hou tightly the shell covers the animal, While cleaning a crenulata for eating, I uias surprised to find a small crab living inside and underneath the shell. When I had cut away the shell, out came the little crab, Opist hopus transtoersus Rathbun, 1893, (See Ueliger, V/ol, 16, no, 4, p, 427, article by Fay Wolf son ) Scripps Institute of Oceanography says this ie not an uncommon occurrence. Do you ujonder hou to prepare keyhole limpets for eating? I had heard them called keyhole abalone so in the past I had tried to slice and pound them like abalone. They were as tough as old shoe leather. The book, "The Edible Sea" says to thinly slice the animal and then put it into boiling uater. It was tender in a few minutes, and when minced made a delicious chowder. An even eas- ier way is to bring the entire shell and animal to boil. Then remove the shell and clean the limpet. Again it is tender in a few minutes. Chowder, anyone? Dors^ view of Dpisthopus transversus Uentral view of same animal IMDTES Df\l THE AfMIMUAL W.5.M, MEETIIMG By BARBARA GOOD The tenth annual meeting of the Western Society of Malacologists was held at the Kellogg West Center, California State Polytechnic University from June 15-18, 1977, A varied program was enjoyed by those attending under the capable chairmanship of Helen DuShane, Many interesting papers were presented— less technical papers than in pre- vious years and more of general interest, (Some comments were made both pro and con on this). Among the many interesting papers was a discussion of the "Trophoninae — muricid Subfamily or Catchall," by Dr, George Radwin, a paper on "Guidlines for Writer and Reader Alike," by Dr, A, Myra Keen and "New Records of the Monoplacophoran from Cortez Bank, California," by Dr, James McLean, Of special interest to me was a paper on the Xenophora by Kate St, Jean, Dn Wednesday evening a "Get Acquainted Party" was held with slides shown by members and hosted by Bert Draper, Dn Tuesday evening a profitable suction was enjoyable and increased the Society's treasury. The IMo Host Party and Banquet on Wednesday with speaker Dr. Heinz Lowenstam rounded out our activities. Next year's meeting is scheduled to be held at Santa Clara University under the presidency of Dr, Peter D'Eliscu, MIWUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ Pictured belouj are tuo mare beautiful minute shells from the Panamic re- gioHr The shells were dredged by Dave and Margaret Mulliner in 50 to 60 feet □f water, west of Smith Island, BahlTa de los Angelas, Baja California, Mexico, May 10, 1976, Photography is by Dave Mulliner, FESTIUUS staff photographer, Epitonium replicatum (Sowerby, 1844) is one of the most beautiful of Panamic Eoitonidae. The species is reported from the Gulf of California to the Galapagos Islands, The specimen pictured below is quite small, since the height of adult specimens are reported as 6,5 to 15 mm with diameters varying from 4 to 10 mm, Heliacus mazatlanlcus Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932 is the most common of the small Heliacus ranging from San Felipe, Baja California to Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands, The specimen pictured below is of average size, with a large specimen having a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 6,3 mm. Epitonium replicatum (Sowerby, 1844) Height: 5mm; width; 3mm Heliacus mazatlanicus Pilsbry & Low^ 1932 Diameter; 6mm NEUJ MEMBERS SCHMALTZ, Jane 869 Emerald St, San Diego 92109 BIBBEY, Joe 49 Citrus Ave, Imperial Beach, 92032 tillENGLD, Peter^ 8508 Ivory Coast Dr, San Diego 92126 British Museum of f\latuBal History % Audrey Meenan, Serials Dept, Cornwall Road London, England SU7-5BD CHANGE OF ADDRESS SCHCENING, Bob a Clara 258 Slate St, Chula Wista, 92011 425-3628 A FIRST DREDGING TRIP By GREG HAMANN* In December 1975 we set off for Baja California uith a homemade dredge and high hopes* Having never even seen another dredge in our lives before, it uas a real adventure. We found, at first, that it worked better as an anchor than a dredge. But after a few minor adjustments we were on our way. Dredging with a fifty pound dredge is backbreaking work— especially when we found that to dredge to 100 feet you need 300 feet of rope. During that Christmas vacation we put in several days of hard work pulling rope in the waters around Buena Uista, Baja California, On the whole it was rather disappointing— terebra, mitra, lyria, strombus, but none of the cones we were hoping for, Ue packed up to head home vowing to buy a winch for our next trip. As an afterthought we stopped in Loreto on the way home. After waterskiing on glass all day we decided to take a few evening dredges. Up came the first dredge from 100 feet full of rubble and there in bottom gleamed a yellow cone, Ouick examination produced consternation. Research at home brought only further confusion. During the next year it was classified as everything from a Conus f erqusonl to C,. virgatus. Finally, in utter frustration, I brought it to the Club shell auction, Roy Poorman took one long look at it. He pronounced it Conus xanthicus Dali, 1910 — quite a rare find, perhaps the best possible in Baja California, Somehow the rope burns on my hands mean more now. Two views of Conus * Original 35 mm slides xanthicus Dali, 1910 by Dave Mulliner and reprinted into blackS white by him. "NewsMeter DIGEST," a publication of the San Diego Gas & Electric Company reported that Gregory hwik (San Diggo Shell Club Science Fair Winner, 1977) received a second place award in the California State Science Fair in Los Angeles. Gregory's study of sea urchins won a first place award in the Greater San Diego Science Fair in April which qualified him to compete in the state competition. t:-. . '<■ ■ IP V ■ *>. * V t if ^ '^;' iK ■ , ■■ 'i",v' *%■ ‘.&I," . ::.- . WM ■ ••9lfl ’$4; -'-^C' T! ' »v C*' Si i' ; t jw' t " ^‘-nr^ •. i*; Ip,. £ ■i?- ji ’vT^ita**. .'' ! r ,.:. ' • fe .^Vl ■ ^ ' ji S >’' ■' ■ 1 :frf;:, ','ikhm 1. I' ■h: f. I M rv " ■’j?® ■it. ' . ■4P%*‘-: : '#''i^0,^I^J;, ■;;i. 4s:^::U%i.!^^ ^}’ft»^''1^^c^!;|^;!‘;^ Wi . ^f' ' hi^m. ',f>ft|flB ,'^^i 4.;:? ^i-=i' ■" ,.oii WB ' <’'1.^: 'liiO c.iS.'tf^sr- ' Lmc. Ourl'r^.g ^tfia ns^t' y&ar ^^tv ta C,. virdstu®*"- ?irib-iXv4' tn • .^aif ',*jy >'' >»■’ ;',)^r‘'-tl"|. -t'oc t i o?i » ,. fj biit»5«»^' 1». ,’r^i i' ?>■' & ??■;>« :w '^”» y" SsSs^is2|^5^ _ '■'■ ■■' " '■' '‘■^'”f■^■;'■i<''lCfS* ■"S?* itiiRS? .. Us :»•' ■ /■ W'M- WILLIAM H. DAI.U SECTiONAL LIBRARY / Mt- r>fVlf^lON Gf MOi ' 40l “F FESTIVUS SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADG 0AL3CA P.^RK RODM lOiv 7:30 P.M. President: Hugh Bradner Uica-President : Billee Dilujorth Recording Secretary :... •.June W.ng Corresponding Secretary : .Martin Schuler Treasurer: ..Bob Schoening Editor: Carole M, Hertz AfMNUAL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o Bob Schoening, Treaa. 2828 Flax Drive, San Diego, Ca. 9215L. Single membership S3.00; Family membership SU.OQ; Overseas surface 33,50; Student membership S2.00, CLUB ADDRESS: Address correspondence other than dues to San Diego Shell Club, c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave,, Ban Diego, Ca. 92111, (:////) 7 Uol.^J^C September 1977 No, 9 * COME TO THE PARTY!!! Come to a bit of Africa at the Schoenings' home at J 258 Slate St,, Chula V/ista, Partytime at 6:00 P.M, (For details • see map page — last page of this issue.) DATE: September 17, FROM THE MINUTES By Marty Schuler The August 18 meeting at the Casa del Prado was well attended. The meeting commenced with an excellent program on shelling in Puerto Rico by Barbara and John Myers with a display of many of the shells they collected. During the business meeting a food list for the September party was passed around (see map page for particulars). The shell drawing was won by John Myers, Jane Schmaltz offered to donate her shell sketches on cards as an additional monthly door prize — which Peter Uienold won this month. CHANGE OF ADDRESS SCHUJARZ, Anne 7L31 Caminito Carlotta San Diego, Ca, 92120 286-0335 FERGUSON, Raymond A, 8517 Rumson Drive Santee, Cg, 92071 562-1916 MEMBERS UALL, Toni 1930A Florida Ct, San Diego^ Ca. 92104 295-4055 ****** **** GO A NEU EPITQIMID FROM THE OCEAN DEPTHS By HUGH BRADNER The abyssal ocean uas long considered almost devoid of life, until deep flash-cameras showed fish, brittle stars and Crustacea, In recent years oceanographers have learned that the ocean floor supports a large variety of creatures in spite of the lack of light, the scarcity of nutrients, the great pressure and the cold. In May 1975 Bill Siapno, *^hief Scientist of Deepsea V/entures, brought to La Jolla a number of interesting specimens that had been found among the man- ganese nodules dredged on an exploratory mining venture in 14,521 ft, deep water about 120n miles BSU of San Diego, The finds included large Carcharodon teeth ten to twenty million years old, teeth of Miocene pelagic sharks, worm tubes, small brittle stars, a small bivalve and a whale ear bone, which were donated to the Uiestern Society of Malacologists for their 1976 Spring Auction, In addition, the San Diego Museum of Natural History was given a live-collected specimen of a new species of Amaea (Gastropoda ; Epitoniidae ) , This new species, named Amaea siapnoi by Helen DuShane, is described in the Nautilus SI 37-88 (July 1, 1977), The shell is off-white in color; length about 4D mm, (The nuclear and immediate post-nuclear whorls are missing, DuShane conjectures that the livB-tsken specimen was damaged in the dredge); sides of the whorls are more perpendicular than in most Amaea, giving it a columnar outline. Costae are not continuous from whorl to whorl, (I am abridging Helen DuShane's description because I consider that few FE5TIWU5 readers will have oc- casion to check whether they own an Amaea siapnoi ) , DuShane mentions three other Amaea collecT^ in deep water as shown below: Species Amaea (Scalina) terminiana " " pompholyx " ” luxus " " siapnoi Location Amaea siapnoi DuShane, 1977 Depth (meters) Peru 118-1333 Galapagos Is, 1485 Aogashima Is, 3150-3350 540 mi, from 4426 Clarion Is, Bill Siapno has set an admirable precedent among deep-ocean miners, by his alertness in collecting unusual specimens and his thoughtfulness in making them available to malacologists. As always, the FEIjTIVUS needs articles. They need not be long and they need not be typed but they need to be submitted — more often and by more members, lilithout your articles we have only a front page. Send or give your article to Carole Hertz — anytime soon. 61. MINUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ Featured this month are tuo shells of the Family Fissurellidae dre^ed by Dave and Margaret Mulliner. They are from west of Smith Island, Bah^a de los Angeles, Baja ‘-■alif ornia, Mexico, They uere dredged from 50 to 60 feet on May ID, 197B, Photographs are by Dave Mulliner, FESTIUUS staff photographer, Emarqinula v/elascoensis Shasky, 1961 is a small white shell from the Genus Emarqinula Lamarck, 1001,. It is typified by its slit at the anterior margin, apex posterior, and cancellats structure. Rimula mexicana Berry, 1969 is a small white shell with cancellate structure,. The elongate fissure midway on the anterior slope identifies it as a member of the Genus Rimula Defrance, 1827 From .iDHESIl/ES AGE magazine of July 1977, "5ea Mussel to Y|eld Dental Adhesive" comes information on research being done by Dr. Dale P, DeWore from Battele's Columbus Laboratories. Dr, DeWore had been studying the adhesive material of the sea mussel. The goal of this study is the development of an "efficient waterproof adhesive" for dental work such as filling small cavities, cementing fillings in place, mending broken teeth and fastening orthodontic appliances to teeth. The scientists began by studying the fluid secreted by the mussel's foot. They found thut this material forms the byssus thread but that a chemically dif- ferent adhesive (a protein of low molecular weight with qualities which control as well as cause hardening) forma the discs at the ends of the threads which attach the byssus threads to the rocks or other substrate. It is in this diac cement that Dr. DeV/ore's interest lies. He believes that this material which is "secreted from a depression on the outer tip of the 'foot'" will result in a "practical dental cement." There are still, however, problems to be solved such as the color of this mussel disk cement — dark brown is not quite suitable for dental cement. Emarqinula velascoensis Shasky, 1961 Length: 5. .5mm, Width: 4mm, Height: 2mm Rimula mexicana Berry, 1969 Length: 4mm, Width: 2,5mm, Height: 2mm 62 PUERTO RICAN HOLIDAY By BARBARA MYER Q * The easternmost island of the Greater Antilles, Puerto Rico lies a thousand miles southeast of Miami. Rectangular in shape, 111 miles long and thirty- six miles wide, lush, historic, controversial and strategically important be- cause of its central location between North and South America at one of the major entrances to the Caribbean Sea, it is a link in the chain of 7,000 tropical islands called the kJest Indies* Discovered by Columbus on his second voyage in 1493, he named it San Ouan Bautista replacing the Indian name of Boriquen. Ponce de Leon, who had been with Columbus on his second voyage of discovery, began colonization of the island for Spain in 1508 and became its first Governor in 1508* He named the first settlement Puerto Rico (Rich Port), but in 1521 moved the settlement across San Juan Bay and in the process the settlement was renamed San Juan and the island eventually took the name Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico continued as a Spanish colony until 1898 when, by the Treaty of Paris, Spain ceded Puerto fUco to the United States, The Jones-Shaf rdth Act of 1917 proclaimed American citizenship for Puerto Ricans and in 1950 President Truman signed into law the right of Puerto Rico to draft its own constitution under the Commonwealth form of government. The Puerto Rican connection is Lt. Robert Carter, UBNR, scuba diver, boat owner, pilot and superhost* He and his wife, Linda, and their two children showed us their favorite diving spots, collected with us and shared their trea- sures if we weren't so lucky. The Navy Base, Roosevelt Roads, is located at the extreme eastern end of the island. Most of our diving and collecting was here in and around the numerous coves, reefs and the island of Uieques (easily reached by boat) nine miles to the east * The Spanish Main, pirate treasure, El Morro Castle which made San Juan the best fortified harbor in the West Indies, are all part of the ro- mantic legend of Puerto Rico, Construction of this massive fort at the harbor entrance was begun in 1539. The rock and limestone sea walls rise 140 feet in four successive tiers of fire, each tier self-contained and completely separated from the others except for narrow, cunningly contrived communications. The fort is honeycombed with rooms For powder magazines, supply depots, repair shops, prisons, kitchens, offices and living quarters. In 1949 it was made a National Historic Site, With Bob as pilot we were able to fly to Mona Island, 42 miles off the southwest coast of Puerto Rico, A small island on nineteen square miles rising 150 feet from the sea, hot, flat and unin- habited, it is home for the rare mammoth (7ft.) iguana. The waters off Mona are shark infested and all paths leading to the beach warn of "tiburones." Although we saw no sharks that day, we did see two five foot barracudas and our diving area was lined with stinging fire coral. There is no water on the island and exploring in one of the many caves, we discovered an old five gallon can collecting water Epitonium lamellosum (Lamarck, 1816) 29 X 12 mm, Intertidal — dead collected 63 from a stalactite labelled "the fountain of youth.” Landing and takeoff were a little hairy becauae of the offshore winds and barely cleared runway, but our intrepid pilot made it look like a piece of cake. Returning from Mona Island we flew over Arecibo lonostiheric Observatory located in the isolated rugged Krast area of Puerto Rico, This 1,000 ft, diameter radio telescope keeps vigil for radio' signals from outer space. Our trip up the narrow, winding mountain road to the 30,000 acre National Rain Forest was a scenic, although drenching, adventure. Shrouded with clouds, El Yunque, 3,483 feet above sea level receives ISO inches of rain a year and contains nearly 250 species of trees, more than any national forest in the U.S, Lie visited St. Thomas, one of the U.S, Virgin Islands, only thirteen miles long and three miles wide, but Charlotte Amalie, a free port, is one of the best known shopping areas in the Caribbean, A quaint town with its narrow wind- ing lanes, cobbled streets, 300 year old Fort Christian (now a museum) and Bluebeard's Castle, Some of the highlights of the scuba dives John made offshore to 60 feet were finding Lyropecten nodosus (Linne, 1758)^ Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781j Murex brevif rons Lanarck, 1822/ Cassis tuberosa (Linne, 1758); Xenophora conchyliophora (Born, 1780); bymatium femorale (Linne, 1758) and a two inch Coralliophila abbreviata (Lamarck, 1816 ) , inding an $18,000 Polaris dummy added an extra ex- citement to an otherwise routine Spondylus dive. In shallow wqter free diving, we found the common Cyphoma qibbosum (Linne, 1758) and the rather un- common C, sionat urn Pilsbry & McCinty, 1939 on sea fans together with Coralliophila caribaea Abbott, 1958 Coralliophila caribaea (Lamarck, 1816) 22X14 mm. at the base of the sea fans. Modulus modulus (Linne, 1758)* Cerithium eburneum Bruguiere, 1792; C, litteratum (Born, 1778) and T urbo castanea Gmelin, 1791 were abundant on Halimeda sp,, a green calcified algae covering the bottom of the lagoons, Astraea tuber (Linne, 1758) was very common but Astraea caelata (Gmelin, 1791) and Astraea phoebia Riding, 1798, long spined with a faint orange ring around the um- bilicus/were hard to find, Engoniophos unicinctus (Say, 1825) was uncommon in sand just below low tide. Stings from the black long spined urchin and a barracuda following me around were some of the hazards, but the fantastically clear, warm water and the all new flora and fauna outweighed caution, fear and pain, Nerita versicolor Gmelin, 1791/ Nodilittorina t uberculata (Menke, 1838 )/ T ectarius muricata (Linne, 1758) and Acanthopleura granulatus (Gmelin, 1791) were the dominant species in the high inter- ^ Enooniophos unicinctus (Say, 1825) 26X13 mm. tidal zona with Chiton tuberculatua Linna, 1758 being the moat obvious in the under rock habitats Puperlta pupa (Llnne, 1767) and Nerlta peloronta Linna, 1758 uera only found in abundanca at Mona Island, Chiton tuberculatua Linna, 1758 45X25 mm. Color variable from black to green to tan — speckled and clouded A complete list of species collected ie: Hemito.ii;:' octor^di t (G:nelin, 1791) DiodoP' lister! (t-rbigny, 1842) DiO'^OT:i icinut' (L' n: rc'-:, 1S2.0 Fissur^ll" no'i::>s- (oorn, 1779) rissurelle b.- rb;-.densis (Giielln. 1791) tissurell- roses (G'^ielin, 1791) Acrri- ea ..ntillKriOiTi (boverby, 1331) scni-e- pustule t- (Qelbling, 1779 J '-.erase:-, leucopleurj (Graelin, 179l) CittariuTi oics (binrie, 1733) Tegula fasciats (Born, 1778) Tegula lividora-'Ci^ata (C.B. Ad. ms, 1845) Tegula excav-jt: (L?ra: refc, 1822) Teguls hotessierlana (Jrbigny, 134^) Turbo cestanea Graelin, 1791 Astraea caelats (Graelin, 1791) Astreea tuber (Linne, 1758) Astraea phoebia Koding, 1798 Astraea tecta a.meric.^nc. (Graelin, 1791) Nerito peloront::. Linne, 1758 Nerits versicolor Graelin, 1791 Merits tessellata Graelin, 1791 '-^uperita pupa (Linne, 1767) Li'ttorina lineolata Orbigny, I84O Littorina angustior (vlorch, 1876) Littorina, raeleagris Potiez and [vlichaud, 1838 Littorina ziczac (Graelin, 1791) Littorina angulifera (La.raarck, 1822) 65. Nodilittorina tuberculata (Menk®. 1828) Tectarius murlcatus (Llnne, 1758) Petaloconchus erectus (Dali, 1888) Planaxis lineatus (da Costa, 1778) Planaxis nucleus (Brugulere, 1789) Modulus modulus (Linne, 1758) Batillaria minima (Gmelin, 1791) Cerithium atratrum (Born, 1778) Ceritheura lutuosum Menke, 1828 Cerithium litteratum (Born, 1778) Cerithium eburneum Bruguiere, 1792 Cerithium eburneim form algicola C.B. Adams, 1845 Epitoneura lamellosum (Lamarck, 1822) - dead Crucibulum auricula (Gmelin, 1791) Xenophora conchyliophora (Born, 1780) Strorabus gigas Linne, 1758 Strombus pugilis Linne, 1758 Strombus raninus Gmelin, 1791 Strombus costatus Gmelin, 1791 Cyphoma gibbosura (Linne, 1753) Cyphoma signatum Pilsbry and McGinty, 1939 Morum oniscus (Linne, 1767) Cassis tuberosa (Linne, 1758) Cassis flamraea (Linne, 1758) Cassis madagascariensls Lamarck, 1822 - gift from Carters Cypraecassis testlculus (Linne, 1758) - dead Charonia variegata (Lamarck, 1816) - gift from Carters Cymetiura muricinura (Roding, 1798) - one Cymatium femorale (Linne, 1758) Murex poraum Gmelin, 1791 Murex brevifrons Lamarck, 1822 - one Morula nodulosa (C.B. Adams. 1845) Purpura patula (Linne, 1758) Thais haema storaafloridana (Conrad, 1837) Thais rustlca (Lamarck, 1822) Thais deltoidea (Lamarck, 1822 Coralliophila abbreviate (Lam-rck, 1816) Coralliophila caribaea Abbott, 1958 Columbella mercatoria (Linne, 175S) Nitidella nitida (Lamarck, 1322) Mitrella ocellhta (Gmelin, 179l) Cosmioconcha nitens (C.B. Adams, 1850) Engoniophos unicinctus (Say, 1825) Leucozonia nassa (Gmelin, 1791) Leucozonia. ocellata (Gmelin, 1791) Fasciolaria liliura G P’ischer, 1807 Oliva reticularis Lamarck, 1810 Hyalina tenuilabra (Tomlin, 1917) - one Vasum muricatum (Born, 1778) Conus raus Hwass, 1792 - one small Conus Jaspideus Gmelin, 1791 - one Conus Jaspideus stearnsi Conrad, 1869 - one small Chiton tuberculatus Linne, 1758 Chiton viridis Spengler, 1797 Chiton squa.mosis Linne, 1764 - Mona Is. Chiton marmor^tus Gmelin, 1791 - Mona Is. Acanthooleura granulata (Gmelin, 1791) Callaplax janeirensis (Gray, 1828 Callistochiton shuttleworthianus Pilsbry, 1893 Stenoplax erythronota (C.B. Adams, 1845) Barbatie. cancellaria (Lamarck, 1819) Barbatia Candida (Helbling, 1779) Barbatia domingensis (Lamarck, 1819) Area zebra (Swainson, 1833) Anadara notibilis (Roding, 1798) Pteria colymbus (Roding, 1798) Pinctada imbricata Roding, 1798 Isognomon radiatus (Anton, 1839) Isognoraon alatus (Graelin, 1791) Lyropecten nodosus (Linne, 1758) - one Ostraea equestris Say 1834 Spondylus araericanus Hermann, 1781 Lima lima (Linne, 1758) - one small Lima scabra (Born, 1778) Chamci macerophylla (Gmelin, 1791) Lsevicardium laevigatus ^Linne, 1758) Trachycardium inuricr, turn (Linne, 1758) li/lacoma consbrict (Bruguiere, 1792) Cyclinella tenuis (Recluz, 1852) Codakia orbicularis (Linne, 1758) * Photographs by Barbara Myers ./V I- '4|.* + + * + + ***it** + «i*)tt***** + * + :tt#**>(<>l< + # + **i|<******itt***>t>+****#******Ht**i(i************** PRDGRQM; DATE: October 20. TIME: 7:45 promptly This evening will be a double feature, SHELL SOAP NIGHT and Maroe Bradner giving an illustrated talk on REMOTE ISLANDS OF TAHITI— T AHA ' A 1977 Room 103 This meeting will be a departure from the usual format. The brief busi-J ness meeting will be first (Nomination of Officers for 1978), followed * by the speaker for the evening. Swap Night will follow this talk and * continue for the rest of the evening. For this reason the meeting will * begin promptly at 7:45P.M, Bring your shells for swapping. Tables will* be set up in the meeting room, while wheeling and dealing. Enjoy coffe^ refreshments and comaraderig SHELL CLUB FALL PARTY By MARGE BRADNER It was a clear and balmy evening. The iridescence of the pool was sur- rounded by flaming tiki torches and glowing coals. The bou bou and caftan garbed guests danced and pranced to African music and jungle drums. , .inter- spersed freguently with the wild call of our own Tarzan, The sheltered safari buffet was covered with tantalizing dips and chips, mouth-watering fresh fruits, steaming kasha... with the aroma of couscous waft- ing over all. The inner person was revitalized c-^ ntinuslly by an invigorating dark continent libation. Our own starlets presented an enchanting leopard water ballet. As the evening wore on others joined the swimmers and by the end of the evening unsus- pecting by-standers were thrown into the gyrating cauldron, A good time was had by all..., much admiration for the Schoenings new home ....many thanks to our genial host and hostess, COUSCOUS- a la Shell Club adapted by Marge Bradner Boil one chicken and cut in bite sized pieces, reserving 6 cups of chicken broth. Saute 4 cloves garlic and 2 med, onions chopped, in 2 tbsp. oil until soft. Add 6 ©z. tomato paste and 4C. chicken broth. Stir and add )^tsp. each salt, cumin, cayenne, trumeric, pepper. Prepare 4 ribs of celery and 1 bell pepper cut in 1” pieces and 4 carrots sliced in rounds, and add to above mixture, When the vegetables are tender, add chicken and 15 oz. can of garbanzo beans well drained, one 8 oz. can artichoke hearts (not marinated) and 2 tbsp. caraway seeds. Heat and serve with rice and kasha. Coconut “"hutney * To each Klb, grated or flaked coconut, add the juice and rind of one large lemon, 3 green onions chopped fine, dash salt, red pepper to taste^ Let mellow two or three hours before serving. Peanut Sauce To one pound jar Laura Scudder's peanut butter add equal amount boiling water. First stir carefully ^.-nd then beat. h.dd more water if needed to make somewhat blobby sauce. Add 2 tbsp, dried chopped onions and few drops hot sauce (salsa type) to taste. Serve warm or at room temperature, ♦Thanks to June King for the side dishes. MINUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ 69 Although seldom featured, bivalves are also commonly found in dredging off Baja California, Mexico, The tuo shells pictured below were dredged by Dave and Margaret Mulliner, west of Smith Island, Bahfa de loa Angeles, Baja Lalifornia, Mexico on May ID, 1976 in 50 to 60 feet of water. Photographs are by Dave Mulliner, FE5TIUUS staff photographer. One of the prettiest of the minute bivalves is Lucina undatoides Hertlein and Strong, 1945. This shell is extremely rare in grunge and is generally confined to the Gulf of California area. It is a member of the Family Lucinidae, Another small bivalve found in the dredging was Chione marlae (Drbigny, 1846), This has a much wider range, and grows to a maximum length of about 23 mm. It has strong raised lamellae and is a member of the Family Veneridae, Lucina undatoides Hertlein & Strong 1945 Chione mariae (Qrbigny, 1846) Width: 5mm,; Height: 6mm. Width: 7mm.; Height: 5mm, TIDES FOR THE NURTHERN GULF OF CmLIFDRIMIA OCT. - DEC. 1977 The time is Mountain Standard (MST). IMo tides higher than -4' are listed here. Oct . 12. -4.0' at 7: 00 P.M. f\lov, 9, -4,0' at 6:00 P.M. Dec, 9. -5.5 at 7:00 P.M. Oct. 13, -4,4» at 8: 00 P.M. Nov, ID. -5,0' at 7:00 P.M. Dec , ID. -6.0 at 7:30 P.M. Oct, 14. -4.0' at 8: 30 P.M. Nov. 11. -5.5' at 8:00 P.M. Dec, 11. -6.0 at 8:30 P.M. Nov, 12, -5,0'. at 8:30 P.M. Dec. 12. -5.0 at 9:00 P.M. Nov, 13. -4,0' at 9:00 P.M. Our thanks to Margaret Mulliner for the preparation of this table. New Member Change of Address WCDLSEY, Mnry Jo (Jody) 3717 Bagley ive. #206 Los Angeles, Ca, 90034 DILWURTH, Billee 6333 La Jolla Blvd #171 La Jolla, “^a. 92037 HAIGH, Lfnest S, 6533 Orangewood Ave, Cypress, Ca, 90630 70 i- (\1EU OR PDDRLY-K.^JDUIM CDRALL IDPHILIDAE AND MURICIDAE FRDM THE WESTERN PACIFIC By ANTHONY D'ATTILID* This series of articles will consist of species of Coralliophilidae and Muricidae recently discovered and apparently undescribed which do not appear in some of the latest works on Muricacea* The species to be covered are from the western Pacific, principally off Bohol Island in the Philippines, and a few from Hawaii and Guam, None of this material, as you may surmise, is found intertidally , The shells have been taken by scuba diving or gained by means of trapping or trawling. The specimens, none of exceptionally large size, range from a few millimeters to about 35 mm. The Philippine species are the result of col- lecting by dropping tangle nets in various depths ranging from COO to SCO feet, Bohol Island is south of Cebu and separated from Mindanao Island by the Mindanao Sea, Just where on this extensive shoreline the specimens are being obtained is not indicated, I suppose the information is considered a trade secret by the captains or owners of the vessels used in these operations. The negative results of this form of collecting and sales are, from the scientific viewpoint, that much information touching on taxonomy as well as other biological disciplines remains unknown, I refer to all the living con- ditions of these anii als in their environment and factors of a functional nature which undcubtedly contribute to their form or morphology in the widest sense of these words. However let us be thankful for even these small gifts of shells obtained only because collectorsi/ as a numerous clan^ are willing to underwrite the ex- pense of operating these collecting vessels by their willingness to purchase specimens thus made available. Taxonomy has always been a branch of science which has been largely ig- nored or looked down upon as of relatively little impcrtance. Governments and private funding bodies through educational institutions, grants etc, have in the p;"st contributed very little in the way of financial aid to taxonomic workers, professional or otherwise. As for the inclusion of non-professional workers or amateurs in the field of Taxonomy I would recommend the remarks of the famous entymologist , Richard E, olackwelder, an officer and founder of the publication "Systematic Zoology" For his thounhts on the valuable contributions made by conscientous amateurs, read the following taken from his article "Tuienty-f ive Years of Taxonomy," Systematic Zoolony, V/ol., 26, No, 2, pp. 107-137, June 1977, ' In our time there has been a tendency to look down on the idea of taxonomy by amateurs. This is yery unfortunate. Many of these people are hichly ex- perienced, dedicated to their work, and unusually productive,.,, ' The record of the "amateurs" in systematic zcology will not justify the ! opinionCof those scientists iiiho insist on observat ion ' of the results of labora- ' tory experiments) that =^mateurs are deleterious and unscientific. Taxonomy is the field of observation of the results of Nature's experiments; in this occu- pation there is no sharp line between self-trained scientists and those that earned a Fh.D. in a university laboratory. Many of the most prolific taxonomists have started out in such prosaic jobs as locomotive factory worker, housewife, professional collector, or physician, aa well as in such more glamorous situa- tions as gentleman of leisure, member of the House of Lords, or officer in the army ♦Photography by FE^TIUUS staff photographer, Dave Mulliner 71 In this first article, the pictured specimens are all from the family Muricidae; the genera F avartia and Murexlella in the subfamily Muricopsinae, snd Fazinotus in the subfamily Muricinae, F av/art ia sp. Dorsal and ventral views Approx, size: lD-12 mm. Location: Guam This specimen of F avartia was taken by diving in 6G ft, of water in coral rubble. The shell is translucently colored either yellow, pink or orange and is very frilly. F avartia sp. Dorsal and ventral views Approx, size: 15 mm» Location: off Bohol Is. Philippines This small frilly shell was taken in tanglenets. It is white with a pink aperture and in flushed with pink around the apertur e. 7?. ^urexlella sp. Dorsal and ventral views Approx, size: 19 mm. Location: off Bohol Is, Phil ionines Murexiella sp. Dorsal and ventral views Approx, size: 19 mm. Location: off aohol Is 'Philippines Doth of the atove Liurexiella were taken in tanglenets in the N’indanao Pea off Bohol Is. Thay are both the same species i:iith the bottom specimen having the more characteristic length of canal. It is likely that the uoner specimen with the elongtjte canal came from a muddy or sandy substrate. These specimens are unguest ionao ly Lurexi ella as determined by radula studies done by the au- thor and Dr, aeorge Badwin, 73 Pazinotus sp, Approx, size: 25 mm. Location : Hawaii George Padwin and I considered this dredoed specimen to tae a species described in the last century as Murex f unaf ut iensis Hedley, 1899. This, and a species we refer to as Pazinotus smithi (Gchepman, 1911) extend the range of the genus from the single recent ‘-'aribbean species to the Indo Pacific. (For Pazinotus st impsonl , see the Murex book). FCR YLUR IHFFiRM \TIL'H The Gan Giego Shell Glub will order the Raduin & D'Attilio book, MUREX 'HELLS FjF the lJl^RLD at a discount. The price for this "^35. book will be 524.78 in- cluding tax and nostage. If interested, contact Bob Schoening on or before the October, The annual Gpristmas Party will be on December IFI at the Cafe Del Rey Moro in the Granada Room, .x-EJE THE D JE. CULLECTUR TIPS By BILLEE DILLGRTH Are you tired of the foam rubber in ymr shell boxes disintegrating on your shells? Twila Bratcher c.me up with a marvelous idea. She took a package of Dacron batting (meant for filling a guilt), cut it in four pieces for easy handling and cooked them one at :=> time in a laundry tub with about % bottle of Rit liquid dye. By turning the Dpjcron a few times, the sheet of material comes out quite nicely dyed. She used royal blue and ended up with - pretty blue background for shell boxes. Use any color that you like for your collection, IJhen Dacron is at the desired color, squeeze cut the dye and hang it over a line or fence. It dries very quickly. Dacron batting costs under 56, and a bottle of dye about tl,5G, Size of the batting is 72" X 90" and that will fill slot of boxes. T m I ■ ,: ^ • * V .- • '•■• ".^- ■: "*'S . ^ 4,'(®{ yiSj :. \ ' . ■ : ' ;v « lS| i; .. .* . ■ ':. -•- <;-;.A :: "■-•■-/? V, ? ■ >^*-, ■*:-.: ii';'-' iS"’ '|y£l> ■’>"■■' l>«vT i: ■'£' ^ '.kv'.' y. ■ V '.V ‘., ■? C' Cl ' . •' -jc. :"■.■ ■■’ ..' ■ ■■ mM m nfF iFFyi I'’< • ■ iy Fy ■ ■■:(■ , j'C :r • ',:. jjv, :-i t- 4. * ^ * - '■ Mii; «'• I'M '1 - . * •'Sf5IXt3lJ' :i.i:r:rm "iWii'im'i ““ :'l 'i-i i' ■■.; '. >X ! '*•; '■'f^'l.W- 5^‘ 'r^'. ' .f ' 'i .; ■■.;• r ''J!/^'*;.'..'? ’ vy" xi^j- i'i •' • ' r r ; n ^ i, i[: i.' ir k'i' ■ ' VA/'-h'’ . ''V.'. WILLIAM h’. DALL SECTiONAL LIBRARY niViSiON OF MOLLUSK^ .H. fistivus ^ P^l8 DIEGO SHELL CLUB ^ FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 iVlOilm MEETS THIHD THURSDAY CASfi DEL PRADO BAL30A PARH ROOM lO^v 7:30 P.M. President: Hugh Brsdner Uica-Preaident : Billea Diluorth Recording Secretary June lAing Corresponding Secretary : .Martin Schuler Treasurer: Bob Schoening Editor: Carole M, Hertz aimoUmL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc,, c/o Bob Schoening, Treae. 256 Slate ut, San Diego, Ca, 92011 Single membership S3, 00; Family membership $L,00; Overseas surface 33,50; Student membership S2.0D, CLUB ADDRESS: Address correspondence other than dues to San Diego Shell Club, ^ c/o 3603 Mt, Blackburn Awe,, San Diego, Ca, 92111, ITTTTC^) Wol, ‘ IMovemtrer 1977 IMo, i]|. * * * PROGRAM; Greg Hamann uill speak on Shelling in Madagascar in Mosey Be * I (which means bi^ island. He will bring in shells from the J I area* . . ! . ^ - * I Movember 17, 197/ Casa Del Prado, Room lOL 7:30 P.M, ♦ j Bonus Shell Drawing at this meeting, A Cypraea sanquinolen ta ^ * donated by the Bradners will be the prize, YOU MUST BE PRESEMT { TO UIM. f COME TO THE CHRISTMAS PARTY! December 10 in the Granada Room at the I Cafe Del Rey Moro in Balboa Park, Cocktails (no host bar) BrOO p.M, * Dinner at 7;15P,M, For details see inside page of this issue, FROM THE MIMUTES - OCTOBER 20, 1977 By JUNE KING The mseting came Id order at 7:45 P.M,. Thirty~six people were present. Announcement was made that the February issue of the FESTIVUS would be a memorial issue to George Radwin, Carole Hertz, editor, asked for suggestions and articles of a scientific nature to include in this issue which will be a tribute to his scientific accomplishments. The Christmas Party was discussed and the program and bonus drawing For the Movember meeting. The slate of nominations for officers for the coming year was presented, Oune King, president; Phil Faulconer, vice-president; Bob Schoening, treasurer; June Kirkpatrick, recording secretary; Sandy Seckington, corresponding secretary# Mominations from the floor will be accepted at the Movember meeting at which time the election will be held. «««««*««##* *# 15 » After the business meeting, Marge gave a charming and infcirmative talk ujith slides on a recent trip to Tahaa— Remote Island of Tahiti. (Ulriteup to appear in January FESTIUU5. Ed.). The latter part of the meeting was given over to cookies and shell swap. The swap appears to have been a gfreat success with members participating happily and, we think, profitably. It was fun and many shells changed owners. Many thanks to ^on Pisor who arbitrated on values. BERZIIMS, Ivars and Jacqueline 4667 ijJ. Talmadge Drive San Diego, Ca, 92116 280-9643 IMEU MEMBERS RILEY, hen and Jackie 9393Helix Chula Wista, Ca, 92011 427-4568 ROUJORTH, Edwin 1301 Windsor Dr, Cardif f-By-The-Sea Ca. 92007 753-3903 THE FESTIWUS DCES IMQT PUBLISH AIM ISSUE IIM DECEMBER, ABOUT THE CHRISTMAS PARTY The Club's annual Christmas Party will be held on December 10, at the Granada Room of the Cafe Del Rey Moro. A no host cocktail hour will begin at 6:00 P^M. Dinner will be at 7:15 P.M. At the November meeting we will vote, without discussion, between -^wo entrees . 1, Baron of Beef (last year's choice) 2, Breast of Capon Cordon Bleu Dinner includes green salad, vegetables, dessert and coffee or tea, (The Club will furnish the table wine). Cost of the evening is S7.20, Participate in the gift exchange at the party. Remember that each member brings a gift wrapped, quality shell with data. (On the outside put only general area i*e, Indo-Pacif ic, Caribbean). These gifts will be placed under the tree for the gift exchange, one of the highlights of the evening. Only those who bring gifts may participate. To make your reservation, send your check for $7,20 to Bob Schoening by December 3, FOR YOUR INFORMATION 1, A fund haa been established in memory of Dr, Radwin by the Natural History Museum, It is being called "The George Radwin Memorial Bund for Marine Invertebrate Studies.” For those who wish to donate, the address is: Box 1390, San Diego, Ca, 92112. For further information you can call the museum at232-3821, 2, The FEGTIUUS does not publish a December issue, 3, Bob Schoening is accepting orders for "The Living Cowries” by Burgess, The price will be 137,50 plus postage aWB handling. Notify Bob by November 11, 76. (MElij DR PODRLY^HlMDljJIM CDRALLIOPHILIDAE AIMD MURICIDAE FROM THE WESTERN PACIFIC PART II By AIMTHDNY D»ATTILIO In this second article, the pictured specimens are in the CoralliophilidaB, □ne is in the genus Coralliophila and the rest are Latiaxis . As with the Muricidae in the last article, most of these specimens were taken in tanglenets. The location data received on these shells is alsD of a general nature. Coralliophila sp. Dorsal and ventral views Approx, size: AO mm Location: Hawaii This is a robust shell, off-white, tinged with tan and and taken by diving. Latiaxis sp. Dorsal and ventral views Approx, size: 70 mm Location: East Durban, South Africa this specimen was taken in commercial fishing traps. It is a member of the Latiaxis kawamurai complex although it was named as a new species. Shell color is white. 77 Lat laxls sp. Dorsal and v/entral vieus Approx, size: 30 mm Location: Bohol Is, Philippines This also is probably a form of the kawamurai complex from Tosa Bay, Japan, Shell color is uhite. The more frilly nature of the keel is in- dicative of more tropical uia t er s , This splendid specimen is a very pure white shell without any spines but with extremely fine spiral chords and lamellae which at the shoulder keel are very apparent . Latiaxis sp. Dorsal and ventral views . Approx, size: 40 mm Location: Bohol Is. Philippines 70 Latiaxls sp. Dorsal and ventral views Approx, size: 30 mm Locntion: Bohol Is,, Philippines This shell is from deep water off the continental shelf in the Mindanao Sea. It has a well-defined shoulder keel and is white tinged with warm brownish red. Lat iaxis sp. Dorsal ana ventral views Approx, size: 33 mm Location; Bohol Is,, Philippines Because of its lack of a spiny shoulder keel, species of this type are referred to as Coralliophila ra-ther than Latiaxls . often 79 Latiaxls gp. Dorsal and ventral views Approx, size: 30 mm Location: Bohol Is, Philippines This is a pale, reddish brown shell taken, as the others, in tanglenets. Latiaxis sp, V/entral and dorsal views Approx, size: 20 mm Location: In Japanese waters (Tosa Bay?) This is a white shell with pink tipped spines. It is shorter and more biconic with lower and more c3ose-set ribs than the following specimen. It has well developed spiral sculpture. Approx size: 20 mm Location; In Japanese waters (Tosa Bay?) This white shell with pink tipped spines is a more slander and spiny species than the previous one, with its costae, (axial ribs) more distantly placed. sp. l/entral and dorsal views ao. MINUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ This month again ue feature minute shells from the Mulliner Collection obtained by dredging in Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico, The Mulliners are presently collecting in Kuaui and perhaps ue mill be fortunate in future issues to picture some minute shells from that area. It is believed that the T einostoma featured belou is Teinostoma politum A, Adams, 1851, This is a lar^e, white specimen and is considerably larger than the species found in San Diego: i.e, Teinostoma supravallatum (Carpenter, 186L), The second shell figured this month is Architectonics placentalls (Hinds, lEAA). This is a small, flat shell that is creamy white mottled with buff or brown. Both the T einostoma and Architectonica were dredged in 100 ft, in the mud channel toward La Gringa Pt,, Smith Island, Bahia de los Angeles, Baja Calif,, Mexico, The former was dredged on June 19, 1977 and the latter on June 15, 1977, Teinostoma politum A, Adams, 1851 bJidth: 8 mm, Length; 5 mm Architectonica placent alls (Hinds, 1844) Diameter: 9 mm 81, SHELLING ON THE MEDITERRANEOW August - September 1971 By ROLAND AND hAY TAYLOR Roland's brother Cliff, who had collected shells in Florida in 1958 and 1959, thought we were "daft" when we crawled around the rocks on the Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland, and delightedly exclaimed over the Gibbula cineraria. Littorina lit borea, Acmaea testudinalis . Lacuna vincta and Patella vulgata we founj there. He was even more horrified when we sent the shells home, only slightly less smelly due to insufficient time in alcohol, wraoped inside some lovely white sheepskin rugs. "I wouldn't even bother with such little, ugly shells," he exclaimed, remembering the extravagant shells he had found in Florida's then-generous Keys. He was driving us around Northern Ireland on our first trip to the "Emerald Isle", and n.t is truly named. Of course, it is also oold, rainy, windy and generally disagreeable for golf, which was our chief activity while there. Roland said the rain came down horizontally^ we held our umbrellas against the wind, resting almost on the ground, while we took our shots, and would quickly pull on rainproof pants and jacket when it started to rain, then as quickly pull them off when the sun shone and they became suffocating. We played Carnoustie and the Royal and Ancient, St. Andrews among others, mostly in the rain. . .fantastic! V.'e persuaded him to stop again and again, both in Ireland and later in Scotland, in betx^een golf games, for a bit of shell collecting. Cliff had lived in Ireland for several years, and had the distinction of being the only "Yank" ever elected to be Cgptain (President) of any golf club in all of Ireland. We sampled some of the famous Irish hospitality in homes which could have been the setting for a Galsworthy novel, or of the present-day Gothics. A letter from Phil Clover, then at Rota, told us of a low tide there, so we entrained from Dundee to Edinburgh Airport and arrived by plane at Seville one balmy midnight in early September. Our rental car was there, and the driver led us out of the city telling us the best place to find a hotel at that hour would be down the road a few kilometers or so. The S^at 12U was comfortable, and the roads were good enough, but the hotel was locked up tight for the night - the gatekeeper sleepily told us to go on into the town and maybe someone would take us in. The streets were alive with lights and people (do they stay up all night in Spain?) who agreeably directed us to a home where the family welcomed us to their best... a balcony off the room was its most distinguishing feature; bath down the hall; but the family gathered to show us the mirror over the little table, to put embrodered pillow cases on the pillows, and wanted to stay and talk. They didn't get many American tourists. . .all we wanted was a little sleep. There was noise in the street and mosquitos. Next morning early we drove through Jerez (the town which makes the wine the English called "sherry") and right into the annual Wine Festival. Tl'ds explained the gaiety of the nieht before... but also prevented us from touring the wine factory... no one was working for the whole week. In Rota, Phil directed us to the only hotel, which was full. We finally settled into a five-bedroom, five-bath apartment, of which we were the only occupants. Phil took us shelling on the reef at Puerto de Santa Maria. At low tide, we found Mu rex bran- daris , Mu rex trunculus , Solen marginatus , Bulla striata, Nassa reticulata . APPorr- pes-pelicani and Ocenebra erinacea. After a few days of enjoying the beach, the fruit and cheeses, we drove on, through Cadiz because there were no rooms there, (the Wine Festival), hotels all full. 82. At Chiclana, a little later in the day, we stopped to eat a picnic lunch, replete with that famous wine and visited a bit (Spanish and Portuguese are different) with a Portuguese family (we still exchange Christmas cards) who were cooking something in a big bucket which smelled divine. They offered us cupsful of_ caracoles (small snails) which they had gathered out of the trees during the morning, and showed as how to eject the tiny animal with a pin. Cooked in spices and under the spell oi the Spanish sun, we found them delicious. ¥e drove on alone the Costa de La Luz (on the Atlantic side) , stopping frequently at pleasant hotels and shelline the beaches and swimming a bit (water vjas cold) until we reached marifa, the point of land closest to Africa, across from Tangiers. Now we were on the Mediterannean. Near Tarifa, we were intrigued with some rocks and great shelline spots, but the area was enclosed inside a Military Installation. Roland approached the Commandant and, with the aid of his U.S. Navy ca-d, persuaded him to allow us to shell on the rocks. He sent along a young soldier to accompany us. He carried a g'on. He was pleasant and agreeable, until ^dlarid asked too many questions, ]ike what was that big gun emplacement used for now? when he clammed up and told us we were permitted to shell only (for scientific purposes), It was a bit unnerving to realize the gun was pointed directly at our backs as we assumed the typical sheller's pose .. .especially since Phil had told us to stay off the beaches at night, because the soldiers shoot first, ask questions after. We found Columbella rustica. Pisania maculosa. Cerittaium rupestre , Conus rnediterraneus , Mitra cornicula. *-^cenebra coralllna , saxitil i s. Mancjella p^u^purga, LJcenebra erinacea , '^Jassa reticulata.,.JUe33a pygmasa. Cglliostoma ej^asperatum. The soldier helped us, a’s'he watched the shells we picked up. Presently we gave up plans to drive as far as Barcelona, and settled into an exchanting hotel, the Patricia, at Estepona. It Estepona, we found Rittium reticulata. Clanculus iussieui . Ocenebra Carolina, Ocenebra edwardsii , Nassa ir.crassata, Gibbula magus , Trochochlea crassa. Trochlea turbinata, Nassa comiculum, Gibbula adansoni , Gibbula umbilicus . Eulima incurva . Tufitella communis Clanculus cogallinus , Purpura haem3:Stoma , Cra3’lidula unruiformis . Cvmbium philipinum (beach). Ve took side trips out of Estepona, one day driving 200 km. to Honda, the famous city built on two sides of a deep chasm; set on a hieh plane well inland, with the city on the flat, then the sudden sheer cliff dropoff, with houses and farms 700 feet below. Finally, it was time to h^ad toward Madrid, up the Costa del Sol, through Marbella, '^orremolinos , Malaga (too many tourists, you couldn't get near the water). At a lovely Parador at Nerja, where we stopped for lunch and stayed on for two mor^ days, we encountered a couple who looked foreign, spoke bo them in Spanish and after some conversation discovered they were not only American, but Phil a Native San Diegan... Phil and Heidrun Faulconer. They are again living in S.an Diego and members of our Shell Club. After a delightful week in Madrid, visiting the Royal Palace, El Prado Museum, the Archeological Museum, the University and all the sights; sipping coffee or eating Yogurt at the sidewalk cafes at 6o' clock in the evening, we hoarded our plane at Barajas Airport for Paris, London and home. List of other shells, not mentioned above: Ensis siliqua *^onax anatinum Wenus qallina Natica alderi •-ollBCted at Castlerack, North Ireland ‘-’□untv Derry: Collected at Larne, North Ireland: Lacuna vincta Ppjtella vulgata Acmaea virginea Lepidochitona cinereus Oonax semistriatus Trivia monacha Trivia arctica Littorina littoreaN(Betujeen Belfast Nassa reticulata and ‘^^hitehead) 83 Collected at Tarifa, Spain; Collected in Scotland: (near Ayr) Cerithium vulgatum Cyclonassa neritea Cerithium rupestre (Massa pygmea Haliotis tuberculata Patella coerulea Mitra cornucula Calliostoma granulata Callioatoma striatum Calliostoma exasperatum Gibbula cineraria Gibbula varia PSammechitenus miliaris Gibbula cineraria Littorina littorea Gibbula umbilicus Massarius reticulatus Littorina saxatilis (at Carnoustie) Littorina obtusata Littorina saxitilis LIBRARY NOTES Anthony D’Attilio has generously donated reprints of his published articles on Malacology to the San Diego Shell Club library. (His articles published in The IMbu York Shell Notes are already in the library). These reprints uiill be housed in one binder in the library. The included titles are as follows: I, Remarks on TRITON RANZANII Bianconi (Mollusca, Gastropoda), By Emerson S D’Attilio, American Museum NOl/lT^^ES, October 10, 1962. 2* Remarks on CONOS TELATOS Reeve (Mollusca: Gastropoda), By Old S D’Attilio, The V/eliger, Uol, 6, No, 2, October 1, 1964 3, LflTAXlENA Jousseaume, A Little Known Muricid Genus, By Anthony D'Attilio, Hawaiian Shell News, January, 1965, 4, Remarks on COLOBR.'.RI A SCUERBII (Reeve, 1844) and Related Species, By Emerson & D'Attilio, The Ueliger, V/ol, 8, No, 3, January 1, 1966, 5, Notes on the Japanese Species of the Family Muricidae, By Anthony D'Attilio, Hawaiian Shell News, May 1966. 6, MORICANTHUS MELANAMATHOS , A Weat African Muricid, By Anthony D'Attilio, Nautilus, Uol,- 80 (3), January 1967, 7, A New Species of LATIAXIS (Gastropods: Magilidae) From Queensland, Australia, By Hnthony D'Attilio, Journal of the ‘''•alacological Society of Australia, No, 11, March 22, 1968 8, A New Species of 5TRQMBINA from th° Galapagos Islands, By Emerson & D'Attilio, The V/eliger, V/ol, 11, No, 3, January 1, 1969, 9, Remarks on the Taxonomic Placement of PURPURELLUS Jousseaume, 1380, uiith the Description of a New Species (Gastropoda: Muricinae), By Emerson 8 D'Attilio, The V/eliger V/ol. 12, No, 2, October !, 1969, 10, A New Species of MUREXSUL (Gastropoda: Muricidae) from the Galapagos Islands, By Emerson 8 D'Attilio, The V/eliger, V/ol, 11, No. 4, April 1, 1969, II, ASPELLA MYRAKEENAE, New Species From Uestern Mexico, tjy Emerson 8 D'Attilio, NAUTILUS, V/ol. 83 (3), January, 1970. 12, Three New Species of Muricacean Gas]brapods from the Eastern Pacific, By Emerson 8 D'Attilio, The V/eliger, V/ol. 12, No. 3, January 1, 1970. 13, A New Species of MURICOPSIS from West Mexico, By Radwin 8 D'Attilio, The V/eliger, V/ol. 12, No,. 3, January 1, 1970. 14, The Intritacalx, an Undescribed Shell Layer in Mollusks, By D'Attilio 8 Radwin, The V/eliger, V/ol, 13, No. 4, April 1, 1971, 15, A New Muricid Gastropod from Western Australia, By D'Attilio 8 Old, The V/eliger, V/ol, 13, No, 4, April 1, 1971, 16, Muricacean Supraspecif ic Taxonomy cased on the Shell and the Radula, By Radwin 8 D'Attilio, The Echo, No, 4, 1971, 17, The Systematics of Some New World Muricid Species (Mollusca, Gastropoda), With Descriptions of Two New Genera and Two New Species, By Rqidwin 8 D'Attilio, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, V/ol, 85, No, 28, December 30, 1972, 18, A Catalogue of Muricacean Generic Taxa, By Radwin and D'Attilio, Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History, V/ol, 17, No, 20, May 16, 1975. WILLIAM H. Df\LL SECTIONAL LIBRARY THE 4*01 SAiy OIEOO SHELL OLOB ' P4|Q FOUNDED 1961 o INCORPORATED 1968 * MEETS THIRD THURSDAY ' ',OlJ« CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA PARh ROOM 104 7:30 P.M. 4 President: «.,..eJuns Kins Uice President: Philip "aulcz- Recording Secretary: Balter R-dsrt: Corresponding Secretary :, .Sandy Seeking- T reasurer : .Bob Schoeninc Editor: .Carole ■■'. Her AUrjUAL DUES; Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o Bob Schoenino, 258 Slate St., San Diego, Ca. 92011 Single membership 53.00; Family membership 34.00; Oversee; surface 53.50; Student membership S2.0Q, CLUB ADDRESS: Address correspondence other than dues to San Diego 5-:e11 O: c/d 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, Ca. 921ili yol* X January 1978 *» PROGRAM: Bob Schoening will speak on Shells of Dkinaoja. His present^ * ation tijili be accompanied by slides. « Pictures of the Christmas party will also be shoiun. I Date: January 19, 1978 Time: 7:30 P.M. Room 104 THE CHRISTMAS PARTY ' By 5ARDY SECKIL'STCfV Those of you unable to attend the Christmas party at Cafe Del on December ID missed a good one! In addition to lovely food and ui the very b_es_t company, the Madison High School Honor Ensemble uhich entertain us,_ujas superb. They mixed traditional Christmas songs ui not so traditional (Calypso Jingle Bells and Be Three Kings being ex ^ Honestly Love you and a medley The Music Man. They closed uith The Lord Bless, a most apropo sent! An excellent group, they brought a special glow to the uhde eveninc oarole Hertz, M.C. for the nicht, cave a sh-rt history of the'c and introduced the officers for the coming year. The shell cift exc drew many oohs and aahs from these oarticipat ing and the evenino c — with soma lusty singing around thi oiano. ay Mom J W w ' _ ;h 50'“ = •= T"-' nan 0 1 u B so ' les m oe WEB MEMBER EWAW5, Roger 1900 Camino de La Costa, Wo. 1 Redondo Beach, Ca, 90277 CHAWGE OF ADDRESS RCSIFTSCW, Balter G. c/o 1137 Prospect St, La Jolla, Ca. 92037 459-5858 (bjork ph~ne) DUES ARE DUE! ! R^l^‘lL7L IdL'-i'v'Jh fjt- i I 1977 riy f-i '7GE BRmDT'jlR A vocation in Tahiti has bean on our itinsrary every suTmer ^ar t~a past ten years. Each year ue try to add to or experiences visit a~ island shat is new to os; revisit an island -:oose enchantment croTcss r=- paateo visits; learn mors cf Polynesian customs and culture; meet ^alyr=-i-- people and collect sea shells. Each year we leave huncarinp for n-re, ~“s Leeward Islands have Tar frem sati -ited our desire to return. Be-^uti'ul Boro ^ora, isolated '''autiti, commercial Raiatea ~nd peaceful Hu^hine -rs -11 familiar, Le know their la-ODons, reefs and notus, villages and fri = “dl. people. Tahaa was unfamiliar, fur knowledge of the island w-s fc:^-ss c~ - couple of orief visits to toe villsge cf Tivs =nd a oicnic on one o~ the motus several years before. Tahaa is a meuntainuus volcanic island with sev ral peaks, Gn= re-t“i~g to almost 2,uDu feet. There are several deep inlets anc bays, i-lar.y s~ = ll villages oot the shoreline out communication oetween the vill-oes is c” ~oio or oy boat. The discontinuous islano road ooes not lend itself to ext~"oi- : wheelec means of travel. Tahaa and her larger sister islnno, .Taiata-, .re enclosed within the sane l..-ooan, u^hen the wind is from the south, -~e _"_a_- ly calm lagoon between the two islands c-=in become rough and the hal' cz_.- trip in an open boat oecomes a wet one. The u.ind was from, the south tne day we made the trip so we oon-ao zoo sou’wester's for the wet rioe across the few miles of choppy lagocn to ~i.o where we stooped for a few minutes to see the village and feed hioisous oo the turtles in a large pond near the dock, >_ur sou'westers camie of" -s soon as the boat rounded the next point of lend and we iiier-e on the lee side of the island. The lagoon srioothed out, a calm coverso motu 11 islano) appeared o-t toe epoe cf the barrier reef -^nd in the oist-~oe =zoa Bara steed cut in all ner majesty wiith nsr cro'.jn p*^ clouds. we had reservaoiens at ‘ ahaa ^'ill_OE the only tourist aoz-:-" a- datlons on the isl-’nd, icnc occk stretoheo ever Ihe inn<-r rss" oo = edee of the deep zhsnnel, upaced al.-ng -he ' "ore iijere six th-tc"-rao ~ _ bungalows- fnur ccmpleted, two under const ruot inn „ un this =‘''eloe~sz ■ 1-- of the islrand the gelms wsre swaying oently inst - baokdrojo of 1 . foreated mountain. .e were gr-eted by nur genial host, Tetuanui ~=oitr Tahaa 'i/illage covers mors tn- ; • -■:r,y iri; ' ^a - * I t2v -■ ■^' , * s '=» ;t f 'i I?;; ‘■■^'- •’^y S'-5t^» 'feSfiirT,’ iv^fq.O?'-*?/-*^::.. 7H , s .•>• V. : - UK v' J '/J ■t; "'‘' -'’'J^ y. :!'_■ •'•>' ‘ 5;oA^«-I ' : V' . . 7 ■ ^ r 7 : / .5 i " . ' F • ■.■ ‘2'C- ;F' '7(?.7'-^9f‘fe > .{. ■;.*»-,./*■ ’'I-. litJ. — ■ ■■^.', i7 <”Uh 'ttUK.-fl.. jj • ■3- ■ ' ■f ♦•' .>^tVvL2 • 'f 'iy’V .•:^.,:.„^v,^. V j..-J',< iir } •■(*, ,ti5e5/;'y'''',''7: *^'*V 'jO' r?'vO ' ' ■■% a ••.•. '-4^- -■' ‘i» J?r- - F ■ . 1 ;; ; ,i'i' 'F liiSilv"' ::W ' ■ '., '.■ ■ .• , . . ■ , ' ^ , ,1. Tn- / ‘ * H- ' '})2(f>’i»; h Tan;irnti- ' , .- ‘ v. ’. - . ' •’ . ? ' ■ . <' •■■' -7 j • rr ,7' •* ' ■ ' •!■ • . '’• F*oi;;v.a-- ■ ’ ' ' ’ ' 7 ^ r 'T '-rt t- , „ *n ' ; '■ •; p ViiiW*''o '■ cFti ^ni^5irvife !*:ilB' .'7 , ■■.‘»' ••, I' i;-j»-,ii ■■■■■■ ■'.. ■'■■' * ■-' ' 1 ■ 1 f} •. |1 ' • I ? . t. . , ' F. ■ ^ „ T-:. j n,J" ..* ' 0 * Ai t."*”' f if? r.* '■ n ■ I i. ;i V r ' -: - b ~ • -csr; <». .tjjjvWcJi? , ■ ' : . ; .V -1!“^=^ fcj-i ■•'• •4?f' .--'U u-. • . - ■ ' “■ V ■K'‘ •1 . >ir. <■ .c..'7?n...,r .icit!* ' 4 Sj O I •f ':r,;v t! :i*. it^ .'.Mi?' p^.>lnp|’fe^. A >. , ■ r:; j ',' n !'. .:*'t:^;.i, 3t- ^'' .t, i :l ■■3'f ‘ : tni . '• ■■ 4 : ‘'Mjiw- *5). -'N'. h! , 1 r 1 1 ..'ll* v‘-i^ . ~ gjh' ■•*■ ‘(A-Xli , 1 a f: (^ili *y ' i . u’M. ' - ■..c:tfip-v'ii,, kv. .. ■ ■ . ■ u; - 1.:. ■. ■i!5S.s?»..;uC; -• _! ■ fjji**''.^'-' ir'-' - • .' '. .i. , ♦ :. - I 1 . !. "bl ;<7D/ Ti : J ' L 57K=:^^r: ' ' «■ ‘ \ *-.-^ {4 •*“‘x '■ ! ' 'i ',.' ■■ , .1'', ' ■■ ■ i ■l'i‘r>'sn3-: - ... w • * /.’■ '.i' .7^: ‘U'. ’ll . _• , r ■- ■< . '’ . 't gx*?.." ;f‘ r * '.'Ll ,fe ,, ■ ; , ;: 7!i i“ '■ , -. .Nr 1?. ■ ■^ 'j.. i .yr^? .p>. ,L ' a*". *- - ‘ ■ < s r} ■= i X f ^ '■ i£.!''''iiiX£7 r. ..,• ■ ,'1'/^ ■, *u ' ■ rji -ir. -j.', . '•- ' ■'■■■': . 7- , ■' N : ■' i: rhi " At^ .. /» I ' ■ ■ ' ■■ t V- i' "iS V'jvi.’’ ' : » ,?■ --i- ■ . old friend, Jerry, from L^lud fied. days on hoorea .nd -^cra -ora. -e is a shell collector. He uos cnnvinced that ujb h, d at least throe di"--rE'- e species of J, isabella and that there uore seven known Bud-species. - :ee of burgess did not help, ^re tnere sub-species of isabella; j-e found our best cone collecting a mile or so oeyond the rs“EiPS old Club Med. village and '•’iva. small cones are found sveryaih re c-~d ee pfob. bly the most uommon shell found on any of the Leewarc Islands. He_e. dunus textile is elusive sod found infrequently, hn the ^lat top eji'-ee of the inner reef about fifty feet from shore directly inland frcr TiE-a-a Pass in the barrier reef, there are many holes in the reef, little e~~e. spots and broken pieces of 'Jead coral. Here lue <^cund three beauti'ol text C'nes, one almost three inches in length, one day ue canoed with ■'ne of Petit's sons to the out'^r reef cut t~ = surge uas hsc^vy and it was difficult to keep one's footing let alo~e E“?rc for shells, so ue paddled back to the center of the legoon over t'~= ' ~Z; ledge on the reef side of the channel. Brad dove into fifteen or twe'c. feet of water and followed the trails of terebras, miters and cli\,Es. Petit's son dive in as well carrying the canoe's l=3d line with ni-..,,ES he follo'jied trails in the send the canoe would turn and ^olloi' hi-. I crabbed the shells from the two of tnpm when f'ey came up for ^ir..... Terebra maculata, crenulata , guttata, dinioi^te ; Mitra casta , stict ice : ~~ LI iva annulata. we returned the less th--n perfect specimens to t-= l--ttc~ in front of our fare. Le watched their progress in the sand. The 'irst night they moved atiout twelve inches; the sec nd, more than a yarc: b; t~E third day we had lost them completely. Ue felt very much at home on Tahaa. we knew when the hot ccccnLt ca-' were c. ming out of the oven c-t the Chinese store in Tifa, ue welc“mec c~s tourists when their tour made a brief stop at Tiva. we cheered t~E local speed canoe team during their practice sessions, Tahaa is not iscl^tsc, i is only a few miles across the lagoon from Utoroa, the trading cs-car 'ir the Leeward Islands. However, many of the islanders had never beE~ to _cc only a few had ever oeen to Fapeete. Tourists rarely come to Tahsa,..,, ocher than the French military ue saw none in residence curing olc wee-' c~ the island. It is not isolated out it nas a great feeling of isclatic”. Ue tried to buy aspirin at the Chinese store. They had none and le wece told that we might be able to pet S’ me at the clinic on Paiatpa. "“>0 cIce place to buy a bottle of aspirin was in Fapeete 137 miles over waccr cc the south. Early one morning we were returning to one cur favorite s~e11i~: areas near Tapuemu. . . .on foot because the bicycles were beinc usso oy .aci members of the family, ^bout a mile from Tahaa tillage ue met ^ecit _-C~ a gunny sack full of langousta over his shoulder -nd clutched in "is ~=~e was a plastic bag filled with Cypraea collected for us by the villagecE e~ the reef the night before, Une stood out in the melenge o^ living ncll_E a small bright orange-gold cowrie. In size and color it reminoEri _s e' C, citrina, but this shell is not from French Polynesia, we retr-ced e_c steps and didn't quite break the four minute mile in getting back co vyillags, out we were not far behind Petit on his oicycle. Petit dumped the shells on a table. The little bucoer was a~ aPE-=^l ..not another resembling it in the least. Never had ue seen a ccTaraElE shell in our collecting, in the collections of friends, or in '^usE_mE. immediately out it in a plastic jar of sea water to try to keep ic =1i.e long enough to take some photographs, All of the other Cypraea weee ^eIe and hearty. They raised their mantles ana crawled up the pidss '' e1ee:_ containers .... the jet Clack mantles of the C. isabella . the brillia-t iro mine of the teres and everything else in between, Tne little ougzEr eeie to join his more vigorous friends, but he was never able to extenc mio mantle muchn beyond the edge of the base. Lie did see that his ooc. wao ■,f ^,"'+ •if. .* 1. ' >H';-’1, t:*,i vi!-'«'3 - •;• ■- -; " ■ -.1 '^ .. ■■■ - '1?' • W^U-' . _1 u ! '^.■■■■ j ■'■ '1 k>*yi',;^'^; ■ ■' ■ i- f >' 'I •''-’ f"'':T.iJB ^ l0$pt -'■'" i*a £"Qat ■' Wv ^‘1 r'lf ‘,)>T' b'--. 'V-.h.”,j -TO r, 3'3'J 7 I 'fn' l: 4: '.' • ('■=5.0? ■ 1. L ■fi '•* >4fi ^ 45 %J^V ; ^ Jill >•.' - 'Tft ■ "' V' rj «i.* J'<,- -:, ■ 1.M .- ryv‘i ( ■ . ;i -V < M - ' 'wii •' ' 'i^k' ,■'.' jpUt. * ' ."I >r.n*:,t ■r.T i J.’> ..rw:T yifj§ ,-£r .. "f . ., ■r.-J..V'' t«I.'iJl- tl'^t rr^Jf^S.i ‘'^■' ■^ii . . 1v^„' i "ft w-:' < ■ ' - '"-3 .•' S' • ■• : f,: is ft 5' - - .fi uy • • . T -.-.^i' -■:. ' .... 'rr .. ^--V v''i'ift3’'; \;r’^''"' " ■-■fr'. ' adfetv • .-••tj 'in H03dSnSr0- I • O I 1 * A ft* : :,l .. I, ' --Urp'Ift- . , -5 4 ’ -if' ;•»■"> aisj •■'ftviy ' - ;,i.'*1. ' I'a^T'! 1' „ ■ i ■ ' ;, ; ’-./fui eqs'rn.' ■''■ ■ ' Bt '''* S it}' ^ i ^ V ,' • • •• 5 B'li ."i •• **..**'» = ■ »ss iv (>.? 'eui;!' j 'j[4!i'’i1ijCT»-».5 7qfh:j‘- ••• ■ •■ ■ y. 'i ''‘U>U:.'.iSlrl • :; .j;; ■:}£. iWuane, ewat/*’ '• • • ( .»• - i 1,5 i «* f„ Tifl 3,,„’ ♦."fita.fXl ■ ■' , . ■ I ijj-:, \4 i;.H.*V 'U-'ifB j^r^.%: tcr tiCff# • . j. ini-:'- -*J\T 5*w ij with a translucent ysllow-orenge spotted myntle. his III “ ' II iL'hitc 'jith Fused orange-ujhite stripes, uhits ^ots at dot- .Ft and =nterior ends and bright oranqe-gold margin. The Ocnt tn..L.)t- teet" clsnding to orrnge-gold at the marnins. In talkinc -itn exoart^r ue’have c me to the conclusion that the little bugger is a uricue_, colored caputserpentis. Tahaa icas 0 delightful shell ing-vacat ion soot, i'^e cclleotpc, tr-:ar, bouoFt and uiere niwen more than t'l.enty-Fiv/e aoecies Oi CQu.'iist, rt _!E__ as =^c„uirinr neny other shells. -jB lived with Tahitians, we are _ro?_ foDGs -_nd participated in activities with the frigtily Polynesians. ^1 is a oeliihtful island, and we expect to return to Tahaa 'Jill^ce. CCRRESPEFlDEriCE LT-J THE V'.!T --RCT IC IR5UE By JULE5 HERTZ The article, "Collecting in Antarctica," which lue featured i- r^e :_1- 1577 issue of the FE5TIUU5 was recently reprinted in the "=11 197 is^.^ r^ GF EE- >rjD 3HLRE. As a result, we have had several intereatinc lerter^ c-- cerning the article' and excerpts of these appear below, Tne fallowing comments ere th'se of Robert R. Talmadoe (-er, _rn, : found many similarities between your findings and those o^ Patrick r-^_ "Invertebres Marins des XII et XU, Expeditions Antarcticues -rsnc-^ises s* Terre -,delie" Tethys Supp. 4, 1972 — His acrk did bring up n ^ew Leper= a-r Puncturella My own studies have been in the fJorth, and from f’e illustr^t irne i~ both your work and ^rnaud's paper, there just has to be -ith~r a p-r=lleli~ evolutionary base, or else a common base from the Pleistooene gl~pi=tii~ times. I cite the fpllowing: T rophon lonostnf f i Smith, 1927, c~- ea-il. - into Soreotrophon , cla thrata Linnaeus, 17S7, £, berinoi Gall, 19~2 ~r 9 , Pacifica Dali, althoun'h perhaps T_* condensatus Hedley is olc^^r '^o l~o‘ namen with more numr raus, lower, lamellae. Your ^i'^ure E-it'~^ic~ ~~i ~r~ Smith, 1927, is extremely close to a lot at the Califcrnis -c = de-,' of -un- collected at Barrow by the late Dr. G, Dallas Hanna, ~nd _"^io"^ -p- Epiao~i . borealis (Beck) in Lyell, 1839," Dr, Myra Keen wrote expressing interest and more in-prm-tic’- i"' -“a =- tentatively figured as a member of the Uermetidae (Fic, 17 c*^ '2cllapti-o i" Antarot ica" ) , She is actively wiorking on the Usrmetiri-e et~tei --n: i- general they are tropical or subtropical mcllusks. She st-ted one species described from the southern Indian Gcean tn^t is =imilrP o: o” ■ figured in the Antarctic article. The original bis ck-=nd-w!^ite P“ztcr:np- the minute shell was sent to Dr, Keen with the information t*^?t i~ =11 r“e searching of the Antarctic literature by this writer there was c~ly --= re ference to the Uermetidae. This was in Tomlin's article, "The f'ollusr= r" Maccuarie Island," which was part of the work on the E .GZ ‘nt=rctir ~eee~rr Expedition, 1929-31. This article discussed a specimen cririnall. t-r_r-r be a Siphonium and later identified as a species of Spirorr is (^ol . c’" = e". = ' , After reviewing the original black-and-white photoorroh, Dr. -=e- er^r "I see nothing to indicate th- t this is a member of Uermsricee. ’ -o'" "'re likely this is an annelid worm of the genus Soirorbis , "hipF G-^te~ -=r' r = - ^or baing molluscan. For example, Dali's Bulletin 112, = -hecklisr r* e=- American mollusks published in 1921 lists Uermiculum anellum, w^ir- rr _ir out a doubt a Spirorbis . I have compared your figure loith th=t cf the type o*^ a c i 2 i r = ~r:- '“i southern Indian Dcean, which I mentioned to you, but it o~esr't m-sp'- -1 As I think I told you before, the Uermetidae are in ^pner-’l w = rm-. -p-r "r warm-remper at e-water organisms , " • 1} ~?t~ ( '■Hi' A vvjnir^'T M ,..ii. /v; ■ • ^ S /•t'4/1 fff/f- S I'i ftlilWto'’-' . ’^■^' •ft'-'' •. .SLpiiV H vaw^ c- '■■■' «'"7i.'» dri?}i4¥^Ci(^ ?i? •‘jtfiai'r ^ u; R!-- ' :ri v44 .fe Tt# qs>;>’r O : ' 'fittsf®- .’3 : ;v-'TKa aw fenf. *0"' < J «.'n.r!., ^4■X'.,ft^■|■^■:5'i<:!«: '.. . L- ■ ■•_-v r. . • -. ;?*•. . '.v's. ■•'i, . kjn 55,to'#»>!rf.■ tL/>iL'jti!(\:3t^^- r^^:-r: i^ i.-4^'?r7fVf t-nr ;> ■'^'K . -- i ’• Isf __ - • 'V. ■ H:£0i9^%ic^. .al ■ .. i' f-U' ■j -\. ••'■•> its !;■: .-’• iP-^vife" niLiriji ■ ryri.-i rV^?*5/>o.-;".4|r'. *"■ ■>■• <)■•'■'?*«?'• f L'fv;!f?’T .•-bfC?" 3!;st# .5Ki HI'.T','' .,).. r ji ■ ..'v ■•>% 'j3.-t ■' '-r ' j.‘?'^>uj.- -'ftW'. : •*“ '' ~ rj'jf • ■ f« ,.<££ h ^ 'I a ^ -.i:r.r- It?’ p. :. S4|4 gft.^4 ajv.t'l ' . ■■ , ' ■ .. ^'. ' ^ . i ' . .i.?-;' :. ■’ i:^ X5 bMsnbS- -.. y ^ <%' • ;'',-,Tt'V^a ■ I, Xn X.ca»' :bfi i' 6 '^ ' f ■» ; 1 1 ? |_.!'3 /.p'.;, 9 ‘. fT.i'X f'*'-X "T(‘t.. I. A Vi, , "i CORRECT IG!V: L ^!ove^bs^ 1977 issue of ^he REETIUIJ!), p, 77, "rveu end Poorly- Hnown Cnrelliophil idee ?nd f'.uricidse from the Uestern Pecifid’, Top nictures; Dorssl end vsntrsl views of Lgtiexis sp . , ■=^ize 3C — , should read: richly and prominently sculptured shell from Bohol j Is., Philippines, The color of the dhell is tan. 1 CEU OR POuRLY-KOOLiJN CORPLLICFHILIDAE AND MURICIDAE, F--RT III By ANTHONY D*ATTILIG=^ In this third article, three different qeners are featured. They are from diverse regions rather than from the western Pacific as in the pre- vious segments. Location data received on trese shells is of a general nature. Chicoreus sp. Dorsal and ventral views Ppprox, size: 40 mm. Location: from Taiwan fishermen This Chiccreus is rather unieue in its ^'orm. It is rpmiricce'~t of es'~e fossils which are very '^tr nee. It is whitish in color. It a ,. 4'- :\*ri'i '. :,v ■,■'4^ .-4''- i-^rlitiVv' Lrif= t j '.f^' '*iriji-»r^ ♦,-K.ji’-' Sf}f» ■ ? "t • fc' ■' ■" ■ ,.. .’ '-'fitk '- '^'f-0: ■ *,r:'i'"'S.. .'I-' S' ,„/» ■ '{!^^ iuuLijS!# ''i ViirrYliW- Ei;^ i<;> ,v :3<.rr ; ■f.' ■,'i*, ,u'.' •iV^*-V,‘'' VA„n,.' •. ..• ; - I .'■ ' .' ...n- '■': .'!^n‘rmi‘- m_b. ■ rJ'l . . 'I,- r !#. / '•V' f-t , ■'•! ;U*' v.. D ■ n fjE.itf fif ;■■'•: . . .■ 1 ■ ■: • Vv ■ *' ■ip ,. t V.s ’^SMstwr^ A. I ■' .' ■./ ,f 1 1 ^ -iiXi) ■ ■p'v- 'if; ' ' •Ml 'V.' - t f'*- \ ,'10 |*U aamiaAii^ — ■-’-^ r SiphanochElus sp » Dorsal and vsntrai views Approx, size: 5 n-. Location: ^ulf of Mexico This is probably the first true livino Slphonoohelus ascorriing to the author. This rather rinute, off-white shell was dredce in the 3ulf of Mexico of Uiest Africa, * Original 35 nm slides ?nd black -"-c ■ '“".ite prints phctooraphsr , Dave Mul liner. r fit* p.r , ^ ' ^0 V ■' ' -^V-'*'' '. ■ ■■' . ' j ;3 ' '''fe ;' '^^'V '’■■ ^ ■' '' "'s^. i T ■ /i£y„ , , 'r 5 -V f ' i3 >:.u ' • :^' ,, ■« rM-snuj ■ ’ li i a!-' Xd4-''' ■ ' •: •*'>-’^:^di ; ' ■ ‘ 4.»^.. t\l 3@h> .% .‘f ,:v '^,'7 0: '-''13 V*->'-. . ‘Jm: ■'^ .iv.A ■’ r»S‘^'.'' •^. ^ 4-j '.M ':''.l 3-''! ',.* iraKC'i^iy' inrt. ijTin'-- ', I'.’T-^.T^j ■ £.4>,:-S MIPv'lJTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ The shells featured below are from the Hertz collection and were obtained by Dgve, and Margaret Mulliner by dredging in ICO ft. of water, north of Runts La Gringa in Bahia de Ids Wngeles, Baja Bgixfornia, Mexico on May 19, 1576. Similar in size, shape, and coloring and sometimes even in cross section, t^s minute members of the Families Dentaliidae and Caecidae are often confused ty beginning collectors. The membErs of the Caecidae are always small, whereaE members of the Dentaliidae may get to more than 150 mm. The Dentalium hancocki Emerson, 1956 pictured below is 6 mm. long a~d pure white. The cross section is souare shaped although the individual sicss are wavy as a result of the shape of the major ribs. There are numerous nits in the grooves between the major ribs. The specimen figured by Keen (Ess 5“=lls of Tropical Last America, 1971) is 14 mm. long. The two specimens of Caecum below are believed to be Caecum elcncatu'~ Carpenter, 1957. The shells have a white background with sections colored i~ various shades of brown ranging from beige to chcccletE, Caecum elonoatum Carpenter, 1657 Length: 3 to 4 mm. Emerson, 1956 Length: 6 mm. Dentalium hancocki grs |;"- ^;r' 6v ^f‘- s';*l' iV-.Ll.!. a| ^.lii 4 ih_'S" ^ ,1f‘l ■• tVi'.'l t/8r;.UW^ 9fU-. _yii ^#j[uXr"; ti># ?Jlv '“«'a §:f1 '.! t"^ ->17.7'^.?;' •'»*? Af- .1 tiJiS'i fi' ''v'^'’'-''j ^2^*^--, ’ ' ■-? * •--' 7M ! ■■•■ • fe'.- •'■ .1 %., ■ ■ *^■ . ^i.' J.''«ai :’;ag;,*^ ;,:=a .■-'" »' '■'::!y- ■ ' .■,> ■■ 'iJP? LI9R..RY MOTES By B'ARBARA MYERS GIFT' — From Rhoda Radf.’in to the San Diego Shell Club Library — "Norges GeologisKe Undersogelse #31 - Om de Senglaciale og Postglacia Nivaforandringer i Kristianiafeltet (Molluskf aunan) ” k£ W, C. Brogger - 1900 og 1901. (On the Late Glacial and Postglaciale Changes of Level in the Kristiania Fiord Region) . Disputing the opinion that the great terminal moraine ridges (the ra’s) on both sides of the Kristiania Fiord in Southern Norway indicate the utterraost limit of the last great ice sheet and claiming this area was completely covered during the last ice epoch to txhe extreme limit of the land mass and beyond. Discussion of the varicu molluscan fauna of the different shell banks and clay beds is enhanc by 19 beautiful black and white plates, each plate containing pen an inK drawings of many species. Although written in Norwegian, there is a 52 page smmary in English. FROM THE MKMUTE5 By MARTY SCHULER Tujenty-seven shell enthusiasts were present st the Mnvember meetinn of f' San Diego Dhell Club. The topic for the evening was ^helling in Madacascar given by Greg Hamann. It was a delight*''ul talk as Greg told of his experienaa with transportation and the language barrier. Mo slides were ahouin, but there was a photo album along with a iarge tray of shells collected while on the tri There was a refreshment break after the talk with the business meetino follcwing. The minutes of the last meetinn were approved ~nd so ware ■^he officers for 1978. They are: Pres, - June King, Uice Pres,- Phil Fauiconer, Rec, Sec. - "^alter ‘^obertsonj and Trees, - Sob Schoenino, The menu for the Christmas party was approved. Jayne Schmaltz brought more card packets for both the drawing and for those interested in purchasing them. The door prize was won by Rolana Taylor and this month was the EIG shell drawing for the Cyo sanquinolenta. This was won by Marty Schuler, FOR YOUR IMFCRMATIDM 1, Dues are due by the end of February in order that you be included in -^he 1978 Club roster which is included in the April FESTIVUS. 2, The February issue of the FESTIWUS will be the special memorial issue to Dr. George E, Radwin, 3, Hugh Bradner has accepted the responsibility for ordering books for the Club and its members. A list will be passed at the January meeting so t that members may list their preferences, A. The Broward Shell Club invites exhibits for their lAth Annual Shell Sbow. See June King for details. 5. For an excellent article, SHARK If\) MIMIATURE, see the Mov.-Dec, 1977 issua of OCEAMS. Article and photography by Barbara U. Myers. a> T( , •yr- » ':- .' ;flS ”'-•■■ '■'■ 4 'V '"’WM ■ .A* .-aJ* '7t aiwC;4'» t£ v.;^" •* Ji'e U'nc/ - ; ' I ' V ) - 1 £ -? 1t S i n u jt j •'•« -f '. ;•*■!•.. .1 oa.; :A*?i'." ,tL ) J •■' J> -M' ^ \ j 'f/S* % i <:■ • i>... ’;.’ 04%i3.Umt ■ * ' K/ 4c* •■ I f * 1 ; Jx/ Ml r* r iiv IP* f- ■ -I /T ' tfj ■, -,K.’ ^ t I*- -'T^vr*t‘*wyii ■ - •" 'if .,A'i •■►' '..'I 7- ' .u*i: ' iw;i^ '«'■'- *>* .. .■•■>1 .JfM.'-'X.Ht V -‘ ,^l U ■ -■ '•> i .,r-' A ^ I -’"i.?. ••"■» •‘‘^' ■ * - - . :lr' 'C^ ■ - - ■ -y^Hr- 1. , -J..'-*- 'l( -^ • ■;-•*. . fiilti-isfMiCl'' . 'lO' Ui ■ .• -- r* V- I ^f\*' 1, I ." \ ‘C7. I- ' ' '• “7 'I '* “ .'.' ••)' ■•► . . I , ‘ y-y^ y’u 'i'f '.iy' "'" '■^£| CTCt r’ > f»3 ^(} V’*’ ‘ vr^ ‘Ui’* 2*1^ ■ l^r!• wl -- ■„ 4«T( 1 "* ' *' • „ 'V "* ' *■ : wr ... -sr^s .-. f J. : r--VV«4 «tQ''f «>? f ;S A: • > ll ' ‘ I ‘i/1 1* '' .1.* K 10 -xOl F418 Moil. THE / WILLIAM H. DALU SECTiONAL LIBRARY SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA PARK ROOM 104 7:30 P.M, President:..... June King WicB President:..... Philip Faulconer Recording Secretary: Ualter Robertson Corresponding Secretary :. .Sandy Seckington Treasurer: Bob Schoening Editor: Carole M, Hertz AIMIMUAL DUES: Payable to San Dieqo Shell Club, Inc., c/o Bob Schoening, Trees. 258 Slate St., Chula Uista, Ca. 92011. Single membership 33.00; Family membership 34.00; Overseas surface 33.50; Student membership 32.00, CLUB ADDRESS; Address correspondence other than dues to San Diego Shell Club, c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, Ca. 92111. Uol, February 1978 [\lo , 2 ♦ **Ht% + * + #^i*;t*J|t***>(i*:*i(<* + *>l< + ***)t:*1‘*** + * + *** + +***i'*>t'***’t=*>t‘**t + >l'** + * + *’t'**t***** PROGRAM: Dave Mulliner will speak on "Photographing of Shells." He will give an illustrative lecture using slides and his actual equipment, SAUE THE DATE! 1 The Club auction will be held on April 15, 1978 at the home of Marge and Hugh Bradner (same as last year). Details in March issue. CORRECTION: Page numbers for Uol, X, No.l of FESTIl/US (January) should be pp, 1-9 instead of 84-92. FOR YOUR INFORMATION 1, DUES ARE DUE! ! Your dues must be received by the treasurer before April 1, in order for your name to be included in the membership roster printed with the April issue of the FE5TIV/US, 2, Your shell donations are needed for the Club auction on April 15, It is the Club auct ion/pot luck which pays for The FESTIVUS, supports Club social functions and donations to scientific programs, and keeps our dues very low. Your quality shells with complete collecting data, when possible, should either be brought to the February meeting or to a Board member. Arrangements can be made to have shells picked up at your home. The Club needs ElfERYDNE'S help in donating and buying, 3, Ue are requested to donate plants to the S.D, Botanical Garden Founda- tion's fund raising effort in April. Start your plants nowT-none smaller than 2" in diameter. More information at the February meeting. i V * i K r /I a,' ' ^', •f.'W ,^ i ,1^?’ 'i'-M ® CiRJX-^t; cv . ''a' '■;i . >■■■■ ."f . .*.*U f - PCU. rl^OC:)?! , T:1Sv.. > ■*’ '^'r 'vh u^V, ftCv 1 ;fi'''v:' 1 •3-'’ ; - • -1 , '^S.'.,' '3'' V . .: ;if.i. T t „ ■ ■■ „ .. ■* . V '>ri ■. • "**«’ ' ■■ Lh 3- r , oide; • T •■• . .ry. t.' ■'^ iu)“Q , * ya. -scitie ' ■ t' : >M H' ., ^^v - = ;T, *V. q.n- Vi-A^ ri't ■, - 1 > ' ;uc«C]^ sdcaI n'.'.yc-^.ii'.' Us V;i^‘ '’ I , ' 1 > t : i. ttif,'’ rr ,b ■ ^r.’6', i. ^ >1' 'i ' '~yi y,-| ' ■'. K ■» •'/"<''“'■* > 'i- •' » ♦ « » ^ » *-♦ V* •». »*#♦■*■ *c ■'.*<«' je *'V ■♦< a. r«. 4# «»!><■(*►• 4l 'ik ■■" \ ■ '■ ' ,' ' ./ , ' ^ f '"'•■■ t./XJ; ■'' no vUrjq=^. '.U X.i>- l»v«0 . ■. f ■ „ , «,•:?>*■ ' ... . I'V- . . ■ ' .’ •- '■... ' ■'■ .-. ' ' •■■ - ' '«i‘ ,w,v ..,.„V- V 1 j't'J .,.^^2, V :c'S'‘ ) j". •c:.-?'*f.fl]yun ur*(if -»{?.'?#'! ' ' ■ .•■■■_.''7a'H hi • _ '5 - •,r ♦* ( » « /:.<■*»> A 4'« . • s : . V. *. it <1 » 4 V i. ,1. A * *IS<» «■ t A. , ' ■' , ipi ^ fi B'i ■■■'a-asrr VUi 1 ’ : ■ ■ vS£“tid ?-X' flUJV ^ .'■■ . (- !. :■ - ' ^ I JC •=;v ■ ■';■;) 'iU ''^isTri: 'urr-v , , ^.X JE^ircQ^ ■ ••4j^ i^:b l. ' :l '‘' ■ : 5?1» ■esta4^.«0!3{3 CX-Bilg' ^li^dVr^; "•'ft)"- '’ ‘i ' ■ - V}5= A ;yj i' fshots ' ^ 1^.. - 4^.: ,' ;’^ ••• V y.l " '' -yV,Al:' fey ;.;y '.Ob' ::t ■qXfey' • -J -i.-'j o ' .;„ :-ft -'D.f 1.J- . :“'-,Ai '71 • ^ • /j'V .:ie^ THE FESTIVUS VOL.X No. 2 FEBRUARY 1978 MUREXIELLA RADWINI GEORGE E.RADWIN MEMORIAL ISSUE i 11 GEORGE E. RADljJlIM 1940 - 1977 SOME BIOGRAPHICAL (MOTES By Anthony D'Attilio George's interest in the sea was that of a lifetime. He was born and raised in Rockauay, (Meu York, uith the Atlantic Ocean and the surrounding bays within easy reach. As a child,he spent his time swimming, diving/snd collecting the marine animals and sea shells of that area. This led to his interests, as an adult, in marine zoology with special emphasis on the tax- onomy of marine mollusks. After graduating from Brooklyn College, he and his wife, Rhoda.went to Florida State University at Tallahassee where he worked on his masters program. The thesis to complete his studies there was on the "Morphological and ecological differentiation in muricid gastropods of the northeastern Gulf of Mexico." Following this, he enrolled at George Washington University in Washington, D.C. where he undertook to finish his studies for his doctoral degree. As his doctoral dissertation he chose to study the western Atlantic Columbellidae , a family with a complex group of genera, highly polymorphic at both the species and generic levels. Although the disser- tation in its entirety was not published, portions of it were. The earliest was a paper in 1967, "(Motes on the Taxonomy and Zoogeography of the Golumbellidae , " published by the American (Malacological Union, Within a few months, he and his family moved to Ban Diego where he took the position of Curator of Marine Invertebrates at the San Diego (Matural History Museum and remained there in this position until his sudden and un- expected death at the age of 37, Working alone or with a number of co-authors he published, within a comparatively short period of ten years, a number of papers dealing with molluscan taxonomy. Among those works was a major one on the family Muricidae. In continuation of his studies on the Columbellidae, two papers dealing with this family appeared in the Ueliger, and a third in press is to appear in the Veliger soon, as noted in the bibliography. There are also some unfinished manuscripts not only on the Columbellidae of the western Atlantic but on those of the eastern Pacific, an area extremely rich in species of this family , many not yet described. In addition to his career and his family life (he was the father of two children, Marshall and David), George had developed also a keen interest in the study and collecting of succulent plants, especially the Cactacea, Out of this interest there appeared over several years a number of short papers in Espinas y Flores, the journal of the Cactus and Succulent Society of San Diego, He also contributed three small papers to the Journal of the Cactus and Succulent Society of America. A quick ability to learn and a keen interest in diverse subjects led him also to undertake the making of pottery. Following his own instincts he worked without the potters' wheel, developing the forms entirely manually. These creations were gaining in interest and a number finished within the last year or two found ready buyers. His untimely death brought to a close a promising, many-faceted career. THE SAN DIEGO YEARS 1968 - 1977 George Baduin's professional life in San Diego was a busy and productiv/e one. Soon after his arrival in San Diego in 1968 to accept the chairmanship of the Department of Marine Invertebrates at the 3an Diego Natural History Museum, he plunged into many activities in his field. He immediately became involved in the San Diego Shell Club, willingly giving many talks to its membership and being its Vice-President (program chairman) in 1969. It was only through George's efforts that the Club was able to meet without charge in the Museum for several years. Dr. Badwin was an enthusiastic supporter of the Western Society of Malacologists and regularly presented papers at its annual meetings. In 1973 he was elected to its Executive Council and in 1975 became its chairman. He was largely responsible for the very successful combined meeting of the UJSM-AMU held in San Diego in June of 1975, George was a consultant on practical problems relating to marine in- vertebrates for the Dan Diego Zoo and Wild Animal Park as well as the Western Salt Co. and the State Fish and Game Dept, He taught courses in marine biology both on the university level and in the adult education program. Dr. Radwin was not satisfied to be an armchair scientist. In addition to his research and curatorial duties, he traveled into northern California and Oregon and into Mexico on collecting trips and greatly enjoyed field work. He led many tidepool walks in the San Diego area to share with others the wonders of the intertidal community. He even led occasional snorkeling outings off the La Jolla area. His on-site observations made him a valuable scientific advisor for the Rocky Shore Diorama of the Sefton Hall of Shore Ecology at the San Diego Natural History Museum, George Radwin was an innovative curator. He interested many amateurs in volunteering and studying in the marine invertebrate department at the Museum and was a helpful and patient teacher. As a result there was an impressive increase in the cataloguing done after Dr. Radwin took over the department. Under his tutelage, amateurs made in-depth studies of particular molluscan families and then assisted in their curating. During Dr, Radwin's tenure at the Museum, a considerable amount of research was conducted by his department, as can be noted in the bibliograf±i y in this issue. 13 CUASTECDMATE By Don Shaaky It uas a lot of fun in planning. It uas great fun being there, and for all of the effort expended ue uere richly rewarded, not only with good shells but with the lasting memories of comaraderie. It was October 1968. The Olympic Games were on in Mexico City, but for Jim McLean and Pete Oringer of the Los Angeles County Museum, George Radwin of the San Diego Museum, Ed Ulagner of Lome Linda University, and myself it was games of a different sort in Cuastecomate , Jalisco, Mexico, Ed's games were a little different from the rest of us since he is a parasitologist. His interest intestinal worms. It was amazing how much time it took to remove all of the worms in the two to three fish I caught for him in the surf each day. About midnight one night, as we returned from Manzanillo I hit an opossum with my car. It took Ed most of the rest of the night to pick out all of its intestinal worms. But I'm getting ahead of my story. Ue had to get there first. George and Pete arrived in a San Diego Museum Travelall, Ed and I came in my car and Jim flew into Guadalajara and then came on by bus. My car which was grossly overloaded was riding low. In Mazatlan I hit a high spot in the street with my muffler which greatly reduced its capacity. Then someplace between Mazatlan and Topic it fell off. Iile literally roared on to Tepic where I found a curb service welder. The Travelall brought the one piece of equipment that was to keep us underwater for our sojourn--the Los Anggies County Museum compressor. The temperament of this monster was to keep us frustrated on a continuing basis. If it hadn't been for Pete's expertise as a gadgeteer we would have had very little time in the water. The peace and quiet of the gentle cove was attacked about eight hours a day with the gasping, balky, raucous intona- tions of this device that tried to keep our ravenous appetites for sir satisfied. It protested and protested and protested. liiith Ed sitting at his microscope, forceps in hand, picking and sorting worms, the rest of us were gulping down our precious air. George was the least experienced diver and he generally stayed in shallower water, liiisely, he was cautious and he had a great time — except for the one day when the comidas of the El Dorado cocina provided a little something "extra," He suffered as much from knowing that the rest of us were under water as he did from the El Dorado special. I had brought a box of food with me just in case the El Dorado fare wasn't to my liking. George never, but never, let me forget that I ate smoked albacore while he chewed on shoe leather (or whatever that stuff was ) . At the end of eight days, I was so tired and my feet so sore from walk- ing over the rocks to get to our diving spot that Ed and I left for Guadalajara to rest up. The rest of the gang joined us a couple of days later, I had tire trouble in Guadalajara and the Travelall blew a tire between Guaymas and Hermosillo, which is all part of a trip to Mexico. We had had great fun — non-stop fun. Scientifically the fun continued as we worked up the specimens after our return. Several new species were subsequently described from this trip. This was the only collecting trip that I made with George. I treasure the movie I made of it. George was a special guy to me. We enjoyed many pleasures. We enjoyed many arguments. We shared many moments. He uias a dear friend. I miss him. NOTE: The follouing three species uiere named as a result of this trip, Muricopsis jal iscoensis Raduin and D'Attilio, 1970 Bizetiella mlcaela Raduin and D'Attilio, 1972 Aspella pollux Raduin and D'Attilio, 1976 Aspella pollux Raduin and D'Attilio, 1976 15 GEIMERA AND SPECIES NAMED FDR GEORGE E. RADLdIN Murexlells raduini Emerson and D'Attilio, 1970 Dorsal and ventral vieiijs Raduinia Shasky, 1970 Type species: Raduinia tehuantepecensis Shasky, 1970 Holotype: Height: 8.7 mm diameter: 2,8 mm This new columbellid genus was named in The Ueliger, Uol, 13, ,#2, pp , 188-195, "Neu Gastropod Taxa from Tropical Uestern America," by Donald R, Shasky, Murexiella raduini Emerson and D'Attilio, 1970 Holotype: Height: 33,5 mm This neu species uas named in The Weliger, l/ol, 12, /^3, pp. 270-274, pis. 39-40, "Three Neu Species of Muricacean Gastropods from the Eastern Pacific," by Emerson and D'Attilio, Raduinia tehuantepecensi Shasky, 1970 s 16 Salitra raduinl Marincovich, 1973 Type species of Salitra Holotype: Height: 6 mm This new columbellid species mas named in the Bulletin of the (Matural History Museum of Los Angeles County; Mo. 16, Feb. 20, 1973, pp. 36-38, Figs. 77, 78, 86; "Intertidal Mollusks of Iquique, Chile," by Louis Marincovich. Salitra radmini Marincovich, 1973 This photo of the holotype used with permission of Dr, James McLean of the Los Angeles County Matural History Museum, Anachis (Parvanachis) radmini Altena, 1975 Holotype: Height: 5.6 mm This columbellid species mas named in Zoologische Uerhandelingen, a publication of the Rijksmuseum van Matuurlijke Historie, Leiden, The Metherlands, Mo. 139, March 6, 1975, pp. A9-51, pi. 17 "The Marine Mollusca of Suriname (Dutch Guiana) Holocene and Recent Part III Gastropoda and Cephalopoda,* by C.O. l/an Regteren Altena. In Dr, Radmin's mork, "The Family Columbellidae in the Uestern Atlantic. Part Ila- The Pyreninae," The Ueliger, Wol, 2D, Mo, 2, pp. 128-129, he states, "I disagree mith Dr, Altena as to the distinctness of £. radmini and consider the form to probably be conspecific mith Parvanachis isabellei." Anachis (Parvanachis ) radmini Altena, 1975 This photo of the holotype used mith permission of Dr, E, Gittenberger of the Rijksmuseum Man Matuurlijke Historie. 17 IMEk) TAXA DESCRIB.ED BY GEDRGE E. RADkJlN The fallQLjing group of genera and species uere first described in the Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, Uol, Rl, pp. 143-15D, April 3D, 1968. Rhombinella new genus Type species: Buccinum laeviqatum Linne, 1758 Anachis (Suturoqlypt a ) new subgenus Type species : Gpiumbella pretrii Duclos, 1846 Anachis (Parvanachis ) neu subgenus Type species: Buccinum obesum C.B. Adams, 1845 Anachis (Parvanachis ) rhodae new species Anachis (Gostoanachis ) f enneli neu species Columbella pretrii Duclos, 1846 Buccinum obesum C.B, Adams, 1845 Buccinum laevigat urn Linne, 1758 Anachis (Parvanachis ) rhodae new species Photo from files of Dr. Radwin. Photo from files of Dr. Raduin. 18 The next two species were first nemed in The Weliger, Ucl. 12, Nc.2, pp, 149-156, Figs. 1-5, 2 plates, October 1, 1969. They were described tDy Dr. Raduin in collaboration uith Dr. Uilliam K. Emerson in the article entitled, "Tuo f\leui Species of Galapagan Torrid Gastropods." Mitrolumna keenae Emerson S Raduin spec. nov. Hindsiclava hertleini Emerson & Raduin spec. nov. In 1970, "A [\leu Species of Muricopsis From West Mexico," uas published in The Weliger, Uol. 12, I\lo. 3, pp. 351-356, pi. 52, Figs. 1-4. The neu species described by Dr. Raduin and Anthony D'Attilio: Muricopsis .jaliscoensis Raduin S D'Attilio spec, nov, (Photo of this species appears on page of this issue). A neu mitrid uas described by George E. Raduin and Loyal 0. Bibbey in Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History, Uol. 17, No, 7, pp. 95- 100, Figs. 1-S, one plate, /August 31, 1972 in the paper, "A Neu Mitrid From the Western Atlantic." Mitra (Pleioptyqma ) helenae n. sp. Mitra (Pleioptygma ) hielenae neu species Neu taxa described by George Raduin and Anthony D'Attilio appeared in the Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, Uol. 85, PviD. 28, pp. 322-353, one plate. Figs. 1-26, on Aecember 30, 1972. The article is entitled, "The Systematics of oome Neu World Muricid Species (Mollusca, Gastropoda) uith Descriptions of Tuo Neu Genera and Tuo Neu Species." The neu genera and species follou. Evokesia neu genus Type species: Sist rum ruf ono tatum Carpenter, 1864 Bizet iella neu genus type species: T ritonalia carmen Loue, 1935 Sistrum ruf onotatum Carpenter, 1864 19 Bizetiella micaela Bizetiella shaskyi neuj species new species In 1976, the eagerly auaited, 284 page "Murex Shells of the kJorld," by George E* Raduin and Anthony D'Attilio, uith photog- raphy by David K, Mulliner was published by Stanford Press, The sixteen new species described in the book are listed belou. Aspella Aspella Aspella Aspella Aspella castor sp, nov, cryptica sp, nov, maurit iana sp, nov, morchi sp, nov, platylaevis sp, nov. Aspella pollux sp. nov. T ritonalla carmen , Loue, 1935 20 Aspella ponderi sp, nov, Chicoreus akritos sp. nov. Marchia bibbeyi sp, nov, Murex purdyae sp, nov, Favartia poormani sp. nov. Huricopsis huberti sp, nov, Muricopsis tulensis sp, nov, T alityphis benqalensis sp. nov. T alityphis campbelli sp, nov, T alityphis perchardei sp. nov. Favartia poormani sp. nov. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF GEORGE E. RADUIIM This bibliography of articles by Georgs E. Radwin includes all his published material on mollusks and early unpublished works later cited in his research. In addition to his papers dealing with original biological and taxonomic research; his articles relating to marine environments, written in a lighter vein, are included here also. 1964 Morphological and ecological differentiation in muricid gastropods of northeastern Gulf of Mexico. (Unpublished masters thesis) Florida State University, 73 pp., pis. 1-14, 1967 (Motes on the Taxonomy and Zoogeography of the Columbellidae . Annual Reports for 1967 of Amer. Malac. Union, Pac. Div., pp. 22-23, 1966 A systematic revision of the family Columbellidae in the western Atlantic. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation) George Washington Univ., 255 pp., 54 pis, IMbw Taxa of Western Atlantic Columbellidae (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia ) Proc. Bio. Soc. Wash., Uol. 81, pp. 143-150, Figs. 1-10, (April 30) and WELLS, H.W. Comparative radular morphology and feeding habits of muricid gastropods from the Gulf of Mexico. Bull. Mar. Sci., Uol.lS, No.l, pp. 72-85, 19 figs., one plate. The Systematic Position of Glyptaesopus, IMautilus, ^ol. 82, No.l, pp. 18-19, Figs. A-E, (Ouly), 1969 A Recent Molluscan Fauna from the Caribbean Coast of Southeastern Panama. Transactions 5.D. Soc.Nat .Hist . , ^ol.l5. No, 14, pp.229- 236, Fig.l, (June 27), Technique for Extracting and Mounting Gastropod Radulae. The Ueliger, Uol.12, No.l, pp. 143-144, (July 1), EMERSON, WILLIAM K. & RADWIN., G.E. Two New Species of Galapagan Turrid Gastropods, The V/eliger, Voll.12, No, 2, pp, 149-156, 2 plates. Figs. 1-5, (October), The European Brown Snail, a Pest in California, Environment Southwest, 5. D. Soc. Nat, Hist, , No. 417, pp,4-5. Figs. 1-2, (October). 1970 and D'ATTILID, ANTHONY A New Species of Muricopsis from West Mexico. The V/eliger, V/ol,12, No. 3, pp, 351-356, pi. 52, Figs. 1-4, (January 1), Notes on the Evolution of the Muricidae, The FESTIV/US, V/ol.l, No.l, pp.3-5, (January). The Columbellidae. (From a talk in Jan, 1970 to the S.D. Shell Club), The FE5TIV/US, V/ol.l, No. 2, pp,l-3, (February), 22 1971 1972 1973 and D'ATTILID, AIMTHDNY (Motes on the Evolution of the Muricidae, Abs.&Proc. of Sec, Ann.l^tg. of UJ.S.M,, Food for Thought. Environment Southwest, pp.3-4, Figs. 1-5, D'ATTILID, AIMTHGIMY & RADkllfM, GEORGE E. The IIMTRITACALX , an Undescribed Shell Layer in (^ollusks. The Weliger, Uol* 13, No, 4, pp, 344-347, one plate. Figs, 1-8, (Jan.l) The Radula. The FESTIUUG, Wol.II, (Mo.l, pp.4-6, (Jan.) (Motes on Generic IMames and Placement in the (^uricacea and Buccinacea, The FESTIVUS, Uol.II, No. 2, pp,l-3, (Feb.). D'ATTILID, ANTHDNY & RADUIN, GECRGE E. The Intritacalx, A Previously Uninvestigated Surface Layer of Some l^uricid Gastropod Shells, The Echo, Abs.&Proc. Third Ann.Mtg. UJ.5.(^ for 1970, pp. 21-22, ((^arch 7). Notes on Generic Names and Placement in the f^uricacea and Buccinacea. The Echo, Abs.&Proc. of Third Ann.f^tg. LJ.S.M. for 1970, pp. 29-31, ((^arch 7), Feeding Habits in Prosobranch Gastropoda, The FE5TIV/US, Uol.II, No, 10 pp.2-5, (October), and. D'ATTILID, ANTHONY (^uricacean Supraspecif ic Taxonomy Based on the Shell and the Radula. The Echo, Abs.&Proc, (ji.S.I^,. for 1971, No, 4, pp. 55-67, Figs. 1-23, (Dec. 27). (Abs.) The Echo for 1969, pp, 21-22, (Mar. 9), S.D.Soc. Nat, Hist., No, 425, The Systematic Position of Urosalpinx carolinensis Uerrill, 1804 with comments on the genus Mohnia Friele, 1078, Transactions, S.D.Soc, Nat.Hist., Uol.16, No, 16, pp. 339-342, Fig.l, (Jan. 12). A Systematic Note on Dcenebra poulsoni Carpenter, 1865, The Ueliger, Uol, 15, No.l, pp, 35-37, Figs. 1-6, TJuly 1), and 0IBBEY, LOYAL J. A New Mitrid From the UJestern Atlantic. Transactions, S.D.Soc, Nat. Hist., Uol. 17, No. 7, pp. 95-100, Figs. 1-8, (August 31). and D'ATTILID, ANTHONY The Systematics of Some New Lorld Muricid Species (Molluscs, Gastropoda), with descriptions of two new genera and two new species, Proc. Bio, Soc. of Lilash., Uol, 05, No, 28, pp. 322-353, one plate. Figs, 1-26, (December 30), and CHAMBERLIN, J. LDCKlilDDD Comments on the incidence of non-pelagic larval development in the Stenoglossa (Gastropoda; Prosobranchia ) , (Abs,), The Echo, Abs. & Proc. of Fifth Ann, Mt^ of UJ.S.M., p.40, (March 5), 23 1974 1975 1976 and CHAMBERLIN, J. LOChlilOQD Patterns of Larval Development in Stenoglossan Gastropods. Transactions S ,D . Soc, Nat, Hist,, Uol,17, No. 9, pp, 107-117, Figs. 1-8, Table 1, (March 12), lilhat is a Species? The FESTIV/U5, \Jol, lU, No, 7, pp, 50-53, Figs. 1-6, (July) Cnlumbellid (genera of the Eastern Pacific. The FESTIUUS, Uol, IV, No.l, pp, 88-91, Figs. 1-5, (January). Columbellid Genera of the Eastern Pacific, (Abs,), The Echo, Abs, & Proc, of Sixth Ann, Mtg, of IjJ.S.M., p.24, (February), Tijuana Slough, Environment Southuest, S ,D .Soc.Nat .Hist . , No, 461, p.lO, (February). A Marine Oddity. Environment Southwest, S.D. Soc, Nat .Hist,, No. 464, p,9, one plate, (May), Acanthina luqubris Reappears in San Diego, The FESTIVUS, Vol.IV, No, 5, p. 14, (May). Gastropod Feeding, Environment Southuest, S.D. Soc, Nat. Hist,, No, 466, p.8-9, one plate, (Aug.-Sept . ). A Review of the genus Muricopsis . Ann, Rept, of bJ.S.M. for 1974, pp. 27-26, (Nov. 12), and D'ATTILIO, ANTHONY A Catalogue of Muricacean Generic Taxa. Transactions, S.D. Soc, Nat. Hist. Val.17, No. 20, pp. 279-292, (May 16). A Review of the Genus Aspella (Gastropoda; Muricidae) (Abs.) Bull, of A.M.U. for 1975, pp. 58-59, and HEMINGWAY, GEORGE T. Muricanthus radix and Eupleura triquetra (Gastropoda; Muricidae) New Range Records from iilestern Baja California. The Veliger, Vol,18, No. 3, pp, 339-340, (January 1), Why Save a Marsh? Environment Southwest, 5. D. Soc, Nat, Hist , , No, 474, pp.9-10. and D'ATTILIO, ANTHONY Murex Shells of the World, An Illustrated Guide to the Muricidae, Stanford Univ, Press, 284pp., 32 plates, and GOAN, EUGENE V. A Catalogue of Collations of Works of Malacological Importance, W.S.M., Occasional Paper 2, ppl-34, (Aug. 17), Phyllonotus (Gastropoda, Muricidae) a Worldwide Tropical and Sub- Tropical Genus. (Abs.) Ann. Rept, of W.S.M. for 1976, p.42, (Oct, 12). 1977 The Family Coiumbellidae in the Western Atlantic. The Ueliger, \/ol,19, No, 4, pp, 403-417, 2 fJates, Figs, 1-4, (April 1), The Family Coiumbellidae in the Uestern Atlantic, Part Ila,- The Pyreninae, The Ueliger, Uol.20, No. 2, pp, 119-133, 4 plates, Figs,l-47, (October 1), m PRESS The Family Coiumbellidae in the Western Atlantic, Part Ilb.- The Pyreninae . The Coiumbellidae (in) The Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, (ed,) Raymond D, Moore, AChNOWLEDGEMEfMTS The editor wishes to acknowledge the assistance of the following in the preparation of this memorial issue. Front cover^ Anthony D'Attilio Photography (unless otherwise noted): David K. Mulliner Research assistance: Barbara W . Myers Scientific consultant: Anthony D'Attilio Photo of Dr. Radwin on inside cover by David K, Mulliner, used with permission of the San Diego INiatural History Museum, THE V/ILLIAM H. UALL . 'SECTIONAL LIBRARY niVf^iON OF K-OLinCKF F418 Moii. SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA PARK ROOM 104 7:30 P.M. President:......,... June King WicB President:. Philip Faulconer Recording Secretary: Walter Robertson Corresponding Secretary :, .Sandy Seckington Treasurer: Bob Schoening Editor: Carole M. Hertz ANIMUAL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc, Single membership $3,00; Family membership 14.00; Overseas surface $3,50; Student membership $2.00, CLUB ADDRESS: Address all correspondence to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt, Blackburn Ave., San Diego, Ca, 92111. \Jal,. X March 1978 l\lo. 3 PROGRAM: ♦ ♦ * * ♦ ♦ * * m * * * * * * * * * ♦ * Ronald McPeak, senior marine biologist and diver at Kelco, will speak on the Fauna of the Kelp Beds, A large Conus qeoqraphus will be awarded the winner of the bonus drawing at this meeting. You must be present to win. Date: March 16, Time: 7:30 P.M. Room lo4. COME TO THE AUCT lOIM/POTLUCK ! ! April 15, 1978 at the home of Marge and* Hugh Bradner. Time: 6:00 P.M, -? . Map will be in the * April issue. Bring your shell donations to the March meetingj FROM THE MINUTES OF THE FEBRUARY MEETING By SANDIE SECKINGTON President June King called the meeting to order at 7:45 P.M. The meeting was turned over to Dive Mulliner, who spoke on the techniques of photographing shells. It proved fascinating to everyone and his presen- tation was excellent. He first shoujed some wonderful slides which illus- trated the various techniques he uses. He commented on the types of film, flashes, backgrounds and textures that he has found most successful and an- swered many questions from the members. He then demonstrated equipment that he had brought with him, Df, particular delight to us all were his statements that proper lighting is the key to good photography and that no matter what kind of camera one uses, if the subject is prepared properly, successful photography can result!! (An article by Dave on his talk will appear in a future issue of The FEBTIiyUS. Ed,). Following a refreshment break, the business meeting commenced. The minutes of the previous meeting were read and approved as corrected. Hugh Bradner, Book Chirman, announced that the first book order has been received and distributed. In the future, London Associates uill bill each individual and payment uill then ba made directly to the Club. The catalogue for orders uill be at each meeting and members may sign up for their orders. Dues must be in by April 1 if a member wishes to be included on the Club roster. Marty and Sherry Schuler uill head the Publicity Committee, The Tidepool Gallery in Malibu announces an exhibition of rare shells from eight private collections on March 10, 11, 12, 1978 from 11A.M. -5:30 P.M, ABOUT THE AUCTION The Auction/Potluck on April 15 at the Bradners' home (map next issue) is THE DIMLY FUNDRAISER of the San Diego Shell Club. The money earned here | keeps the Club productive and solvent. The auction proceeds pay for the I FESTIUUS, presently costing about $40, per issue; it keeps the dues lou, | probably the lowest in the world; it buys the books for the Club's consider- | able library; it pays Club memberships in appropriate organizations; it ' j makes possible the Club sward in the S.D. Science Fair for youth as well as | making passible inimitable social events which are well known to friends of^- | the San Diego Shell Club, \ Bring your donations of quality shells to the April meeting, or call a \ Board member for their pickup. Then come to the Auction, have fun and buy, ‘ buy, buy!! It»s an enjoyable and painless way of supporting the San Diego Shell Club. From the TIDE CALENDAR FDR THE NDRTHERN GULF DF CALIFDRNIA University of Arizona i Compiled by MARGARET MULLINER Only low tides of , -41. or. greater are listed here. Tide times given in Mountain Standard Time. — one hour later th^ Pacific Standard^' For San Felipe subtract one hour from calendar time* j For Los Angeles Bay add 15-30 minutes to calendar predictions. Amplitude of tides at L.A. Bay are half that of San Felipe tides. MARCH 24 8:00a » m . -4' 25 8:30 u -4* 26 9:00 II -4' 27 10:D0 II -4' APRIL 5 6 7:D0 a . m , -4' 7 8:00 II -4' 22 7 -.00 II -4' 23 7:30 II -5' 24 8:00 n -5' 25 9:00 (1 -4' OCTOBER 14 7:00 p.m. -4' 15 7:30 II -4' 16 7:30 II -4' 31 7:30 It -4' 8:00 p.m. -4* 6:30 p.m. -4* AUGUST 17 7:00 a . m , 18 7:30 tt 19 8:30 II NOV/ EMBER 1 8:00 p,m. 12 6:30 II 13 7:00 II 14 7:30 M 28 6:00 II 29 6:30 tt 30 7:00 II MAY JUNE 5 6:30 a .m. -4' 19 6: OOs.m. -4' 6 7:00 II -4' 20 6:30 " -4.5' 7 8:00 It -4' 21 7:00 " -5' 20 6:00 It -4' 22 9:00 " -4.5' 21 6:30 II -4' JULY 22 7:00 It -5.5' 19 7:D0a.m. -4.5' 23 8:00 n -5.5' 20 7:30 " -5' 24 9:00 It -4.5' 21 8:00 " -4,5' 22 9:00 " -4' -4' -5' -4,5' SEPTEMBER 15 7:00 16 7:30 17 8:00 3 * rn , M It -4' -4' -4' -4' L t DECEMBER 1 7:30 • E • CL -4.5' -4' -4' -4' -5' -4.5 2 27 28 29 30 31 9:00 6:00 6:30 7:00 7:30 8:00 It II tr It II It -4' -4' -4.5' -6' -6' -4.5' i 1 c* 27 MINUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ The two shells figured below are from the Hertz collection. They were dredged by Dave and Margaret Mulliner in 100 ft. of water, north of Punta La Gringa in Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico on May 19, 1976. The small representative of the Family Columbellidae is Aesopus sanctus Dali, 1919. Aesopus is distinguished by short aperture and small size. The shell shown below is approximately 4 mm. long and white in color. Keen re- ports dimensions of 5 mm. in length and 1,7 mm. in diameter and a range of southern California to the Gulf of California, The second shell pictured below is a member of the Family Pyramidellidae . The shell belongs to the Genus T urbonilla Risso, 1826 and there are many species of this genus from the Gulf of California. The specimen below is tentatively identified as T urbonilla histias Dali & Bartsch, 19C9, although comparative material was not available to this writer. Assistance in iden- tification of these minute shells would be most welcome. Three shells of this T urbonilla were found, varying in length from approximately 5,5 to 7,0mm, The anterior end of the shells are light orange in color with the shells tending towards brown on the posterior. The type specimen of T, histias is reportP'^ L.P, mm in Ipnn+h- Keen, A. Myra. 1971, Seashells of Tropical West America, Stanford Univ, Press. Aesopus sanctus Dali, 1919 Length; 4 mm. T urbonilla histias Dali & Bartsch, 1909? Length: 7 mm. PALAU By M. FRANK KING "A funny name to go on a California automobile license plate," I thought as I sauj Dr, Pete Farmer pull into the hospital parking lot. Months later when I planned a tour of Micronesia, I found its significance. He took a year returning to the mainland after discharge from the military in Uietnam. After diving the Great Barrier Reef and islands all over the Pacific, he re- turned to Southern California, took up residence in a sailbaet in Newport Harbor, and went to work in the Emergency Department. His memory of Palau was so impressive that he wanted to keep it close. After a visit of only four days I could easily understand his feeling. My family, including sons aged eight and ten, had been on Majuro, Ponape, and Saipan where we had had great adventures both in and out of the water; so we felt like seasoned island hoppers when our Air Micronesia jet landed on the big island of Babelthaup, As we waited for the ferry to Koror and the modern; Continental Hotel, we turned rocks at the roadside and got a sample of the great shelling we had in store. As is customary "on tour',' a guided excursion about the city was the first item on the itinerary. Koror is historically important in the South Pacific story. After domination by the Spanish and Germans, the Japanese made it a major center of commerce after lii.LJ.I, After IjJ.W. II, local rule and provincial interest returned under the protection of the U,N. and U.S. The pace of life became appropriate to the tropical island tradition. Our guide, Saburo, had recently arrived from Japan, His father had worked on the islands in the prewar era and had sent his son to sample the good life. He was still getting acclimated and his English was not quite polished; so the perspective was not the same as the local folks might have given. To get this we stopped by the hospital to try and contact Dr. Nobuo Swee, who Dr. Farmer had known during his visit. It was Wednesday, so naturally he was playing golf. The most sought after souvenirs of Palau are its story boards, carved wooden planks, each with a traditional story in bas relief. The place to get your story board is the jail. We were delivered to the Police Station at the prescriHed hour and ushered to the carving area where the prisoners were hard at work. Most were serving terms for fighting and drunkenness. The processing of the boards was explained with demonstrations of carving, dying the wood with lime water, and polishing it with shoe poliah. The boys bought small boards with stories of Yap stone money and some gory tale involving decapitation of the hero. The carver posed for a picture and we noted his cheeks were tattooed "Jesus Christ.'^ We admired one beautiful piece obviously too large to carry with us, A prisoner who was obviously a promoter volunteered to mail it for us for a small fee. It had begun to rain and visiting hours were over; so we hastily gave him our address and a fistful of money as we were rushed out to our taxi. The package never arrived, of course, and I later wrote the Chief of Police that I thought he had a dishonest person in his jail. The formalities of rubbernecking about the city over, we were ready for some serious sightseeing~the Rock Islands. Chris, our guide, met us at the dock at tha foot of a steep driv/e belou the hotel. The tide uias high, covering the mud flats ue had seen the previous evening, LiJe sped away in a roomy outboard, Helen Dsterman from Seattle was with us as ue wove our way between the limestone cliffs of the larger islands and the familiar mush- room shaped small islets with their coiffeurs of lush vegetation. We went into a cave with stalactites and bats, and besides W.W, II machine gun em- placements, The propeller and tail antenna of a downed Japanese Zero pro- truded from the water of a bay near the beach where the movie "Hell in the Pacific" was filmed. We hoped to glimpse one of the local salt water croco- diles as we skirted the undercut banks of the headland, but they were else- where, Past a srmj white sandbar, we came to some islands of about one acre size and landed on one with picnic tables and a privy, I had hoped for something less civilized fearing that the nearby waters would be shelled out. Happily, I was wrong! As the boat was beached, we could see innumerable trails in the sand through the clear water and before snorkeling gear could be unloaded we were gathering Terebra maculata of impressive proportions. After a quick lunch, we were able to spend five uninterrupted hours face down over coral jungles, sand, rock rubble and turtlegrass flats. This was by far the best picture of tropical water and its contents we had ever seen or could hope to find. The sand was full of not only Tferffibra maculata but X, dimidiata. T, crenulata subulat a , T, af finis and one long skinny specimen unlike any in my books. There were Oliva mineacea. 0, tesselata, and 0, annulata amythistina, Ceriths and cones filled the spaces between. Out on the coral, the profusion of iridescent multicolored fish dis- tracted us from shell collecting end we moved onto the rubble areas where cones were plentiful, bJe sacked Conus lltterat us , C, distans , C. eburneus , C, pulicarius, C, musicus , C, f lavidus, £, lividus, C, magus , C, rattys, C, catus , C, coronatus , C, ebraeus , and the beautiful C, imperialis . A full grown C, litteratus weighs about five pounds and two of those in a collecting bag can really slow down progress. The tide was receding and a school of tiny fish moved through giving the impression of an underwater rain squall. For several minutes the scene was obscured by millions of flashing bits of silver, all moving together as a single organism. When we were ready to give up ever seeing another spot of bottom, the "cloud" blew away and there was the usual fauna of the area, poking about as if nothing had happened. There was a blood curdling scream from David, aged ten. Investigation revealed a one inch laceration on the top of his head. He was retrieving some Murex brunneus from rocks under a limestone cliff and surfaced under the overhang. This slowed us only a few moments and we moved out over the turtlegrass flats toward the fringing reef, Cypraea moneta were scattered over the bottom, usually in pairs or threes. Lumbering Lambis lambis moved about the deeper holes where pairs of Conus imperialis were found. Here we also found more of the large cones. Finally, I decided to swim out to the reef in hopes of finding some Cypraea. As I snorkeled along the shore in two foot deep water, I rounded a large rock and the depth dropped off to over twenty feet. There, facing me nose to nose, was a white tip shark whose dimensions I did not wait to assess I looked back after clambering onto the rocks and noted that he was only about five feet long, I never gotto the reef, however. At the end of the day we surveyed our bounty to decide what to keep, UJe found few bivalves, A couple of Strombus lentiqinosus . a variety of ceriths and turbans, and a host of still unidentified little snails filled our bags. Our only large cowry was a tiger found by Chris as he sought out his lunch, a ten inch Hippopus hippopus , which he devoured raw with lime juice. He shared a portion and it is not entirely unpalatable though I suspect it is an ac- quired taste. The next day uas scheduled as ”free” but uith the help of some money, ue persuaded Chris to take us back to some other islets, beaches, and reefs where ue added more numbers than variety to our collections. li)e found Cypraea helvola inside coral rocks on the reef and some trochus to add weight to our bags, Lambls chiraqra were more numerous toward the reef while Lambls lambls seemed to prefer calmer water. Exhausted after the two full days in the water, we arrived at the hotel ready to clean up and pack for the next day's trip to Yap, There at the office was an invitation to a dinner party with Dr. Swee. It had arrived the day before, but somehow it was not important to get it to us, I called and found that the occasion was a farewell party for a husband-wife team of physicians who had completed their two year hitch in government service and were returning to Seattle the next day, I went alone to this one. The is- land's storied tradition of hospitality and conviviality was punctuated with a potluck consisting of everything from fried chicken to raw fish. Bread- fruit, taro root, yams, squash, banana, papaya, lobster what a feast! Government lawyers, accountants, auditors, doctors, and dentists along with their wives swapped yarns about native customs and experiences, A lawyer whose assignment was to assist the islanders in collecting for damages to their property during lii.lil.II told about one man's claim for the loss of 250 trees from a plot barely large enough to support a dozen. It turned out that no dishonesty was intended. He had counted each stem of his taro plants as separate trees. Dr, Swee was trained in Fiji as an M,0, Medical Officer, With no basic science background, the natives are taught practical medicine and do a great job in their element, performing complicated surgery and caring for the seriously injured when necessary. He had taken additional training in New Zealand and he shivered as he told about being stranded in the snow on one occasion, Micronesians uniformly despise cold weather. The party was held in the Community Center and while the entire staff of the hospital came to pay respects to the guests of honor, anyone in town w«TB welcome to partake of the bountiful table and they did. In the postwar days this became the "watering hole" for the Navy personnel and civilian Bxpatriatea when it ceased to be an officers' club. All this social life left limited time for packing our raft of shells, and certainly nothing got cleaned. The hotel had allowed storage in the freezer and in the early morning hours plastic bags were filled and placed in boxes and bound with ropes. It was with some doubts that we lined up at the check- in shed at the airport. Our baggage now consisted of eight suitcases, four flight bags, four boxes of shells, and 18 pound prism-shaped 3>^foot long carton containing a carved wooden shark from Ponape, and three large carved wooden ships. The man in front of us was headed for Japan and had to pay an impressive overweight charge on just two suitcases. I'll never know why they let us on the plane, but they did. We looked forward to the next few days in Yap with eager anticipation, and the fabled Truk Lagoon lay ahead for us. But there was an unfulfilled feeling as we settled into our seats and got ready for the nuts and coke we'd learned to expect on the short flights. We had had more adventures than were morally justifiable, yet we had not even seen the "real Palau" of the countryside outside Koror, Almost two years later, I get out my still unsorted shells and reminisce about the underwater paradise that once was their home. The area is now a hotbed of international controversy over the placement of an extensive indus- trial complex inside the reef. The current issue of OCEANS Magazine vividly describes the prospects for the future, and the memory of all these islands and reefs I did not get to visit reinforces my feeling that ue had better see as much of our world as we can while it is still beautiful. ****»**#»***#******* THE WiLLIWVi n. SECTiONAL • CfiVlSlON GF ‘ FESTIVUS iViolL SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA PARK ROOM 104 7:30 P.M. PrssidBnt: .June King V/icB PrBsidBnt: Philip Faulconer Rscording SBCrBtary: Walter Rnbertaon CorrBsponding Secretary .Sandy Seckington Treasurer: ..Bob Schoening Editor: Carole M, Hertz ANNUAL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc. Single membership $3.00; Family membership $4.00; Overseas surface $3,50; Student membership $2,00. CLUB ADDRESS: Address all correspondence to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt, Blackburn Ave., San Diego, Ca. 92111. Udl, X April 1978 No. 4, ^:^c*^,************************************************************************ SEE YOU AT THE AUCTION/PDTLUCK! ! * ik (There is no regular meeting this month). * * Date: April 15, 1978 Time: 6:00 P.M. -? Place: The Bredners' home * * For details and directions, see map on last page of this issue. ♦ ♦ If you have not yet donated your shells, make arrangements to get them to * ? board member before the auction date so they can be prepared for auction.* FROM THE MINUTES The speaker at the March 16 meeting uas Ron McPeak, senior marine biologist and diver at Kelco. His uas a knouledgeable and most enjoyable talk on The Fauna of the Kelp Beds. Ron gave insights into the biota of this complex environment in uhich the fastest grouing perennial plant in the uorld, Macrocystis pyrif ers^ is the mainstay. He described the life cycle of this plant uhich lives for seven to eight years and grous thirty to forty feet in six months. He explained the harvesting of the kelp canopy, a process beneficial to both the kelp and industry. The old stipes at the surface, uhich can absorb 99% of the light, are trimmed allouing sunlight to reach the neu plants belou and keeping the forest healthy. He touched briefly on the commercial uses of kelp i.e, algin and on the problems of predation of kelp primarily by sea urchins. His spectacular underwater slides highlighted the many creatures bene- fitting from the kelp forest — abalone, astraeas, and the many fish that find shelter there. In addition, his pictures of sponges, hydroids, anemone, crustaceans, mollusks etc, taken by Ron in their natural habitat among the kelp were works of art as well as part of his informative lecture. At the business segment of the meeting, the April 15 Auction/Potluck was discussed as well as the botanical Garden fecundation plant sale. l\lo motions were made. Marge Bradner won the bonus drawing of a perfect, very large Conus qeoqraphus, ThT extra special refreshments in honor of St, Patrick's Day were pro- vided by the Lindebrekke fam ily. CDUIRIE HUNTING ON MAUI February 12, 1978 By HUGH BRADNER and BILLEE DILLJDRTH Refuting widely held belief, eight species of cowries were collected in four hours, at less than five feet depth off a public beach on the west sidb of Maalaea Bay, on that theoretically shelled-out island of Maui, The most common, not surprisingly, was Cypraea caputserpentis under almost every good turnable rock, Cypraea Isabella were fairly plentiful and large. In the same area, one hundred yards long and within thirty feet of shore we also collected live Cypraea teres , maculif era , qranulata , f imbriata, mauiensls , helvola and semiplota , This last species was found while shivering slowly toward shore, thus demonstrating perhaps how important it is to keep looking, (An even more spectacular demonstration had occurred the previous day when Richard Dilworth live collected a beautiful pair of Cypraea qaskoini thirty feet above high-tide line, beside his parked car). Finds were usually under volcanic rocks very close to shore rather than under coral slabs-- — perhaps because a carpet of green sea anemone covered the coral bottom a little farther out, We do not have first-hand evidence on the growth rate of the green carpet, but suspect that it may be very rapid since the region is described as having a good Cypraea mauiensis colony un- der flat coral slabs five years ago. Moderately fresh beach specimens of Cypraea mauiensis and Gyp , semiplota indicate that the region still boasts significant numbers of these prized Cypraea, FDR YD UR INFORMATION 1, The Botanical Garden fecundation's plant sale will be hied on April 22 E 23 at Granite Hills High School gym (719 Madison Ave,, El Cajon). Hours: Sat, 10-S, Sun, 12-5, Admission Si. 00. Please contact June King if you have plants to donate for this sale. 2, Back issues of The FESTIUUS are available. Complete original sets are available for the years 1972-1977. Duplicated copies can be made for 1970 and 1971 for those interested. Cost is 13,00 per set (year) including mailing, 3, Articles are needed for The FESTIV/US!! 33. MINUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ This month two shells of the Family Triphoridae are featured. They are from the Hertz collection and were dredged by Dave and Margaret Mulliner in IDD ft. of water, north of Punta La Gringa in Bahi^a de los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico on May 19, 1976, The identification of the first shell is tentative since it is based on a comparison of photographs and a review of several original descriptions. Final identifications would require microscopic examination and comparison with existing holotypes. This writer has tentatively identified the shell on the lower left as T riphora peninsularis (Bartsch, 1907) even though the holo- type was collected at Point Abreojos, Lower California. A single worn speci- men was reported by Fred Baker as having been collected at the main wharf at La Paz, Lower California, The shell also looks like T riphora Stephens! Baker and Spicer, 1935 reported from the Gulf of California, The T, Stephens! were taken by Capt, George D, Porter during his final disastrous trip, when he and hia companion were murdered on Tiburon Island by the Seri Indians. The specimens were labeled as from the Gulf of California, but it is possible that they may have been collected from Esp£"rito Santo Island near La Paz at the southern end of the Gulf since that is where Capt, Porter made most of his collections of minute shells. It is possible that the earlier worn shell re- ported by Baker from La Paz is T. Stephens! or that both T_, stephensi and T, peninsularis are the same. This would require study of the shells presentl housed in the San Diego Natural History and U.5, National Museums. The second Triphora has not been identified. It looks somewhat like a picture of T riphora inconspicua C.B. Adams, 1852 which is reported from T riphora peninsularis (Bartsch, 1907) Length: 2.8 mm T riphora sp. Length: 3,7 mm Photography by David H, Mulliner 34 Bartsch, Paul. 1907. The UJest American mcllusks of the genus Triphoris. Prcc. U.S. Nat. Mus., \/cl. 33, no. 1569, pp. 249-62, pi. 16 (Dec, 12), Baker, Fred. 1926. Mollusca of the family Triphcridae. Proc. Calif, Acad Sci,, ser. 4, v/ol. 15, no, 6, pp, 223-39, pi, 24 (Apr, 26), Bcker, Fred, and U.D.P, Spicer. 1935, IMeu species of mollusks of the qenus Triphora, Trans, San Diego Soc, IMat, Hist., v/ol. 8, no, 7, pp. 35-46, pi, 5, (Mar. 21). MINUTE INUADER By BARBARA U . MYERS In May 1977 my husband, f ov/eolata (Hinds, 1044) from □cenebra f oveolata (Hinds, 1844) 19 mm X 12 mm Collected off Pt , Loma on grav/el bottom. Photo by B.Ll, Myers near kelp John brought back a live collected Dcenebra a scuba dive at 65 ft, in the area of the seu- age outfall pipe off Pt. Loma, San Diego, Ca.. This specimen had its siphonsl canal overgrown with encrusting coralline algae. It had sealed off and bypassed its normal canal and diverted the siphonal canal upward, completely reversing direction so that the canal pointed backward toward the spire, I began speculating as to the probable cause for this peculiar, possibly inefficient and aberrant growth of the canal. There were no signs of injury to the shell other than this irregular positioning of the canal , I have seen crustose algae completely covering the shell of a mollusk, but never openings of a live specimen. Dr. of Scripps Institute of Dcaanography, in marine algae, advised that the of coralline algae is soft and blocking the Joan Stewart a specialist growing edge the normal movement of the siphon in the canal should prevent the algal growth from blocking the passage. In trying to find the answer, my next step was to remove the encrusting algal growth and expose the old siphonal canal. Working under the microscope, I cleared the canal of algae and debris, sand etc. The canal appeared un- damaged, but wedged back up the canal near the sealed off opening nestled a tiny mytilid bivalve less than a millimeter (.9 mm) long, complete with byssal threads. If this minute invader was the culprit, why had the Dcenebra taken such drastic evasive measures? Possibly this bivalve was caD able of burrowing. Some species in this family bore into rock and mollusk shells. Perhaps its target was inside the siphon itself, its byssal threads enabling it to attach tenaciously and in this niche being assured of an incoming supply of food. If this was so and it grew larger, it could interfere with the efficiency of the siphon as far as the Dcenebra was concernec 35 After a careful search of the readily available literature dealing with mollusks of this area, I could not place the mytiiid into any known genus or species. The detailed drawing by Anthony D'Attilio of the Department of Marine Invertebrates of the San Diego [\latural History Museum, shows clearly its distinctive shape and character. The shell is ,9 mm long and 1^ mm wide, equivalve, trapezoidal in shape and the beaks are behind the an- terior end. The umbonal area is swollen and continues diagonally to form a dorsal ridge. Sculpture on the posterior dorsal slope con- sists of 10 axial ribs. Strong radial growth striae make up the ventral anterior slope; they are very numerous and become very fine over the prodisoconch , The color of the shell is a translucent white with traces of an ochreous periostracum over the axial sculpture, Byssal threads are centrally placed. I want to express my appreciation to Anthony D'Attilio for his beautiful drawing and much needed assistance and to Dr, Joan Stewart for her information on coralline algee. Mytilidae sp. ,9 mm X ,5 ., camera lucida magnification IDX at 50 Drawing by Anthony D'Attilio o oi-:j ' 1 '.'!*]!-■>> ■' t'** V. 3v?it!n|d-'8i.^ s,+;r ■^,'swd!!ui m-iiU: SQisii'if / -ffs «'ij' «Tt9 ©j4^.!9'd 'bn, 8' , «£.i :?-■'!? 'i;ii, :V-^ni>tiPo mhl' i t L'.i ,^';.vjf _ f;9cnii fn'03[;'hhe ''r^tX^i^-^''Wl r;1'.v,rr:: ^ ^ ' ^' ' "H;# ffi ‘ o " ■'- ’’ ;..'■ ' 4.- A ;1'.3 v,ffi; ». q|Q :-'i fy: '{:; ; J ' k. „x- fc ' - . - . / - nics- i;.i::xt '^■’■e;" -'tT' ■^:tj^i'^. • 1 . ■ ' > I. M ^ V.?*F ^ij'^-' -"' ■ ''•' ¥' ''^i- '■ '• ‘• ■‘ •l4'^i rr^4^U«'‘ Jr^ii . ' . ^'.r l'.:' .,' :■-,( ^ .-7- :' ii-.k /^-: . -,:ii(;i(pi'C^:;;^'- V .; ^ W‘*-"»', -^'-^ 'Z:-.- 'Cftgf' ^ '■y -^if' ,' ji?.! ‘J ■ r f, ' ■ m- \ k" " 'M rnf;. ,*i ' -Ml ■' “.* 4Ti;-!(?4'Vi2 SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB, INC., MMBERSHIP ROSTER 1978 ALLEN, Letha S. CONNOLLY, Hubert GREENBERG, Ruth 187 Argyle Street 4785 Leathers c/o Tidepool Gallery Yarmouth, Nova Scotia San Diego, Calif. 92117 22762 Pacific Coast Hwy. Canada 85A 3X2 270-2865 Malibu, Cal. 90265 AMES, Waneta CURRIN, Norman HAIGH, Ernest 8c Marilyn Rt. 1 Box §3. 5431 Via Alcaczar 6533 Orangewood Ave. Eureka Springs, Ark. 72632 San Diego, Cal. 92111 Cypress, Cal. 9O63O BAILY, Dr. Joshua (h) 278-3831 HANSELMAN, George & Virginia kh35 Ampudia Drive D^ATTILIO, Anthony & Rose 58I8 Tulane St. San Diego, Calif. 2Z)15 29th Street San Diego, Cal. 92122 San Diego, Cal. 92104 453-3019 BERZINS, Ivars & Jacqueline 281-9731 4667 W. Talmadge Drive HERTZ, Jules & Carole San Diego, Calif. 92116 DILWORTH, Billee 3883 Mt. Blackburn Dr. 280-9643 6333 La Jolla Blvd. San Diego, Cal. 92111 La Jolla, Calif. 92037 277-6259 BIBBEY, Joe 459-1087 490 Citrus Ave. HEWITT, Susan J. Imperial Beach, Calif. 92032 DRAPER, Bertram C. 1600 Chapel St. ^3-5133 8511 Bleriot Ave. New Haven, Conn. O65II BRADNER, Hugh & Marge Los Angeles, Cal. 90045 KING, Bob & J\ine I867 Caminito Marzella EVANS, Roger 4269 Hawk Street La Jolla, Calif. 92057 1900 Camino de La Costa #L San Diego, Cal. 92103 459-7681 Redondo Beach, Cal. 90277 296-^574 BRATCHER, Twila FAULCONER, Philip & Heidrun KING, Frank & Family 8121 Mulholland Drive P.O. Box 82632 859 E. Vista Way Hollywood, Calif. 9OO46 San Diego, Cal. 92138 Vista, Cal. 92083 BREWER, Norval & Blanche 222-8082 KIRKPATRICK, June 3612 Roselawn Ave. FERGUSON, Raymond A. 3050 Rue D’ Orleans San Diego, Calif. 92105 8517 Rumson Drive Apt. 451 282-0148 Santee, Cal. 92071 San Diego, Calif 92110 562-1916 222-2369 BROSIUS, George & Doris Dep. Mail Sect., Box 11 FERNANDES, FrancisED LEVINE, Morris & Anita APO San Francisco, Calif. 963OI Sants Rita 139-62 Pershing Crescent Vila Nova De Cacela Jamaica, New York 11435 BURCH, Mrs. Beatrice L. Elgarv/e, Portugal 236 Kuuhoa Place LINDEBREKKE, Kenneth & Lynn Kailua, Hawaii 96734 GEMMELL, W.E. & Joyce 6306 Lake Badin Ave. CHACE, Enery (h) Rm. 51, 29661 So. Western Av. Space 47G San Diego, Cal. 92119 150 S. Anza 465-1092 El Cajon, Cal. 92020 San Pedro, Calif. 90732 447-8004 MACQUIN, Hazelle B. CLOSSON, Fred GOOD, Frank (h) & Barbara 437 Douglas St. Salt Lake City, Utah 84102 5750 Amaya Dr. 3142 Larga Court La Mesa, Calif. 92041 San Diego, Cal. 92110 MARTIN, Clifford & Clifton 462-6923 222-5605 324 Kennedy Lane CLOVER, Phillip W. GOO SEN, Bob and Dorothy Oceanside, Cal. 92054 757-1528 P.O. Box 83 59 Bayside Village Glen Ellen, Calif. 95A42 Newport Beach, Cal. 92660 MCPEAK, Ronald H. 10370 Limetree Lane Spring Valley, Cal« 92077 469-8964 MICHEL, John & Nola 4758 Mt. Cervin Dr« San Diego, Cal. 92117 278-9088 MINOR, Michael & Marilyn 10191 Maya Linda Road Apt. #59 San Diego, Cal. 92126 MULLINER, David & Margaret 5283 Vickie Drive San Diego, Cal. 92117 488-2701 MYERS, John & Barbara 3761 Mt. Augustus Ave. San Diego, Cal. 92111 279-9806 PELTON, Donald 37751 38th St. San Diego, Cal. 92105 PERRIN, William & Marilyn 2947 Luna Ave. San Diego, Cal. 92117 272-1285 PISOR, Don & Jeanne 10373 El Honcho Place San Diego, Cal. 92124 279-93A2 POORMAN, Leroy & Forrest 15300 Magnolia Westminister, Cal. 92683 PURDY, Ben & Ruth 3658 Euclid Ave. San Diego, Cal. 92105 281-6547 RICHART, Mae Dean 4090 Brant St. Apt. #4 San Diego, Cal. 92103 298-1032 RILEY, Ken & Jacki 9393 Helix Chula Vista, Calo 92011 ROBERTSON, Walter c/o London Associates 1137 Prospect St. La Jolla, Cal. 92037 459-6858 • ROSECRANS, Jennie I855 Diamond #5-234 San Diego, Cal. 92109 270-3595 ROWORTH, Edwin 1301 Windsor, Dr. Cardiff-By-The-Sea Calif. 92007 753-3903 RUHL, Deborah A. 10669 San Diego Mission Rd. Apt. 108 San Diego, Cal. 92108 284-1083 SCHMALTZ, Jayne 1215 Felspar San Diego, Cal. 92109 270-6753 SCHOENING, Robert C. Med Lab Tech School Naval School Health Sciences San Diego, Cal. 92134 233-2715 (Work) SCHULER, Marty & Sherry 5150 Balboa Arms Dr. Apt B-3 San Diego, Cal. 92117 279-8188 SECKINGTON, Sandra 6313 Lake Badin Drive San Diego, Cal. 92119 462-9455 SHORT, Ronald B. 1016 Guatay Ave. Chula Vista, Cal. 92011 420-0235 SEAY, Jim & Eunice 3290 San Carlos Dr. Spring Valley, Cal. 92077 466-8994 SKOGLUND, Carol 3846 E. Highland Ave. Phoenix, Ariz. 85OI8 SMITH, John E. VF-121 NAS, Miramar San Diego, Cal. 92145 SNELL, Chuck P.O. Box A.C. Trinidad, Cal. 95570 SDUDER, John 7845 Michelle Dr. La Mesa, Ca. 92041 STOHLER, Dr. Rudolf (h) 1584 Milvia St. Berkeley, Cal. 94709 STOWELL, Christopher & Linda 9755 Austin Dr. Spring Valley, Cal. 92077 462-4653 TAYLOR, Roland & Kay 2437 Aster St. San Diego, Cal. 92109 274-2998 The THOMAS Family c/o The Shell Shop 590 Embarcadero Morro Bay, Cal. 93442 THOMPSON, Ivan & Agnes 716 Second St. Sp. 178 El Cajon, Cal. 92020 447-0191 UPTON, Virginia Box 1614 Sierra Vista, Ariz. 85635 VOSO, Edward & Helen Terrace Mobile Homes #1-34 181 5 Sweetwater Road Spring Valley, Cal. 92077 469-8308 WALL, Toni 1930 Florida Court San Diego, Cal. 92104 295-5044 WEBB, Ray & Kay 501 -A Anita St., Sp. 186 Chula Vista, Cal. 92011 420-4900 WOOLSEY, Mary J. 3717 Bagley Ave. #206 Los Angeles, Cal. 90034 4 c I F418 Moll. THE WILLIAM H. DALU SECTIONAL LIBRARY DIVISION GF MOLLUSKS FESTIVUS SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA PARK ROOM 104 7:30 P.M. PrssidBnt:. <3une King UicB PrBsidBnt: Philip Faulconer Rscording SBcrBtary; .Walter RebertBon CQrrBsponding Secretary .Sandy Seckington Treasurer: • • • • •• • ••• • ••• ••Bob Schoening Editor:»»»e»*»*»»^»»»»»»**R®^*^l® M. Hertz Overseas ANNUAL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc^ Single membership 83^00; Family membership $4.00; surface 83.50; Student membership $2.00. CLUB ADDRESS: Address all correspondence to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, Ca. 92111. Ual. X May 1978 No, 5 * ; PROGRAM: * I * * * * * * ♦ ♦ * * * * "Staring at Snails' Teeth Scanning Electron Microscope Studies of Radula" uill be the topic of Hugh Bradner's talk which uill be illustrated with pictures and 'teeth'. Club Science Fair winner, Michael Jay will present an outline of his winning project (see p.39 ) and receive his award from the Club, DATE: May 18 TIME: 7:30 P.M. ROOM 104 THE BEST AUCTION EVER! By SANDIE SECKINGTON On a scale of ID, it had to rate a 10+! Lovely setting, stupendous food, superb punch, exceptional companions and shells. It was a terrific auction and many, many shells found loving new homes. Some of the more exciting barggins auctioned by our super salesmen, Norm Currin and Bob Schoening included A Cypraea exusta, C, semiplota , Conus kintoki . C, bullatus, V/oluta cymbiola , Uw kurodai , and a Siratus alabaster . An exquisite drawing by Tony D'Attilio saw very spirited bidding as did a lovely large T ridacna squamosa with stand. Many overstuffed, satisfied Club members sleepily left for home in the early hours, convinced that this had been the best auction ever. Our thanks to our gracious hosts. Marge and Hugh Bradner, f 37. (MOTES DIM GEfMKAK^UREX FII^BRIATULUS (A. ADAMS, 1062) AIMTHDIMY D'ATTILIO San Diego (Matural History Museum During the early part of 1977 Dr. George E. Radwin and I had been pre- paring a paper dealing uith a species of Muricidae which has had a checkered career in its reassignment from one family to another. Its history is as follows : 1862, Trophon f Imbriatulum (A. Adams, 1862), Description, but not illustrated. 1869, Murex (Dcinebra) f imbriatulus (A, Adams, 1862), This assignment was by E. A. Smith and the apparent single specimen was figured in Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London for that year, 1880, Murex f imbriatulus (A, Adams, 1062), A copy of E. A. Smith's figure published by Tryon in the Manual of Conchology, 1953, Genkaimurex varicosa Kuroda, 1953, Description and illustration. Specimens studied are apparently all from the Sea of Japan, Korea Straits and the surrounding area. The species has also been assigned to Coralliophilidae where it has remained for a number of years. Except for its ocenebrine-like closed canal, all other external features suggest the characters of a coralliophilid. Material on loan to us from the mollusk collections of the IMational Museum (IMo, 2O5A04) and from the Academy of (Matural Sciences of Philadelphia (A.IM.S.P, (Mo, 247882) included the soft parts. The shells in both instances were small and immature, A spe- cimen is illustrated in Fig, 1, Preserved specimens of mature varicosa were not avail- able to us and the shell alone is illus- trated (Fig, 2), The protoconch of the A,(M,S.P, specimen was well preserved and appears in F"ig, 3, My early doubts as to the familial placement of this species were aroused primarily by the presence of the closed siphonal canal, I pointed out the problem to George Radwin, and we undertook the radula studies (Fig, 4), The results necessitate removing the species from the Coralliophilidae; however, appropriate familial placement is unknown at this time. Students from the mid-nineteenth century to the present time have not been able to detect the presence of a radula in any coralliophilid species, nor is any species known to possess a closed canal. Other writers had previously noted the possible synonymy of f imbriatulum and varicosa. All material studied herein was discovered in the same geographical area. Fig, 1. Genkaimurex f imbriatulus (A, Adams, 1862) 9mm Ui.x 17mm H. Korea Straits U.S.N.M. 205480 38. Fig, 2, Genkaimurex waricosa Huroda, 1953 TLocality, probably Korea Straits Genkaimurex f imbriatulus A.W.S.P. 247802 lOx at 50 camera lucida George Rsdwin passed auay in September, 1977, before a paper could be finally prepared. In the follouiing month Matsukuma (1977) had an extensive article published which illustrated the radula and other details of biological interest concerning Genkaimurex varicosa with no mention of f imbriatulum or of a recognized family. Fig, 4, Genkaimurex f imbriatulus (A, Adams, 1862) U.S.N.M, 205480 The radula, as figured by Matsukuma, differs in minor respects from that of ^ig, 4 by not showing the fine lateral denticles typical of Qcenebrinae. Other observations of interest in hia paper are that 10 living specimens were 39 collected on a sand bottom in the Sea of Japan, these being attached to the left valve of Pecten (Notovola) albicans (Schroeter) in uhich they had drilled holes* Apparently the soft parts of the Pecten had not been damaged, and the author concluded that this species sucks juices from the scallop. In the words of Matsukuma, G, varicosa is a ”hole-boring, inactive predator, namely, parasitic or commensal on mollusks, preferably P. (N.) albicans. ” Although his description of the protoconch refers to a "smooth, pauci- gyrate protoconch" his illustrations lack detailed features (Fig, 2, this paper). Acknowledgment Dr, William C, Cummings kindly read the manuscript and suggested changes. Literature Cited Adams, A, 1862, On the species of Muricinae found in Japan, Proc. Zool Soc, London. Uol, 30: 370-376, Huroda, T, 1953, I\lew genera and species of Japanese Rapidae. Jap, Jour. Malac, (Uenus) V/ol, 17(3): 117-130, Genkai Sea, off Kyushu, 25 fms, Matsukuma, Akihiko, 1977, IMotes on Genkaimurex varicosa (Kuroda, 1953), Jap, Jour, Malac, (Wenus) Vol. 36(2); 81-88, PI, 88. Fig, 1-9, text Figs, 1-2, Smith, E.A, 1879, On a collection of molluscs from Japan, Proc. Zool, 3qc,, pp, 181-217. PI. 19-20 (p.20, PI. 20, Fig. 31). Tryon, G.liJ,, Jr, 1880. Muricinae, Purpurinae. Manual of Conchology. Mol, 2, p, 105, Suppl, PI. Fig, 537, Figure copied from E.A. Smith, THE SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB SCIENCE FAIR AWARD The Club's participation in the Greater San Diego Science and Engineering Fair is in its sixth year. Our award is presented annually to an outstanding upper division entrant in the category of marine life. This year's committee was Bob Schoening, Hugh Bradner, David Mulliner and alternate, Anthony D'Attilio, Michael Jay, a senior at Crawfcxd High School was the Club's choice with his project, "Chemotactic Reaction by Zooplankton With Application to Chemical Attraction Fishing," Michael won third place in the Biology-Microbiology division and eight special awards from scientific and professional organizations. Coincidentally, Michael Jay won the San Diego Shell ^lub Award two years ago when as a tenth grader his project was Testing For Red Tide in San Diego Bay, (see FESTIWUS, June 1976), Michael will be at the May meeting to present his project to the member- ship and to receive his award, Barnes' "Invertebrate Zoology." NOTE: Bills for Auction purchases will be presented at the May meeting. Bills will be sent to those not present. uo MINUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ As in recent months, ue feature below two more minute shells from the Hertz collection. These were dredged by David and Margaret Mulliner in 100 ft. of water, north of Punta La Gringa in Bahia de Ids Angeles, Baja California, Mexico on May 19, 1976, Photographs are by FESTIWUS staff photographer, David K, Mulliner, The shell on the lower left is from the family Turridae, although it hardly looks like the common members of that family. The worn shell, identified as Pyrgocythara helena (Dali, 1919) is rosy brown and approximately ^5 mm long. The shell on the lower right is quite worn but is identified as a member of the family Cerithiidae, as Alaba jeanettae Bartsch, 1910. There have been some questions raised as whether this is a form of Alaba supralirata Carpenter, 1857, Bartsch, in his original description, differentiated the two by the sculpture of the nucleus which in supralirata is very pronounced and by the strength of the varices and spiral sculpture which are more pornounced in supralirata. This is difficult to see in the highly worn specimen below. Pyrgocythara helena (Dali, 1919) Alaba jeanettae Bartsch, 1910 Length: 3»5 mm. Length; 2,5 mm. 41 SMITHS UDLUTA By PHILLIP U. CLDV/ER It is very seldom in a popu- lar family for three species to have the same name. In fact, most authors avoid doing this because of genera changes. Their names could become synonyms. In cones and couries, ufiere many genera are in doubt, the same name is never used twice, much less three times. But in Wolutidae the genera are well established and in the past 75 years we have three smithi all with the exact same spelling. Illustrations: Left tc right 1, 2, 3. 1, Fulqoraria smithi (Sowerby III, 1901) is from deep water off Chiba Pref,, Japan. The illustrated specimen is 180 mm in length and Mr. E.A, Smith was so honored for pointing out that Souerby's uniplicata had prior usage. 2, T eramachia smithi (Bartsch, 1942) also from very deep water — over 600 meters off Bohol Is*, Philippines. The illustrated specimen is 200 mm and is named for the director of the Philippine Albatross Expedition, Dr. H.M. Smith. 3, Pachymelon smithi Powell, 1950 is from 100-160 meters off South Island, New Zealand* The illustrated specimen is 100 mm and is named for Mr, J.G. Smith who donated the holotype to the New Zealand museum. This last species is possible for most collectors to add to their collections. But the first two are most rare and it is seldom that all three species will be seen together. CORRECTION: «pril 1977 issue of The FESTI\iUS, "Minute Invader" by Barbara UJ, Myers, p, 35, line 8. Width of shell should read 0,5 mm instead of 1,5 mm. DO YOU NEED ANY PLASTIC BOXES???? Peg Mulliner has the followino sizes available for immediate delivery. Contact her at 488-2701, ■U15 l"xl"x3/8" PS. 08 ea. #215 2"xl V8"x3/8" t .10 ea. #'780 2 7/8"x2"x3/4" P ,14 ea. f WiLLiAIvl * * — 40l ''^^^CTIONAI. DlVISiON Gr ivvGlLUGKS ,hTPESTI7D SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADD BALBOA PARK ROOM 104 7:30 P.M. President •June King WiCB President: Philip Faulconer Recording Secretary: .Walter Robertson Corresponding Secretary :, .Sandy Seckington Treasurer:. ....••••Bob Schoening Editor: Carole M, Hertz ANIMUAL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc. Single membership 83.00; Family membership S4.D0; Overseas gurfacB 83.50; Student membership 82.00. CLUB ADDRESS: Address all correspondence to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3603 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, Ca. 92111. \/ol. X June 1978 IMo, 6 ♦ >K+^r****:»* + *** + +** + + + * + *** + ***** + * + **********************************’'‘’'**** t * * * J PROGRAM: Phil Faulconer will give a preview of the upcoming Amela * J Expedition (trip to Melanesia soon to be tqken by several * X Club members). * * *■ J Pictures of the Auction will also be shown. * * Date: June 15, 1978 Time: 7:30 P.M, Room 104 * if FROM THE MINUTES OF THE MAY MEETING President, June King, called the meeting to order at 7:45. New members and guests were introduced as was Dr, Hans Bertsch, the new curator of marine invertebrates at the San Diego Natural History Museum, Hans spoke of his hopes and aspirations as curator and said that there would be an "open door" policy on the third floor in an effort to encourage the use of the Museum collection for study and research. Our Science Fair award winner, Michael Jay, was unable to attend the meeting and will speak to us about his project at the July meeting, Hugh Bradner was our speaker for the evening and nave a fascinating presentation on Cypraea radula. His slides ^wed scanning electron micro- graphs of radulae and were excellent illustrations of his descriptions of the structure and function of these fascinating "tongue teeth," Following the break the minutes of the February meeting were approved. Bob Schoening reported on the suction totals, June King announced the 44th Annual AMU meeting in Santa Glara. Anyone interested in attending, contact her for details. She also advised the membership that we will be d.onating a huge Syrinx aruanus to public television station KPBS for its annual auction. 43 The Botanical Garden Foundation has thanked us for our participation in their recent sale and mentioned that they mere very impressed mith the exhibit set up by Lynn Lindebrekke, Our next bonus shell drawing will be held in July. Attendance is necessary to qualify For this drawing. FOR YOUR INFORMATION 1, It's time to pay for Auction purchases. If you do not plan to attend the June meeting, send your checks to the Club address, 2, The Club needs a host for the September party. If you have a backyard you are willing to volunteer for the occasion please notify June King at 296-0574. 3r The Club's purchase of the four volumes of Oldroyd's "The Marine Shells of the Uest Coast of North America," has arrived and will be available for circulation at the June meeting, 4, The FESTIUUS needs your articles NOUJ! Fisichella, Melba A, ADDITIONS TD THE ROSTER Massey, Gonstance R, Ueber, Gladys C, 7873 Forrestal Rd, 4060 Huerfano Ave, ?^^310 6439 U, Myrtle, Sp. 79 San Diego, Ca. 92120 San Diego, Ca. 92117 Glendale, Ariz. 85301 483-0359 DUR HATS OFF TD DAUE DUYER By 3ILLEE DILLJORTH Some of us, who think we are good shell conservationists, should take a fij lesson from Dave Dwyer, He insists any sliell he takes be perfect, When I |!l collected what I thought was a lovely Cypraea tesselata Swainson, 1899, Dave |i pointed out a tiny flaw. I almost needed a magnifying glass to see the flaw. | I asked if he could see that small a flaw under water. He assured me he could, | Dave said my Cypraea tesselata should go back in the water, J Dave has a special diving spot where he found a giant size Cypraea tesselata which had a break on its dorsum that it had started to repair. He left it. Twice more he found the same shell. Each time he found the shell it ( was more nearly perfect than the time before. Recently he found it for the | fourth time. It was now a beautiful, perfect, exceptionally large Cypraea | ^ tesselata but this time it was sitting on an egg mass. Dave hopes he can be | :i lucky enough to find it for the fifth time and hopes all its babies will be as | j large as the mother. Dur hats off to a great shell conservationist, 1 MIIMUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ 44 Below are two more shells from the Hertz collection. As one might guess, the ones easiest to identify have been featured in earlier issues of the FESTIUUS, Those remaining, from the dredgings by David and Margaret Mullineri have all presented problems in identification and this writer in- vites comments and assistance. The two shells below were dredged in lOD ft, of waters north of Punta La Brings in Bahia de Los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico on May 19, 1976, Photographs are by FESTIUUS staff photographer, David Mulliner, The shell on the lower left is from the family Turridae, It is identi- fied as T enaturris merita (Hinds, 1843), The shell pictured is about 8 mm. in length by 3 mm. in diameter. It is white and has brown lines which define the shoulders. Keen reports the range as the head of the Gulf of California to Santa Elena Peninsula, Ecuador, The shell on the lower right was obviously a member of the family Rissoinidae, but none of the literature available to this writer seemed to fit. The various species of this family are generally very similar in appearance, but microscopic examination of the specimen revealed some charac- teristics which set it apart from many of the more common species. This writer is indebted to Anthony D'Attilio and Barbara Myers for identification of the species and for making the original description available. The shell is identified as Rissoina (Folinia) ericana Hertlein & Strong, 1951, The subgenus Folinia Crosse, 1866 is characterized by shells having sinuous axial ribs and apertures with a slight posterior notch. The original de- scription for R, ericana is in Hertlein & Strong: Mollusks of Mexico and Central America, 1951, 5, Eastern Pacific Expeditions of the Uew York Zoo- logical Society. XLIII. Mollusks from the West Coast of Mexico and Central America. Part X, In addition to the posterior notch of the aperture, the specimen below has a tumid basal area or fasciole. The outer lip is ren- dered nodulous by the ends of the spiral cords and this is distinctive for Tenaturris merita (Hinds, 1843) Rissoina ericana Hertlein 8. Strong, Length: 8 mm. Diameter: 3 mm 1951 Length:' 3mm, Diameter: approx, 1 mm 45 SOME NOTES ON THE FAMILY CONIDAE by Clifton L. Martin For almost three years I had been working on the Conidae, with a hoped-for goal of publishing a list of all of the species, both recent and fossil, that were described since the publication of the Catalogue of Recent and Fossil Cones , by J. R, le B, Tomlin, together with any name changes that may have occ\irred since the publication of that work in 1^37 • I had just completed a first draft and had taken it to Dr. Radwin for any corrections or suggestions he may offer when he informed me that Dr. Alan J. Kohn, of the University of Washington, had been working on esentially the same thing and very generously gave me a copy of Dr. Kohn's preliminary draft, which had already been pub- lished. As a result I sent my paper, together with other information to Dr. Kohn with the hope that it may be of some benefit to him in his research. I was quite pleased when he informed me that one species I had listed was a reference he did not have. However, in all fairness, I must admit that his preliminary draft contained several new names that I did not have. One of the results of my research has been two notebooks filled with information pertaining to the Conidae. Some of these, from my notes, may be of interest to others working with this family. 1. Conus gloriamaris Hwass in Brugui^re, 1792, new accreditation of authorship. The works of J, H. Chemnitz have been rejected for nomenclatural purposes and are not available (opinion 184 of the International Commission on Zoo- logical Nomenclature). Conus gloriamaris Hwass in Brugui^re, 1?92, is a junior homonym of C. gloriamaris Chemnitz, 1777, and the two are synonymous. The holotype of C. gloriamaris Hwass in Bruguifere, is in the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneva, and is no. 1106/84. It measures 88 mm. x 34 mm. See, Jour. Linn. Soc. (Zool.) 47, 313, P- 459; October 1968. 2. Dario conus bengalensis Okutani, 1968. A specimen of D. bengalensis was sold at auction by Sotheby's, London, March 4, 1Q71, for $2,510.00. The specimen measured almost exactly four Inches and was one of four specimens known to exist at that time. It was trawled off northwest Thailand, Dec- ember 1970. This was the highest price ever paid for any shell to that date. However, Edward Swoboda, of Beverly Hills, California, paid well in excess of that amo\int for the largest known specimen of Conus gloriamaris in 1977. Other shells have exceeded this price in recent years as well. See the last paragraph of note no, 3 below. 3. Conus thomae Gmelin, 17P1. In his remarks pertaining to this species Dr. Alan J. Kohn wrote.... "The diagnosis of C. thomae appears to be derived entirely from Chemnitz's diagnosis of the 'St. Omastute' or 'St. Thomastute' (1788; 84), A detailed account and accurate illustration were given by Chemnitz, who noted that the earlier figure of Martini (1773; pl» 53» fip:* 590) was based not on an actual specimen but on a picture of a specimen belonging to Bolten which the latter had given to Martini. For this reason the figure in Chemnitz (1788; pi, I38, fig, 1331^) of a specimen from, the Moltke collection is here selected representative of the lectotype of C. thomae and is reproduced as PI. 3* fig* 26. The diagnosis and the cited figure in Chemnitz (1788; pi. 143, fig. 1331^) are considered adequate to identify the previously undescribed species Gmelin intended to denote by the name C, thomae « The species, which does not appear to be well known, is considered provisionally valid. It possibly represents a variety of C. amadis Gmelin, but requires further study. It occurs in the Indo-Malayan region (Dautzenberg, 1937, (as C. omaicus Hwass))« A specimen of C. thomae was recently offered on a dealer's list for $4,500,00. If sold for its asking price it will be the greatest price ever paid for a single shell. It is an extremely rare species. 4. Conus dusaveli H. Adams, 1872, was until recently the rarest named shell in the world. Until 1977 the only known specimen was one that had been taken from the stomach of a fish caught off Mauritius. This specimen was acquired by James Cosmo Melvill (1845-1929) and was in his collection, to- gether with many other rarities, until after World War I. In 1919 John Read le Brockton Tomlin (1864-1954) purchased the Melvill collection and combined it with his own, making what was probably the largest and finest privately owned collection ever assembled. The holotype, from the Melvill- Tomlin collections, is now in the National Museum of Wales, Cardiff, It was a unique specimen until 1977, or more than a hundred years, when a very few specimens were found in the Philippines. 5. Conus viola Cernohorsky, 1977, new name for Conus vlolaceus Reeve, 1844. Reeve first described C, violaceus in 1844, based on three specimens in the Hugh Cuming collection. However, Reeve's C, vlolaceus is a primary homonym of C, violaceus Gmelin, 1791, which is an earlier name for C. tendineus Hwass in Brugui^re, 1792. The lectotype of C, viola measures 41,0 mm. x 15*0 mm. and is in the British Museum (Nat. Hist . ) , London , See, Nautilus, vol. 91 (2), pp. 72, 73; April 1977. 6. Conus tendineus Hwass in Brugui^re, 1792, is Conus violaceus Gmelin, 17'^1, See, Jour. Linn, Soc. (Zool.), 47, 313, p. 486, pi, o, fig, 115; October 1968 Also see. Jour. Linn, Soc. (Zool.), 46, no. 308, p, 95, pi. 3, figs. 30, 31; May 1966. 7. Conus mediterraneus Hwass in Brugui^re, 17'^2. In his 'Catalogue of Recent and Fossil Cones', p, 274; 1937, Tomlin listed 66 named varieties of C, mediterraneus . It is probable that most of these names will be found to be synon3rmous. 8. In 'Poisonous and Venomous Marine Animals of the World', vol, 1, by Bruce W, Halstead, M, D,, a list of eight species of Conus with venom apparatus so highly developed as to be a danger to man is given. The eight species are Conus aulicus , C. geographus, C, gloriamaris . C. marmoreus. C. omarla, C, striatus , C. textile, and C, tullpa , all of which are capable of inflict- ing fatalities on man. It was emphasized that the bite of other species may also be fatal but due to lack of data this has not been confirmed. A list of twenty -eight recorded cases of Conus bites that occurred from 1848 to 1963 states that eight were fatal. This is almost twenty-five percent. It is thought that many, perhaps most, bites were not reported and have not been recorded In medical statistics. NOTES ON THE SIPHDNAL CANAL IN MURICIDAE By ANTHONY D'ATTILIO The process of canal formation in the subfamily Dcenebrinae is a simple one* However, a brief explanation of this process seems timely based on some evidence which has recently come to my attention. As a general rule, the immature shell has an open canal. This holds true also if a specimen is examined at a time when a new but unfinished varical area is being formed by the mantle edge. At this stage of growth, when the outer apertural margin is unfinished, the apertural edge is thin and the canal open. As varical growth continues, the outer lip is thickened and closure takes place. Fig, la. is an illustration of a semi-formed outer aperture. Fig, lb shows how the formation of the closed canal starts. The mantle edge produces shell matter egually from both the left and right sides towards a center area and the dentate aperture begins to take shape. Fig,. Ic illustrates the fully developed canal with a barely perceptible suture and the distal opening. Fig. la immature lip Fig, lb semi mature lip Fig. Ic mature lip Figs, la-c Ocenebra f oveolata Further examples of closed canals in Muricidae occur in the genus Purpurellus of the subfamily Muricinae, and in the subfamily Typhinae with the exception of the monotypic genus Cinclidotyphus DuShane, 1969. Muricinae i an example of one subfamily usually with an open canal having a genus with a closed canal. On the other hand the usually closed canal subfamily Typhinae has a genus of which Cincli doty phis has an open canal. The closed canal in the genus Purpurellus Jousseaume, 1880 is formed not by equal accretions of shell matter from both sides but, instead, the left side is advanced over and oppressed to the right side. The margin of the left side is found well beyond the anterior center point of the aperture as shown in Fig, 2a, This character of closure of the canal is shared by the Typhinae with the one exception noted, the monotypic genus Cinclidotyphus myrae DuShane, 1969, 48 As I hav/e touched upon the subject of Purpurellus, I will add another unusual structural feature of this genus. The possession of a VBrical wing or flange (hence Ptery, Greek for wing) is found in Pterynot us as well as Pteropurpura (subfamily Ucenebrinae ) , As a rule the flange is more or less continuous from whorl to whorl and often on the cenal as well. The singularity of the flange in Purpurellus becomes evident in that portion of the flange above the shoulder. At this area the flange bends forward (the leading side) sharply and becomes appressed to the surface of the flange. This portion of the flange has then a double layered area, Fig. 2b. Fig, 2a drawing shows extent edges of canal as it of overlapping is closed Figs. 2a-b Purpurellus pinniger ^ fossil species of Purpurellus collected recently from the Miocene of the Dominican Republic (communication from E.H. Uokes) displays the same folded over portion of the varical flanne in its nnsterior position. ty ¥ ■ 1-i uS -.S ,;‘: . ; j, . , 4 .. ..' i-i'S ;' yi m: 'fv!p U ' ^ i.: './iy ■■'='';1ai,- . -C, \ - vk\ \ -V .M, ■ V*- ' •: ■■' *,( '\' - , , i' ’'M' ” >?i.' ' ' V'v *^'t:!T:' •V. A. 3 fit 1 ■ ■ '. (': V v..^.iAy.'V, c^iv !:i'4¥os^ ft ',r li -JiHH-Pjl', ■ ■ : ^ - ,i‘;; j ' ■ j,l _i/ -/j *'‘^3 f nrt*'‘ ^'«!i ,K i^'“ISi.‘*W#pffefe?^ -■ ‘t^ .- U ..I ' ■• ^ 'ifc; ■ -'f' i-'S' >s -., I ‘********‘********^*************** PROGRAM: Mitgr Night. June King uill give a short talk on Researching Wexlllum ornatum and uiill have a display of this miter. Bring your miters to the meeting to show and identify. J ♦ Michael Jay, the winner of the Club, Science Fair Award, will * receive his gift and give a presentation on his winning project^ There will be a bonus shell drawing this month, A member must be present to win. SAVE THE DATES! The September party will be held at the home of Sherry and Marty Schuler on Saturday evening September 16, Details will follow io- the next issue. FROM THE MINUTES By SANDIE SECKINGTON The June 15 meeting was called to order at 7;5D P.M, by President, June King. There were 26 members present. Fcllowing the introduction of new members and guests, Bmie Diiworth told the members about the forthcoming trip to the Solomons, explaining the work that went into making all necessary arrangements and outlining their itinerary. Then Phil Faulconer showed some very lovely slides of a trip he had made to the same general area so that members could get a feel for the 50 character of the area to be visited. An excellent photographer, Phil succeeded so well that all those not making the trip were sick with envy! Refreshment break was followed by a brief business meeting. The minutes of the previous meeting were approved as reported in the June FE5TR/US. The Qldroyd books have arrived and will be in circulation at the neat meesting. ADDITIDIMS TO THE ROSTER BRITISH MUSEUM UF NATURAL HISTORY WEBER, Gladys, C, Cromwell Road 6439 Myrtle, Sp, 79 London, SUJ7 58D Glendale, Ariz, 85301 England CHANGES OF ADDRESS HEWITT, Susan 0. NELSON, Mr. & Mrs. Jbhn Box 605 Yale Station 2165 Heather Lane Apt, 2 New Haven, Conn. 06520 Areata, Ca, 95521 REPORT ON THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE WESTERN SOCIETY OF MALACQLOGISTS By BARBARA GOOD The annual meeting of the Western Society of Malacologists was held at the University of Santa Clara from June 28th through July 1, 1978, Dr, Peter D'Eliscu of the Dept, of Biology of that university presided. Although not as well attended as ordinarily, the meeting was an interesting and stimulating event. Dr, Hans Bertsch, curator at our Natural History Museum, gave and in- formative and amusing talk on nudibranchs, Scott Johnson, also of our museum, collaborated in this study. "Intertidal Marine Mollusks of the Southeast Farallon Island, San Francisco County" as presented by Dqvid R. Lindberg and James Carlson gave us new information on this seldom explored island. An informal talk, with slides, on "Marginellidae and other Mollusks from Senegal” was given by Phillip Clover of our Club and was enjoyed by all, "Mytilids from the Galapagos Rift," as described by Dr. Oeda C, Kenk gave us some seldom seen examples of a giant clam from that area, A shell auction was held which netted the W.S.M, over 1600, On Friday a ^ine and Cheese Reception preceded the banquet at which Dr, Eugene Coan spoke on the life of James G, Cooper, IN MEMORIAM It is with sorrow that we report the passing of our friend, Ivan Thompson in his home on May 18, 1978, We deeply regret that the news of his death did not reach us in time for the June issue of The FEBTIUUS. Ivan was a longtime member of the San Diego Shell Club, joining in 1968, He was one of the ©rly collectors in both Florida and Mexico and aliiays had interesting stories to tell of his collecting experiences and his dealings with the fishermen. 51 RANQE EXTENSION FOR TEGOLA PUUJ[M^— REDISCOVERED By CAROLE M. HERTZ In March of this year I found a dead Tequla pulllqo (Gmelin, 1791) in a tidepool at the base of Archer St» in San Biego. Finding even a dead specimen of this Calliostoraa-like Tequla in this area is unusual, U)e had only found tuo others in our collecting along this coa’st. In August of 1970, I had found a small (D=al0,8mm, H=7mm) live T, pulliqo on a rock in Santo Tomas, ^aja California, Mexico uhile diving in 20 ft, of water. Then in December of 1971 my husband, Jules, found a small (D=13,5mm, H=12mm) live T, pulliqo in Cayucos, California high on a rock in the high tide zone. On first finding this species at Santo Tomas, we didn't know what we had found. It appeared to be a Calliostoma but it was unlike any west coast species in -our personal library. The old Baily & heep, WEST COAST SHELLS gave us our first hint though the shell was not figured and no range given, McLean's MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA (Second Edition) does not include T. pulliqo and Abbott's AMERICAN SEASHELL5 (Second Edition) gives the range as Alaska to Santa Barbara, California, The range for T. pulligo given in the books studied seen® to follow that of Tryon in the MANUAL OF CONCHOLDGY published in 1889, which lists the range as Bitka, Alaska to the Santa Barbara Islands, California, (Interest- ingly the fossil record shows it occurs in the Pleistocene of San Pedro and San Diego, Uaiifornia) toidroyd, 19273, The specimens I examined at the San Diego Natural History Museum show a much greater range than we had expected. They range from Alaska in the north, past Santa Barbara with specimens collected in San Diego, Point Loma, Coronado, including two lots of specimens collected in Baja California, one lot in a location called "Point of Rocks" and the other "Round Is,", (Ue could find no listing of Round Island on any of our three Baja California maps but did find a "Punta Rocosa" which roughly translates to "Point of Rocks," at approximately 28°N, Collection Data Obtained From The San Diego Museum of Natural History Specimens Location Collector 2 Forrester Is,, Alaska Geo» Uillett "H,N, Lowe Estate" 2 Sitka, Alaska Geo. Willett "A.M. Strong Estate 1 Alaska Harriman Expedition "H.N, Lowe Estate" 4 Sitka, Alaska Faye Howard 7 Davidson Point, Annette Is,, Alaska (1945) Edwin C, Allison 2 Monterey "H,N. Lowe Estate" 4 Farralonea Islands J , S , A , "H,N, Lowe Estate" 3 Long Beach, Cal, "H.N, Lowe Estate" 1 Pt. ^incent (15 fms) "A.M, Strong Estati 1 Mussel Cove (Laguna Coast) A.M, Strong 4 San Diego (on kelp) "H.N, Lowe Estate" 52 1 S^n Diego F,W, Kelsey 1 Pt, Loma "Mrs, E.M, Chaney Estate" 1 *^oronacflo Beach D.L, Emery 3 Round, Is,, Lower '^alif. "Fred Baker Estate" 1 Point of flocks. Lower Calif, F.W. Kelsey "Fred Baker Estate" 4 Point of Rocks, Lower Cal^ Mexico Viola S, Bristol The visit to the Museum raised some questions, Why uias the information available in the museum collection but not in the current literature? We Ljere intrigued and began looking through our oujn library at every publication that could possibly mention T* pulliqo. What we found was enlightening. Keen in 1937 in AIM ABRIDGED CHECKLIST & BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WEST NORTH AMERICAN MARINE MDLLUSCA corrected the range for T, pulliqo from its then southern | end at Santa Barbara to 28°N (putting the southernmost end of the range at I an area near a location called Punta Rocosa-*-north of Scammons Lagoon. | (§DNHM Collection)# I The search uafe on* The DISTRIBOTIDNAL LIST OF WEST AMERICAN MARINE \ MOLLUSKS, Proc, Conch, Club of S, Calif, in a section printed in February | 1946 lists T# pulliqo as being collected at Natividad, Louer California, | (on the map at approximately 28°N), Jdhnson & Snook in SEASHORE ANIMALS OF THE PACIFIC COAST (1967) listed the southern end of the range as San , Diego. Tom Rice in MARINE SHELLS OF THE PACIFIC NOTHWEST (1971) lists the { southern end of the range as Baja California, THE INTERTIDAL UNIWALV/ES OF « BRITISH COLUMBIA by Griffith lists T, pulliqo ' s range as Sitka, Alaska to | Lower California, \ It is interesting that the more comprehensive recent books on mol- f luska list either an outdated range for the species or do not include it > at all# (It is not included in Keen's SEASHELLS OF TROPICAL WEST AMERICA \ (SeCPnd Edition) though it occurs in the northernmost end of the range ( covered in her book. However, PuHigo would be outside of the Panamic | fauna which she treats since it is a California species ranging to Alaska, f Although the range has been extended as far south as 28°N there have been \ feu citations of this species in southern and Baja California and the { specimens we collected help to confirm the extent of the range, j At first it is easy to confuse T^. pulliqo with T, montereyi (Kiener, 1850) , | In fact Abbott in AMERICAN SEASHELLS, (Second Edition) stated thet "it | (pulliqo ) is also very similar to montereyi but its whorls are more | rounded and without the white color and faint spiral ridges found in | montereyi . " However, the prominent pointed tooth on the columella of T. montereyi with the spiral ridge within the umbilicus distinguish it unmis- t^ably from T, pulliqo. (See photos next page)# T equla pulliqo was first named and figured by Martyn,1784 (non-binomial) ; but he did not describe the species. Because the Martyn name is invalid, i the accepted author is Gmelin,1791, Dali, in 1909, erected the subgenus |' Promartynia of which T, pulligo is the type and which includes J, montereyi |j among other Tequla with an umbilicus# | Left; Right : Porsal views T egula montereyt- (Hieher, 1850) SQIMHM collestion Tegula pull iqo (Gmol^n 1 7Q1 Ho-phy Uni 1 nrf.i nn Apertural views Left; T* montereyl Right: T« pulliqo According to a paper by Jean A„ Merriman (1967) "On comparison of T equla pulliqo (Plate 54, Figure 1) with other T equla species^ the radula was found to be quite dissimilar. The extent of difference would confirm Dali's erection of a separate subgenus, Promartynia. for this species. Tegula pulliqo is primarily found off-shore on kelp while the rest of the T equla species are chiefly found scraping algal film from rocks, (Smith & Gordon, 1948), Consideration of the shell shows that it is- not radically different from other Tegula species. This lends support to the expectation that the radula might undergo edaphic* evolution resulting in quite dis- tinctive radular structure in an animal whose shell evolved more conser- vatively*” Fritehman (1965) who also did work on radular structure in west coast T equla suggested that T, pulliqo . T, aureotincta, T. brunnea. T, montereyi were closely related based on their radular structures. Oldroyd, in 1922, named Tegula pulliqo taylori for a large form found originally at Hope Island at the north end of Uancouver Island. From my observations of the S.D.M.H.M. collection, I find T, pulliqo an extremely variable species— these variations not necessarily related to location. Small Calliostoma-like conical specimens were collected at both ends of the range and large, heavy, rounded-whorl specimens were also ♦ resulting from or influenced by the soil rather than the climate. collected throughout the range. The shell is consistently flattened bcssally, the base being smooth and lacking spiral lines, the umbilicus wide and deep. The shell shape is conical, varying from strongly angulate to obtusely angled and from the flattened to somewhat rounded whorls. Acknowledgments I would like to thank Anthony D'Attilio, Associate Curator of Marine Invertebrates at the San Diego Museum of Natural Historyi for generously giving of his time and help in reviewing this article with me. My appre- ciation to Barbara bJ. Myers for preparing the photographs for this article and to my husband, Jules, for his enthusiastic assistance in searching our library and for proofreading the article. BIBLIOGRAPHY Abbott, R.T., American Seashells, Second Edition, p,51, f ig ..3B9-390, 1974 Baily, J. & Keep, J.L., Ulest Coast Shells, p.155, 1935 Belcik, F.P., Notes on a Range Extension and observations on Spawning in TEGOLA, The Ueliger, Wol,7, pp233-234, 1965 Burch, J.Q,, ed. Distributional List of the Ulest American Marine Mollusks, Proc. ^onch. Club of S, ^alif., 1944-1946 Dsll, UJ.H*, Prof. Pap, U.S, Geol, Surv», No, 59, p,94, no, 11, 1909 Fritchman II H.h,, The Radulae of TEGOLA species from the Ulest Ccb st of North America and Suggested Intrageneric Relationships, The Ueliger, Uol. 8; No. 1, pp. 11-14, figs. 1-lQ, 1965 Griffith, L.M,, The Intertidal Univalves of British Columbia, p,28, 1967 Johnson & Snook, Seashore Animals of the Pacific Coast, p,549, 1955 Keen^ A,M,, An Abridged Check List & bibliography of Ulest North American Marine Mollusca, p.46, 1937 Keen, A.M,, Seashells of Tropical Ulest America, Second Edition, 1971 Martyn, T,, Univ. Conch. II, fig. 76, (1788) (tRDCHUS PULLIGO^ McLean, J.H., Marine Shells of Southern California, Revised Edition, 1978 Merriman, J,A,, Systematic Implications of Radular Structures of Ulest Coast Species of TEGOLA, The Ueliger, Wol.g* No, 4, pp. 399-403, figs, 1-8 1967 Rice, T,, Marine Shells of the Pacific Northwest, p34, 1971 Cldroyd, I.S., The Marine Shells of the West Coast of North America, V/ol. II Part III, pp, 179-180, PI. 91, figs. 1,3, 4, 6, Reprinted from 1927 edition Tryon, H'.A., Manual of ConcholO'gy, Uol, 11, 1889 55 MINUTE SHELLS ay JULES HERTZ The tujQ shells featured belou are from the Hertz collection and were dredged by Dav/id and Margaret Mulliner in 100 ft, of ua1:er, north of Punta La Gringa in Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico on May 19, 1976. Photographs are by David Mulliner, FESTIUUS staff photographer* The small limpet was extremely difficult to identify and many hours Ljere spent looking through books* It suddenly struck me that what I had LJ9S an extremely juvenile specimen of the largest limpet in the world. The shell, Ancistromesus mexicanus (Broderip & Sowerby, 1829), gets to over 150 mm and has been used in the past by local natives for wash bowls. An adult shell is generally eroded and shows a few low angles or obsolete ridges, I have found immature shells of about 50 mm north of Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico which show the same ribbing and rib projection as shown on the minute shell pictured below. Each specimen of A, mexicana seems to have a different shape, and that too led to confusion in identifying the juvenile (4 mm) specimen. The shell pictured on the lower right is a member of the family Rissoidae, The specimen was quite worn and is believed to be Alvinia monserratensls (Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1930), This is quite a variable species and was originally collected at Monserrate Island, Gulf of California. Alvinia monserratensis (Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1930) Length: Approx. 1,5 mm 56 HANS 0ERT5CH The FESTIV/US is pleased to announce the arrival in San Diego of Dr, Hans Bertsch to assume the position of Curator of Marine Invertebrates at the San Diego Natural History Museum, Dr, Bertsch's credentials are impressive. He received his PhD in zoology from the University of California at Berkeley in 1976, At that time he accepted an Assistant Professorship at Chaminade University of Honolulu, Hauaii, where he has been teaching biology until the present time. Dr, Bertsch has been working in science since 1967 when, at 22, he was an Associate in Invertebrate Zoology at the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, He has been a grade school science teacher as well as teaching on the college level. He has taught at the College of the Holy Warns in Oakland, University of California at Berkeley and Chaminade University, He is fluent in Spanish and for the summer of 1975 he served as Assistant Resident Marine Biologist at the University of Arizona-Universidad de Sonora Cooperative Marine Station in Puerto Penasco, Sonora Mexico, Dr, Bertsch has said that he would like to initiate cooperative marine study projects in and with Mexico in the future. Dr, Bertsch's area of specialization has been the Opisthobranchia and the amount of published work he has already contributed is almost staggering. In the over thirty papers he has written for scientific journals, he has done intensive research into the Opisthobranchs — nudibranchs in particular. He has been a visiting investigator at marine laboratory facilities here and in Mexico and has recently become a member of the editorial board of The UELIGER, His long list of grants and awards is another indication of the activity and diligence of our new curator of marine invertebrates. In speaking briefly to the San Diego Shell Club at its June meeting, Hans strongly stated that he would like to maintain "an open door policy" at the Museum, encouraging members to come to the department when they need his help and/or wish to use the museum collection. Or, Sertsch is a dynamic person and his enthusiam for his new position is guickly evident in conversation with him, Ue wish Dr, Bertsch much success in his new position and toe hope for a long, pleasant^ and productive association with him, CLASSIC REPRINTED 3y BARBARA A. 'HERS THE MARINE SHELLS OE' THE WEST COAST Of NORTH Ai^ERICA by Ida Shepard Oldroyd; 4 vols.; 165 black and white plates; 1188 text pages; Stanford University Pres?; ^100.00 This four volume classic reprinted this year for the first time is in ansYijer to an ever increasing demand. Originally published n 1927, it was greeted with less than enthusiasm by the shell collector of that day. Time, however, has proved this set of books to be a valuable reference for the serious amateur and a helpful tool for the professional. Although mostly a compilation and not an original work (she described only one new species and two neW' subspecies therein;, it WaS and is a tremendous convenience to have the marine molluscan species of this coast, from the Arctic Ocean to San Diego, condensed into one set of books containing original citations and. where possible original descriptions, as well as location of type specimens, type locality, range etc. Assembling this amount of material must have been an arduous task; it took her eight years. The books today are a testament to her ability as a capable and careful worker. Systematic arrangement is according to the principal system in use some years ago, beginning with the most highly developed forms and proceeding to the simplest forms in each class. This takes a little extra time to become familiar with as there is no comprehensive index; each volume has its own index. Plates and text are often in separate volumes and this is another slight nuisance. Foreign language descrip- tions are in most cases follov;ed by an English translation. There are no colored plates, they are all blacic and white, either wash drawings, pen and ink or line engravings or photographs. Her figures for the most part are extracted from other published works. Many of the plates used are from the Proceedings and Bulletins of the United States National Museum. Most of the figures then are repro- ductions of a reproduction. In a comparison with the original 1927 set many of the wash drawings and photographs are less well defined and somewhat darker. The line engravings although a little darker distinctly show^ the characters of each specimen. V.here there is no figured specimen, there is a reference to the location of a figured specimen. Strangely there is not one figure of a chiton, this group of mollusks being such a notable feature of the fauna of this coast of North America. Since it is just a reprint, there is no revision of names and as would be expected, many of the names are out of date. There is an accompanying unbound correction sheet for the plate legends prepared by Dr. Myra .Keen, part of which was first publisned in "An Abridged Checklist and Bibliography of Mest North American Marine Mollusca", Keen, 1937. Added corrections were made by Dr. Keen in January, 1978. These coriections are vital to the user of the oooks and I tninx they should nave been bomd into each volume. I have mo.de the corrections in pen and in^c in our library volumes. It is important to stree;- tuo.t although these Dooms are a good preliminary aid, recourse shoitLd always be to the original citation and they must be used with other references as there have been many nomenclatural changes in the past 50 years. This set of books is a needed acquisition for our library and will be most helpful to those working on material from our area. FROM OUR MAIM KM THE SOLOMONS aJiTH THE AMELA 1978 EXPEDITION Twenty-five hours on a plane and in airports. Arrived Honiara, Solomons via Honolulu, Fiji and New Hebrides. The weather in the Solomons has besn beautiful, warm and humid, beautiful clouds over the distant islands, IjJe have been night diving once and snorkeling both night and day* Lots of fine shells* Tonight we board the boat for a ten day cruise and diving. Then back for the Independence celebration. Then back to diving and cruising. Lots of pictures, beautiful scenery and handsome people. OAV/E MULLINER F M -V.v'r' *’’■ ' ..*S, •"■,’• ■ 'it ■ ‘ ^ ■ ■’'*■' ' ‘ y'l.;,, ; ■ ■v-A: ■•. r L . '■„'; ' ',, i^^^i,, '.,.■' ,v’ ^•:i ;r, . ’ * V- .* i rC *■ ; rT'r ■T^^- ' ■ ■L ‘'i' ‘- "''''■ 6 '. ' t' ' -V V : ■ p ■■'i., .■'»'. f T' ■ "vi • V - ' - ■ H jN- -. *^I||" '’■■■ ■ ' ..- y . . ^ V- ■ri ■'• M ;-;4'-V . 'U 'fa'-. A - ^•01 F4i8 Moil. THE WILLIAM H. DALI] SECTiONAL LIBRARY SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA PARK ROOM XOi* 7:30 P.M. President .June King \IicB President: Philip Faulconer Recording Secretary: UJalter Robertson . Corresponding Secretary :. .Sandy Seckington T reesurer : .Bob Schoening Editor: Carole M, Hertz ANIMUAL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc. Single memberehip 13.00; Family membership $4.00; Dvereeas surfecB 13,50; Student membership $2.00. CLUB ADDRESS: Address all correspondence to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3683 Mt, Blackburn Ave., San Diego, Ca. 92111. Uol, X August 1978 No. 8 PROGRAM: The Amela '78 Expedition, Part I. This uill be a first re- port by the participants in the trip to the Solomons, Their talk will be accompanied by slides, both of land and under- water. . SAV/E THE DATE! September 16 is the date for the party to be held pool- side at Sherry and Marty Schuler's residence. The theme will be Beachcombers, Details will be given at the August Meeting, Date: Aug. 17, 1978 T^ime: 7:30 P.M. Place: Room 104 FROM THE MIIMUTES Twenty six people were present at the July 20, meeting. The principal speaker for the evening was the Club's Science Fair winner, Michael Jay, who gave a report on his winning project, "Chemotactic Reaction by Zoo- plankton with Application to Chemical Attraction Fishing." (Article to fol- low in a future FESTIUUS) There was a spirited question and answer period following Michael's excellent lecture, Hugh Bradner, Science Fair Committee chairman, presented Michael with his award, an inscribed copy of Barnes' "Invertebrate Zoology". Following Michael Jay's talk, June King discussed the variation in V/exillum ornatum and showed a selection of the color patterns of this shell. Members brought in their miters for display at the meeting. After the coffee break, there was a brief business meeting. The June minutes were accepted. No treasurer's report was given. 58 The September party will be held at Sherry and Marty Schuler's home. The theme and details of party planning will be announced at the August meeting. John Smith won the door prize and June King won the bonus door prize, a beautiful Uoluta ebraea. A door prize "gift" was giv/en to Michael Jay, NElil MEMBERS BERTSCH, Hans (Honorary) 840 Turquoise St, Apt, 207 San Diego, Ca,, 92109 273-2706 (home) 232-3821 (Museum) HOGAIM, Karen 2736 Uorden St, San Diego, Ca, 92110 223-5968 BOOK- REVIEV^ By BARBARA W. MYE'.RS fie;ld guide to seashells of the world By Gert Lindner - Translr-ted and Edited by Gwynne Vevers Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York - 1978 $8.95 — 271 pages; 64 color plates Originally published in Germany, 1975 under the name "Muscheln und Schnecken der Weltmeere" What separates this book from the "picturebooks" that have become very popular is the author's knowledgeable and comprehensive background of the Phylum Molluscs w'ith scientific facts introduced in a clear, concise and easy to read style. It includes anatomy, morphology of the shell, distributicn and taxonomy. The systematics used in the book, as stated in the Forward, are based mainly on R. C. Moore's "Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology" and R. Tucker Abbott's "Indo-Pacif ic Mollusca". The bibliography is not extensive. The color photography in this paperback is outstanding. The author, who is also the photographer, has pictured more than 800 species grouped with artistic symmetry on 64 color plates. There are common as well as exotic species, but all are attractive. The Gastropoda and Bivalvia are well represented, but, as usual, the Polyplacophora (chitons), Scaphopoda and Cephalopoda get very little attention and these three Classes only rate one color plate among them. There is a paragraph describing each Class and a few lines for each Superfamily; a more detailed summary is given for each Family, i. e. a brief discussion of the nomenclatural problems in the Cypraeidae. Genera and subgenera are listed. A number of black and white close-up photographs emphasize a distinctive shell character which should help in the recognition of the different families. Descriptions of species are restricted to simple remarks; sizes and areas are approximate. The index is brief and lists no species names. In my opirdonthis is an exceptional book for the casual collector which should pique the curiosity of its readers and lure them into a more "in depth" investigation of the various aspects of the study of "seashells". In addition it would also be a handy reference for the serious collector as it condenses a wealth of information into one volume, easy to use, carry or travel with. 59 THE ART OF BH-T M:\TIIMG By FORREST POORMAIM Bur small time dredging operation for mollusks is not a one person operation! As first and only mate of the Captain, I know. The duties and responsibilities on a 13.5 ft. Gregor with a Johnson 15 HP. motor are un- heralded but vital; and I propose to reveal all. Assembling and remembering all the peripheral equipment is the first step in becoming a first n^te. In order of importance in this area is the snacking material for the captain, including water. The check-off list also includes; boat pillows, insect repellent, tool box, "goodie jar", gloves, comfort pan, tubs, C.B., hats, and keys to unlock removable equipment in the boat, biith good management, one can carry all of this to the boat in one load. The first mate assists in launching the boat. In most situations the boat is lounging on a sandy or rocky beach. The primary duty then is to keep the canvas roller under the boat as the captain pulls it toward the water. The greatest problem is getting the roller exactly in the middle of the boat as the Captain holds the heavy thing up in the air. So many times the Doat tips sideways and does the Captain growl! Cruising, one can't say sailing, along to the dredging spot is a time of wonder and contemplation. Bometines it is only for a five minute period, other days it takes 20-30 minutes to get to the exciting "deep hole," The Captain often consults the first mate on bearings to determine the previous day's good dredging spot. It is strange that two perceptive, observing people can remember so differently. The Captain is almost always right! "Dredge overboard" time usually brings a timid question, "Are all the knots tight?", which does not gain brownie points for the first mate. The next big responsibility is to see th:^t the weinhts at the 500 ft, mark on the rope do not hit the bpck of the Captain as the rope flies from the box at the feet of the s-^metimes daydreaming mate. At the rinht depth, the rope must be secured at the bow. To tie square knots with a snaking rope while leaning backwards and sideways takes great skill, liJhen the word is passed that the "censored" dredge is finally an the bottom and is dredging, the crew will have 20-30 minutes to observe the fascinating sea life of the Gulf of California. Stories could be told of the porpoises, finback whales, sharks, sea turtles, bats, butterflies and myriads of sea birds and their antics. Then too, one can sunbathe and nap. Because of the motor noise, conversation is at a minimum. lilhen the work is passed that the dredge will be lifted, the mote cannot "step lively" but can sit up and wrap legs with towels. It took some weeks to discover that the red itchy spots on the mate's legs were caused by minute strings of jellyfish which were flipping from the rope as the mate was coiling it into the box, Chile retrieving the line, the entire crew con- centrates on the approach of each IBG ft, marker on the 1,000 feet of rope. Since the line is made up of three different purchases, the coldr and charac- teristics are different, tilth the appearance of the 500 ft, marker, tension mounts throughout the ooat. The hand operation is over and the loud and lusty Briggs and Stratton motor is cranked and cussed into action, Chile the noise is deafening, the sheer joy of having the winch, not the wench, pull up the heavy dredge is almost the ultimate. As the last 100 ft, is in the rope box in an irregular coil of B, not remotely resembling the accepted nautical techinquB, the tension changes to apprehension. For the ultimate performance of the first mate is to shut off the uiinch motor before the chain and loaded dredge are throu/n into the boat. The uinch motor has a mind of its own and a uill to achieve and nothing mill deter it. One time the motor mas started while the dredge uas caught on the bottom. The winch tore itself loose from the boat seat and nearly joined the dredge at the bottom of the Gulf, Fast action on the part of the mate in shutting off the motor saved it and the boat. The desperate act of turning it off consists of having one hand on the metal strap that at the exact moment must be firmly pressed down on the spark plug. To know this exact moment, the rest of the body must be hanging over the side of the boat, eyes glued on the speeding rope. Sometimes one wishes the little fellow would get lazy and slow down just a little, While the Captain hoists the dredge over the side, the next uninspiring job for the mate is to carefully slide over to the other side of the boat, trying not to topple the standing Captain while endeavorino to balance the boat. This takes delicate concentrr-it ion ^nd justifies not going on a much needed diet, h tub must be immediately available so the Captain can transfer the grunge from the dredge. While the Captain proceeds with the next dredoing run, the mate's real reward is at hand. The first look at the virnin grunge is exhilarating. All the large rocks go over the side as well as common shells dead c-nri ^’live. The Can Carlos seagulls, :i.iho faithfully follow the boat, puzzle over the dis- cards, Why are there no fish scraps like those from all the other boats? They do not dive for the starfish, sand dollars, crabs, small fish and other creatures that are returned to the sen. The desirable shells and "squealers" are placed in sea water in the "goodie jar," By the time the next dredge load is ready to he token aboard, the previous load has been reduced to a few inches in the bottom of the tub. Wonderful surprises are sometimes lingering in the grunge rod hunting for these provides the evening entertain- ment on the dinino table. Lying dead in bouncy water, lihile changing spark plugs, is one of the hazards of the action. The mate can be favoratily compared to the nurse on a T.U. medical team. With tool box on lap the mate must slap screw driver, pliers, pipe, and spark plug into the hand of the Captain with the same skill as a nurse. What a joy when the miotor decides to go again. The Captain has not yet accepted the mate's skill in rowing. He feels that rowing in circles takes too much time in getting to the desired shore. Any- way, the C.0, is his insurance against rowing — he can always call for help. The purpose of this account has been to explain the necessity of having a skilled, intelligent, alert mate who can help make things happen. Naturally the Captain must liave these skills also. FDR YDUR IIMFGRMATIDIM 1. Dr, Hans Bertsch, Curator of Marine Invertebrates and Dr. Amadeo Rea, Curator of Birds and Mammals, will lead a research field study to Hawaii from December lA-28, 1978, This trip, under the auspices of the San Diego Natural History Museum is limited to 25 persons. For information, contact Dr, Bertsch or the San Diego Natural History Museum. 2, The sixth annual convention of the Conchologists of America will be held at the Island Inn, Westbury, Long Island, New York on September 27 end- ing September 30, It will be hosted by the Long Island Shell Club, For more information, contact the Convention Chairman, Martin Lerner, 64 Thompson Ave,, Oceanside, N.Y., 11572, MIWUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ 61 The tuo shells shouin below are from the Hertz collection and were dredged by David and Margaret Mulliner in 100 ft. of water, north of Punta La Gringa in Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico on May 19, 1976, Photographs are by David Mulliner, FESTIV/US staff photographer. The specimen in the lower left was identified by Anthony D'Attllio as Cerithiopsis tuberculoides Carpenter, 1057, This specimen is in the Family Cerithiidae, Subfamily Cerithiopsinae, Genus Cerithiopsis Forbes & Hanely, 1851, The original description for this species was by Carpenter (1857) and outline drawings are in Keen (1960), The specimen below was compared with a lot in the San Diego Natural History Museum, collected in the "Gulf of California." Type locality for this species is Mazatlan, The specimen shown on the lower right is in the Family Pyramldellidae, Genus Turbonilla. With the help of Anthony D'Attilio, the specimen has been tentatively identified as belonging to the Subgenus Strioturbonilla, Sacco, 1892, This Subgenus encompasses species having strong axial ribs, fine spiral cords, and a subquadrate aperture. There are many species of Strioturbonilla from the Mazatlanic faunal area, Bartsch (1912) listed eleven from there and quite a f ew have been recorded from there since then. This writer has examined many of the original dpscriptions and figures of the Strioturbonilla species from the Mazatlan faunal area without being able to make a positive identification. Cerithiopsis tuberculoides Carpenter, 1057 Length ^ 2mm Turbonilla sp. Length; 3,2mm 62 CarpenteTj P.P., 1857c, Catalogue of the collection of Mazatlan shells in the British Museum: collected by Frederick Reigen, London (British Museum), pp. i-iv & ix-xvi & 552 (Aug, 1, fide Sherborn, 1934), Keen, A, Myra, 1968. West American mollusk types at the British Museum (IMatural History) IV/. Carpenter's Mazatlan collection. The V/eliger, vol. 10, no« 4, pp, 389-439, pis, 55-59, 171 text figs, (Apr, 1), Bartschgi P,, 1912, A zoogeographic study based on the pyramidellid mollusks of the west coast of America. !\lo. 1906. From the Proc. of the U.S.N.M., vol, 42, pp, 297-349 with pi, 40 (June 15), DIVING EXPERIENCES IN PUERTO EICO By JOHN D. MYERS Lured by the crystal clear V;ater, the exotic fauna and the ease of collecting, November, 1977 found us back in Puerto Rico, seven months after our first visit, again the guests of oiur generous friends, Bob and Linda Carter. Although plagued this time by black flies, mosquitos, hot, humid v.eather and torrential downpours, this second trip' was filled with as much enjoyment and excitement as the first. Our host had many new collecting spots and methods for us to check out. Familiar with the area and the fauna now, our collecting was more specialized. First, a dive on the wreck that Bob had discovered while flying over the passage betw'een Vieques Island and Puerto Rico. The Emma L. Atwood, a three-masted wooden schooner, 200 ft. long, en route from New York to the small port of Humacao on the east coast of Puerto Rico, sank in 1906. Not Biuch is left today of Vihat once must have been a proud sailing vessel. Her superstructure has long since disappeared, broken up and scattered by wave action soon after the disaster. The wooden hull was covered with copper sheathing and pieces of the sheathing and copper nails can still be found. Wooden hulls can be destroyed by teredos, bivalves commonly called shipworms, in less than twenty years and we only found blackened scraps of wood here and there. We located the massive anchor, the old fashioned flukes much eroded. As we dove around this fragment of history, we could sympathize with the men that had to winch this monster up from the deep. Although within a few rai.l es of the coasts of both Puerto Rico and Vieques Island and in shallow water, history records no survivors and we assume she foundered in a severe storm. The currents in this passage are so strong we had to dive at slack tide, trailing lines and diving up-current. While Bob was attempting to uncover the rudder, I scrounged some square brass spikes and bars, a sheet of copper sheathing and copper nails and from the meager debris tried to visualize the ship's contour. Our time was limited to thirty minutes and then the current began Id race; slack tide was over. Continuing across the passage to Vieques Island, which lies nine miles east of Puerto Rico, we dove off the end of the Pier despite dire warnings froi;. the local fishermen of sharks — big sharks. We saw barracuda — big barracuda, but no sharks and collected several long spined Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781. These were covered wdth a purple-black spongy growth which camouflaged their spiny beauty. Vve also found Charonla variegata (Lamarck, 1816), but the much sought 63 after gold specimen that I found turned out to be rather eroded. 1^/e picked up some large specimens of Astraea c a el at a (Gmelin, 1791) > the very attractive Trachycardium isocardia (Linne, 1758), Lifllg: scgbra^ form tenera Sowerby, 1843 and L. pell ucid^ C. B. Adams, 1846. Bob collected the only Turbo canaliculatus Hermann, 1781, Later dragging each other behind the boat in Vieques Passage, we collected Cassis tuberosa (Linne, 1758), C. madagascariensis Lamarck, 1822, C. meBTa' gascarlensTs form spinella ITlench,~T944> several perfect Strombus gall us Linne, 1758 and a few Conus da.ucus Hwass, 1792. Day followed day of perfect diving, each new spot ^yielded new species — Astraea tecta (Lightfoot, 1786), raie in this area, only two specimens; iiflurex brevif roris Lamarck, 1822, not at all common; Xenophor a conchyliophora (Born, 1780), Cymatlum f emorale (Linne, 1758;, Strombus glgas Linne, 1758, with flaring pink apertures, co status. Gmelin, 1791, S. raninus Gmelin, 1791, S. pugllus Linne, 1758, Vasum muricatum (Born, ] 778) and Antigona rlglda Dillwyn, 1817. I would find myself hypnotized by the variety and color of the small reef fishes and the intricate shapes of the corals, especially attractive is the flower coral.. A stinging on my arm or leg would remind me to watch for fire coral or the much hated long spined black urchin. Poking into a crevice, I disturbed a sleeping nurse shark that darted out the other end startling Bob, who didn’t see me laughing at him. All too soon this stimulating and pleasant interlude ended and it was time to head back to San Diego and cold water diving. I would like to thank my wife, Barbara, for her identification of the species collected and assistance in writing this article. A SPECIAL ISSUE THIS FALL The FESTIVUS is proud to announce its publication of a speciel issue this Fell entitled, "Muricacea; Catalogue of the Family Sor aHiophilidae. " by Anthony D'Attilio, cc-author of "Murex Shells of the UioTld,” and assistant to the curator of Marine Invertebrates at the San Diego Natural History Museum, In the words of the author, this "catalogue consists of all taxa proposed for the family, specific and supraspecif ic , The list is complete as far as my research has shown," This work, an ambitious undertaking, mill be a valuable tool for the researcher and amateur alike. As a service, the FESTIUUS mill make copies available to non-members and/or additional copies to members at S2.00 a copy, (To get this issue along mith the complete set of the FE5TIUUS for 1978, send S3, DO for U,S, membership, S3, 50 overseas). IN MEMDRIAM It is mith sadness that me report the death of Frank Abbottsmith of West Australia on June 10, 1978, Frank mas a noted collector of the Volutidae and the author of a book on the family entitled "Australian Multiform Volutes," He mas a friend to the San Diego Shell Club, visit- ing here tmice and giving illustrated talks on Australia and its volutes to Club members. f. • y il0^ — } k QL 40l F4IS Moil THE / WiUJAM H. DALU SECTiONAL LIBRARY DIVISION GR ivtO!_LUSKR SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADQ BALBOA PARH ROOM XOL 7:30 P.M, President: •June King Uice President: Philip Faulconer Recording Secretary; .Ualter Robertson Corresponding Secretary :• .Sandy Secklngton Treasurer : ..Bob Schoenlng Editor: .Carole M, Hertz ANNUAL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shell Club, Inc. Single membership 13.00; Family membership SL.DO; Overseas surfscB $3.50; Student membership $2.00. CLUB ADDRESS: Address all correspondence to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3663 Mt» Blackburn Ave., San Diego, Ca. 92111. \Jol, X September 1978 No. * COME TO THE BEACHCOMBERS' BALL!! September 16 at 6:00 P.M. poolside * at Sherry and Marty Schuler’s residence. Details and map on last * page of this issue* Come in your best beachcomber costume. * ♦ * Speaker for the October 19th meeting will be Dr. Hans Bertsch. t******************^!*********************************lt:*1itit:^cllc:ti^c4::tc:Hii^tt:i^t*** FROM THE MINUTES By SANDIE SEChINBTON There was a large turnout (A7) members plus many new friends at the Aug* 16th meeting which saw Phil Faulconer give part one of the much antici- pated report on the Amela Expedition. With other members of the expedition chiming in at appropriate times, he presented an array of exquisite slides depicting the underwater life they encountered. Included in the slides were many wonderful closeups taken by Dave Mulliner. Also included was an interesting view of village life on an atoll. (Phil's talk will appear in a future issue of The FESTIUUS. Ed.). During the business portion of the meeting the minutes were approved as published in the August FESTIUU5. The Beachcombers' Ball on September 16th was discussed. The main dish will be bouillabaise. Each member is asked to bring his food contribution, serving utensils^ and eating utensils and come in his best beachcomber garb. 9 * * * * * « ♦ * ♦ * * it' ♦ * * * 64 The phone cammittae will be calling thosa mambera not in attandanca. Juna announced that a proposal has been made to the City Council to close Uillage Drive (the street directly in front of the Ceaa Del Prado) to all vehicular traffic. This yould include loading and unloading, A motion was made that the Club as a group protest the proposal and that the Executive Board write a letter to the City Council on this matter. The motion was seconded and passed^ CHANGES OF ADDRESS RILEY, Jacki & Ken c/a Zapata Marine Service Zapata Towers, ^ox, 4240 Houston, Tex, 77001 bJ,A. SHELL CLUB /□ Mollusc Dep,, liJ.A, Museum Francis Street Perth, 6000, Uestern Australis SPECIAL ISSUE THIS OCTOBER The FESTIV/US* •pscial issue entitled, "Muricacea;^ Catalogue of the Family Coralliophilidae, ” by Anthony D'Attilio will be published next month, Mr» D'Attilio, co-author of "Murex Sheila of the World," and assistant to the curator of Marine Invertebrates at the San Diego Natural History Museum, has prepared a complete catalogue "of all taxa proposed for the family, specific and supraspecif ic» The list is complete as far as my research has shown," This catalogue of over tuenty-flve pages uill comprise the entire issue with the exception of a first page of necessary Club information. The FESTIUUS will make copies available to non-members and/or additional copies to members at $2,0Q a copy. AT TOURMALINE CANYON SURFING BEACH - September 1978 By CAROLE M. HERTZ Jules and I went to Tourmaline Canyon Surfing Beach in Pacific Beach, San Diego during the Labor Day weekend. This beach is a frequent stop for us since the kelp which we need for our aquarium can always be found freshly washed in. For many mi nths the beach had been almost all large rocks and cobbles, many covered with algae and hydroids, from the parkihg lot to the water's edge. From the parking lot north to Archer Street, the beach has been a combination of cobbles and calf -deep, rotting kelp. All this changed suddenly. The cobbles have almost disappeared, except fdr a thin line abutting the high, sandstone cliffs. The rotting piles of kelp have disappeared as well. Instead, there is a hard sand beach with deeply imbedded rocks at the low tide line and below. The usual high tide- pool areas - where we've found uncommon Calliostoma (dead) washed in have disappeared at least for the present. Perhaps the recent storm activity has caused this dramatic change. However, the area is not devoid of interest, Tidepools are still in evidence but in deeper water and Ihe fresh kelp and surf grass continues to wash in, Walking along the now sandy beach we found some shells (dead) not commonly found in this area, Jules' find of the weekend was an Dpalia wroblewskii (Morch, 1876), Not only had we never found it before but we had none in our collection. Also found were large (appro*. 22 mm, ) of Epitonium indianorum (Carpenter, 1864). Dentalium neohexaqonum Pilsbry & Sharp, 1897 were washed up in quantity and one Calliostoma qemmulatum Carpenter, 1864 was also found as well as a Turbonilla which we have not yet identified. 65 MINUTE SHCLLS By JUtES HERTZ The species featured this month were found in Newport Bay, Co,, and were collected in the early IBQO'a* They are not pictured in McLean and not normally collected in San Diego* The species on the left is from the Family Acteocinidae, Genua Acteocine Gray, 18A7, The species is identified as Acteocine magdalenensis Dali, 1919 whose range is listed in Oldroyd as Bouthern California to Magdalena Bay, Lower California. It was earlier called Acteociny infrequene Carpenter, not of C.B. Adams* A* imagdaleneneis differs in shape from the more common Acteocina inculta GoUld, 185^ which is commonly found in Morro Bgy, Ca* and whose range is from Monterey, Ca, to the Gulf of California. Besides the difference in body shape, the magdalenensis has a narrow aperture and a straight outer lip which rounds below into the thickened pillar which has a strong plait and a groove behind it. The species on the right is from the Family Pyramidellidae, Genus Turbonllla Risao, 1826. The species is identified as Turbonilla tridentate Carpenter, 1865. The range is reported in Oldroyd as Monterey to San Diego, Ca* The specimen pictured below varied in color from light tan at the spex Acteocina magdalenensis Dali, 1919 Length; Approx, 5 mm Turbonilla tridentata Carpenter, 1865 Length; Approx: 8,5 mm McLean, J.H., Marine Shells of Southern California, 1978, Oldroyd, I*S., The Marine Shells of the West Coast of North America, vol, 11* parts 1 & 2, 1927* 66 COLLECTING IN PLAYA DE SANTIAGO By CAROLE M. HERTZ ; During the Christmas vacation this past year, our family spent tujo delightful weeks traveling in Mexico^ First we visited some of the Mayen ruins in Yucatan, surely an area of wonder. Here the modern-day viewer is humbled before the awesome accomplishments of an earlier people, Ue then flew to Manzanillo in Colima and basked in the sun and sea for five days at Playa de Santiago, a lovely spot Just about seven miles north of Manzanillo, For us this was a fortuitous choice since a small, man-made jetty at the southern end of the hotel beach (Hotel Playa Santiago) formed a protected cove, ideal for the average swimmer or novice snorkeler. Colorful tropical fish abounded here, the Jetty providing sanctuary for them while protecting the swimmer from the strong currents prevalent in the area, Varieties of pufferfish, triggerfish, butterflyf ish, pipefish, porcupinef ish were our everyday companions in the warm waters off Playa de Santiago. Although this was a popular beach area, a considerable variety of mollusks were found here either by shore collecting or snorkeling to a depth of twenty feet* A listing of those species found follows. 1829) Juv* 1847) 1846) 1851) 1850) Fjssurella decemcostata McLean, 1970 Fissurella qemmata Menke, 1847 ^ issurella niqrocincta Carp, 1856 Ancistromesus mexicanus^ (Brod.&Sow, , Acmaea sp. [iolisBlla mitella (Menke, Colisella pediculus (Phil*, 5curria~~mesoleucB (Menke. Tequla liqulata (Menke, Astraea (Uvanilla) unguis (Wood, 1828) Littorina aspera Philippi, 1846 Calyptraea (Ti^hita) spirata (Forbes, Crucibulum cyclopium Berry, 1969 tjymatium liqnarium (Brod. 1833) dead Muricanthus princeps Brod,., 1833 Neorapana muricata Brod, 1832 Thais speciosa (Walenciennes, 1832) Thais triangularis (^lainville, 1832) Cantharus sanguinolentusi^Puclos, 1833) Uasum caestus (Brod,, 1833) Oliva Julieta Duclos, 1835 □livella sp, Dlivella undatella Lamarck, 1810 Agaronia testacea Lamarck, 1811 T erebra sp. Conus nux Broderip, 1833 Conus purpurascens Sowerby, 1833 Slphonaria maura Sowerby, 1835 Siphonaria sp, Chaetopleura lurida (Sow, 1832) Chiton albolineatus Brod, & Sou,, 1829 t^hiton articulatus Sowerby, 1832 1852) Choromytilus palliopunctatus (Carp, , 1857)] Trachycardium procerum (Sow,, 1833) deed Donax contusus Reeve, 1854 dead i Pitar lupanarla (Lesson, 1830) Chione subimbricata (Sowerby, 1835) THE FBSTIUUS NEEDS YOUR ARTICLES!! DON'T YOU BELIEV/E IT By TUILA BRATCHER If anyone says that night collecting during a full moon is poor, don't you believe it I That person has not dived at Bonigi on Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands, In calm water with no current, we reached the bottom be- low the Coralita at 35 feet. I had not been there two minutes before picking up a beautiful Conus aculeiformis Reeve, and from then on the en- tire dive was pure excitement. The bottom was dark sand mixed with silt which remained suspended a while when stirred up by fins or by picking up a shell. Swimming a few feet put one once again into clear water, liie swam down the slope to 100 feet and then turned back to 70 feet, where we remained for 35 minutes before slowly returning to the place we had enter- ed, collecting all the way. After separating from the others at 100 feet, my sister, Billee, and I saw a pair of lights in the distance only ones. Therefore we were sur- prised when all five divers converged below the Goralita at the same time. As we neared that area I looked up to see if the light from the Coralita was visible, I could see it directly above me. Then after swimming about 50 yards, it was still above me. I realized then that it was the brilliant moon I was seeing instead of the light from the Coralita, In spite of the bright moonlight, collecting at all depths, ffipecielly between 35 and 70 feet, was like a supermarket. Everything was out mocm- bathing on top of the sand. One never expects to see Cypraea crawling in the open, but on dark sand around Guadalcanal, we have observed this on several occasions. That night we collected: Cypraea breqriana Crosse, C. eburnea Crosse, C, labrolineata Gaskoinj Conus aculeiformis Reeve, C. coTlusus Reeve, C eburneuB Wwass, £• f lavidus Lamarck, C, qeneralis Linnaeus, £, mucronatus Reeve, C, qchroleucus Gmelin, C. pilkyi Petuch, C, pulicarius Hwass, C, querclnuB Solander; Nassarius comptus A, Adams, PJ, concinnua Powys, N, livBscens Philippi, N. splendidulous Dunker; Nassaria acuminata Reeve (This is a buccinio,)^ Architectonica perspectiva Linnaeus; Oliva vidua Roeding, 0, carneola Gmelin; Rimella cancellata Linnaeus; Strombus minimus Linnaeus, S, luhuanua Linnaeus; Neocancilla clathrus Gmelin, N, qranatina Lamarck; Cancilla interllrata Reeve, C, praestantlssima Roeding, V/exillum (Cpstellaria) Bxagperatum Gmelin, U, coronatum Helbling; Natica qualtieriana Recluz, N. yitellus Linnaeus; Phalium glaucum Linnaeus; Bursa marqaritula Deshayes; Gyrineum bibubercularis Lamarck; Terebeljum terebellum Linnaeus: Atys naucum Linnaeus; Peristernia nassatula Lamarck; Terebra colmHellaris Hinds, T. dimidiata Linnaeus, j[, maculata Linnaeus, T_, parkinsoni Cernohorsky 8 Bratcher Dentalium elephantinum Linnaeus; Cerithium (2 sp.); Tequla (1 sp.); T urritella (1 sp. ); Turrid (1 sp.Ti ' Ide admired a number of beautiful animals crawling over the sand, so pretty we had to stop and watch them. There were two species of Natica. Cassis qlaucum Linnaeus, and two species of nudibranchs, one of which looked like black velvet trimmed with neon blue. It undulated over the sand. I photographed one of the Natica and the nudibranch the next morning. With the water clear, calm, and a warm 86°, the bright moonlight, and the bountiful collecting of many species I had never before taken, I believe it was the most exciting dive I ever made. THE FESTIVUS NEEDS YOUR ARTICLES!! tf^e/zsT^Te !» § ?) 0i •H t» 7^) 03 p UP ^L(PAr o p $ /^yr}^ '< *««««*«««»»«**»* 68 ^KiSrUiv i^r iMw;,LUi>KS SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB FOUNDED 1961 • INCORPORATED 1968 MEETS THIRD THURSDAY CASA DEL PRADO BALBOA PARK ROOM IDL 7;30 P.M, President: aJune King Wice President; Philip Faulconer Recording Secretary: .Walter Robertson Corresponding Secretary :, .Sandy Seckington Treasurer:... .Bob Schoening Editor: Carole M, Hertz ANNUAL DUES: Payable to San Diego Shall Club, Inc. Single membership $3.00; Family membership $4.00; Overseas surface $3.50; Student membership $2.00. CLUB ADDRESS: Address all correspondence to San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3863 Mt. Blackburn Avo., San Diego, Ca, 92111. Vol. X October 1978 No. 10 * PROGRAM: Dr. Heps Bertsch, Curator of Marine Invertebrates at the ♦ San Diego Museum of Natural History will be our speaker. ♦ $ Date: October 19. Time: 7:30 P.M. Place: Rm. 104, * SAVE THE DATE! The Christmas Party will be on December 9, 1978 and * will be held at the Cafe Del Rey Moro. Details later, * NOTICE The San Diego Museum of Natural History has had to rid its "attic” of discards and non-collection material to comply with fire safety regulations. The Club has offered to sell these marine specimen_discards by silent auction at its regular meetings and share equally with the Museum the proceeds from their sale, thus benefitting both the Club and the Museun, Corals, spSnges and shells will be at auction each meeting. The shells are unsorted, unnamed and without data. The corals rqnge from magnificent decorative specimens to small pieces suitable for aquarium use. Minimum bids will be placed on some of the exceptional pieces. Members and guests are invited to participate. However, the material will be available only at meetings. W' ' ‘1 I 'i • Oi. • ■V,--- >• ■■■• " .. ; v.:# ■ •-'■■.I ' ■ uA, .. , .*jV n, .' ■ . w.->' *V- •**^. ' ■■■ \fVf" • .^ , ^ r*,. 1 -v: W 4 ^ ^ ■ i ^'i Ym' m%> !'• 2(\W>nJW ■iH' ;;!*■■:£ .‘ iV’; .f ; ;,• ;•- yr, ■iilt,;' >4.;^’''r':’" ■ Afc r ■ -i| «'■■:... ■ -vA'SstSgjss^;^^ .. "i ■■• '•'/;!' ■ 'Is;:'' • ■'* ■ ■ ■’'• ;k . ■■ V ' " ';v':', ’i"' ?;»feK„ m , 'i ,'V: ’;... ^ ’ ^‘ * #''■ “ ’ •» *l--'' , ■ .“ : ‘ '■ ■ i w. '■ > ‘•*>;=' ft '■ ■■ ' '.' ' ;■ ,: .^f .' ^ , jS5? VJl - ", , ..U .■ Sftp. .ViAift. r- #' >, ?T*" .vip V '■ £-| V. ■' ’ ■ • V‘'i ■> ,■ < ^5' ^ ' ’ ;■" ^ V ^ flif . V > ' .', ’. ••,» Viv ..'t'’«' ■ '- ;.Sv4^ -■■ ^ ■^ r -v- -i ■j^*'*‘- <-j -■„' '' ’'■• '^- ■/ ''A, ^’v ^.^•"■■|‘ ..•. : t? ■ ”•. T ■ . '^' ' 'ii* - :■..' •'■i > '' ’At" ■ • A (! ■ ' .' ''• . f;v,. ^) ■ .. 8'i ^'’’"''''-,'V|'| '.< jil*'.'! V>; ,^A.",''t'i superfamily: MURICACEA A Catalogue of COR ALLI OPHILI DAE ANTHONY D'ATTILIO SAN DIEGO NATURAL H I STORY SOCI ET Y LATIAXIS DIADEMA A. ADAMS ... jEsmjs Vol. X No. 10 October 1918 SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB MURICACEA CATALOGUE OF THE FAMILY CORALLIOPHILIDAE AimiONY D'ATTILIO San Diego Hatural History Museum INTRODUCTION The following catalogue consists of all taxa proposed for the family, specific and supraspecific. The list of nominal species is complete as far as my research has shown. Unless otherwise cited with the notation "not seen", references are primary. In order to keep the catalogue as objective as possible, the original orthography has been retained. Mostly due to the polymorphic nature of species characters, I have not reassigned species or indicated synonyms. Dates of the publication of proposed family names reveal that "Coral 1 iophi 1 idae" is the oldest. There are more than 20 genera in the literature listed herein witii their respective types. The characteristic sculpture of the majority of species in the family is the fine or coarse spiral cording on what is usually a spindle-shaped shell. Cords and interspaces are crossed by growth striae elevated into prominence as lamellae. The lamellae over the cords frequently develop into a scabrous surface and often further into vaulted scales. The spiny, scaly processes are frequently present, either alone on the shoulder carina or also on the shoulder or the whorls. Lirae may be present within the aperture. The anal sulcus is not very distinguished. The canal is open and variable in length. If present, the operculum is thin and ocenebrine in form. When dried and after separation from the soft parts, it is often sharply folded at mid- length. The shells are generally white; however, either the body or the body and the spines sometimes are tinted with shades of orange, yellow, pink, or violet. The aperture in some species is richly violet. The protoconch may be variably smooth for about one and one-half whorls, or for three to four angled wfiorls it may have fine transverse lamellae (D'Attilio 1 972). There is no radula according to all investigators. Feeding presumably is by suc- torial means. A few forms are found living within soft or stony corals (Magi 1 us). Another small group (Rhizochil us) attacli themselves permanently to the host by means of spiny extensions originating from the margin of the aperture. In addition to feeding on corals, certain species feed on various other coelen- terates. The feeding habit of the Coral 1 iophil idae is for the most part poorly known, except for the few species which can be observed in intertidal areas. Most coral 1 iophil ids are tropical. Tneir distribution extends from the intertidal zone to depths of more tlian a thousand fathoms. Deep water specimens were obtained by the U.S.S. Albatross off the Celebes and Leyte islands in the Philippines. Larval development has not been extensively studied. Many similar species are widely distributed over both the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific indicating a dispersal by means of free swimming veligers, probably in the plankton. The fossil record of the Coral 1 iophil idae extends to the Upper Cretaceous (Sohl e^. ^. , 1964)i although the present catalogue contains only Recent species. FAMILY NAME Family: CORALLIOPHILIDAE Hoyle, 1888 Zoological Record, 1888, The Mollusca, Vol, XXU, p, 71, Family: MABILI0AE Thiele, 1929 see: Thiele, J,, Handbuch der Systematischen Ueichtierkunde 1, (1-778) Family: RAPIDAE Barnard, 1959 Contributions to the knowledge of South Arrican marine mollusca Part 2, Gastropoda: Prosobrsnchiata : Rachiglossa vol, XLU, 238 pages, 52 text figures, (p, 185) GENERIC CATALOGUE Coral liophilidae A Catalogue of Nominal Genera BABELOMUREX Coen, 1922. Type species: Fusus babelis Requien, 1848, Cat. des coquilles de I'ile de Corse, pt. 49, p. 76, sp, 549. (D.D.) BULBUS Hermannsen, 1848. Type species: Bulla rapa Linne, 1767, Indicis Generum Malacolozoorum 1:1- 637 (p. 135) CORALLIOBIA Adams, H.&A,, 1853. Type species: Leptoconchus (Coralliobia ) f imbriata H.&A, Adams, 1853 (nomen nudum) (sConcholepas (Coralliobia) f Imbriata A, Adams, 1854) Proc* Zool, Soc, London 19: 93'I TmI CORALLIOFUSUS Huroda, 1953. Type species: Coralliof usus acus Huroda, 1953, Venus 17: (3), 119-120, figs, 3-4, (O.dTI CORALLIOPHILA Adams, H. & A,, 1853. Type species: Murex neritoideus Chemnitz (non-binomial) ( «Fusus neritoideus Lamarck, 1816), Neues Systemat isches Conchylien-Cabinet 10: 280, pi, 165, figs. 1577, 1578. (S.D. Iredale, 1912) EMDZAMIA Iredale, 1929. Type species: Murex licinus Hedley & Petterd, 1906, Mollusca from 300 fathoms off Sydney, Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 6: 219, pi. 37, fig.S . (O.D.) FUSDMUREX Coen, 1922. Type species: Purpura alucoides Blainville, 1829, Fauna francaise ou histoire & naturelle. . . .Mollusques, p, 128, pi, 5B, fig, 1, (O.D.) GENHAIMUREX Huroda, 1953. (not Coralliophilidae) Type species: Coralliophila (Genkaimurex) varlcosa Huroda, 1953 ( = Murex f imbriatulum A, Adams, 1863) Venus 17f(!3) 120-121, (O.D.) The possession of a closed Canal and radula indicates a placement not in Coralliophilidae. For figure of radula see: Matsukuma, A,, 1977, Notes on Genkaimurex varicose (Huroda, 1953) Venus, 36(2): 81-87, text figs, 1,2, pi, 1, figs, 1-5. 71 HIRTOMUREX Cgen, 1922. Type species: Gpralliophlla (Hlrtomurex) lamellcsa (Philippi , 183^ Enum, Moll, Sicil. vol, 1, pp» 1-267, pis, 1-12, Tp. 204, pi, 11, fig. 30) (Q.D.) LAMELtATIAXIS Habe & hosuge, 1970. Type species: Latiaxls (Lamellatiaxis ) marumal Habe & Kosuge, 1970. / Uenus 2/f(4): 182. (M) LATIAXIS Swainson, 1840. Type species: Pyrula mauae "Gray” Griffith & PidgePPy 1834, (in Cuvier, Regne Animal) Molluscs & Radiate, p. 599, pi, 25, figs. 3,4. (M) LATIMUREX Coen, 1922. Type species: Cnrall innhila (Latimurex) meyendorff ij (Calcars ,1845/. Cenno. Moll, ^iv. e fossil! di "Sicilia, (p. 33, pi. 4, fig. 22) (O.D.) LEPADOMUREX Coen, 1922. Type species: Coralliophila (Lepadomurex) brevis (Blainville , 1832^ Disposition methodique des especes Recentes et fossiles des genres Pourpres, Ricinule, Licorne et *^oncholepas de M, de Lamarck, Nouvelle Ann, du Mus, 1: 189-263, pis. 9-12, ( p, 283, pi, 11, fig, 10) LEPTDCLjIMCHUS Huppell, 1834. Type species: Leptoconchus peroni Lamarck, 1818, Hist, Nat. Anim, s, Uert. 5:. 374, MAGILDPSIS Souierby, 1919. Type species: Leptoconchus lamarckii Deshayes, 1863, Cat, Moll, Conchyl. I'ile de la Reunion (Bourbon), p, 127, pi, 12, figs. 1-3. (O.D.) MAGILUS Montfort, 1810. Type species: Maqilus antiques Montfort, 1810, Conchyliologie systematiquB, et classification methodique des coquilles, Paris, 2: 42, (M) MIPUS de Gregorio, 1885, Type species: T rophon qyratum Hinds, 1844, May, H.M.S. Sulphur, Zoology, 2i 14, pi, 1, figs. 14-15. (O.D.) □ RAIMIA Pallary, 1900. Type species: Pseudomurex spadae Libassi, 1859, Att, Acad. Palermo, 3: 43, fig. 29. (O.D.) PSEUDOMUREX Monterosato, 1872, Type species: Murex bracteata Brocchi, 1814, Moll. Foss. Subapp,, p. 409, pi, 9, fig. 3. TUTdI) qUOYULA Iredale, 1912. Type species: Purpura monodonta Quay & Gaimard, 1833, ^oy. Astrolabe, Zoology: 2, p. 561, pi, 37, figs, 9, 11. (OwO,) RAPA "Klein" Bruguiere, 1792, Type species: Bulla rapa (Linne, 1767). (Murex rapa Linne, 1758), Syst, Mat, Ed, 12, p. 1184, no, 384, (S.D. Hermannsen, 1848) See Dodge, H., 1955 A historical revieu of the mollusks of Linne, part 3, the genera Bulla and ^oluta of the class gastropoda, p, 34 as to the equivocal validity of this type designation RAPA Roeding, 1798, Type species: Rapa raphanus Roeding, 1798, Museum Boltenianum. 72 RAPELLA Swainson, 184Q. Type species: Pyrula papyracea Lamarck, 1816» Tab* Ency. Meth, pi, 436, fig, 1, Lists, 1799, p, 8, RHIZOCHILUS Steenstrup,. 1850, Type species: Rhtzochilus antipathum Steenstrup, 1850, Overs, Danske Uidensk* Selsk, Forh, 1850: 75, (M) RHDMBOTHAIS bJoolacatt, 1954. Type species: Rhombothais arbutum Woolacctt, 1954,. Proc, Roy, Soc, Zool, New South liJales 1952-53: 38, pi, 3, figs, 1-2, (D,D,) TARANTELLAXIS Habe, 1970, Type species: Latiaxis (Tarantellaxis) kuroharai Habe, 1970, V/enus 29 (3); 85, (D.D.) TOLEMA IredalB, 1929. Type species: Purpura sertata Hedley, 1903, (Thaididas) Note: Although not a valid designation as originally proposed, later placed on the accepted list of generic taxa in Coralliophilidae by the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature with: Type species: Tplema australis Laseron, 1955, The genua Tolema and its allies. The Marine Zoologist 1(3): 70-74, pi, 1, figs. 1,2. (O.D.) A CATALOGUE OF NOMINAL SPECIES abbreviata Lamarck, 1816, Pyrula 1616, Lamarck, J.B.P.A,, Tableau encyclop^diqua et methodiquB des trois regn^s de la nature, Paris, pis. 391-488 & List® des objets rapresentes, pp^ 1-16. (pl,436, figs.2a,2b), aberrans Adams, C,B,, 1850. Purpura 1850, Adams, C,B,, Descriptions of supposed new species of marina shells which inhabit Jamaica. Contributions to ^onchology 4: 58-59, acus Kuroda, 1953, Coralliofusus 1953, Kuroda, T«, New genera and species of Japanese Rapidaa, \/enus 17(3): 119-20, text figs, 3,4. Off Toss, Japan, aedoniua tilatson, 1886, Mursx (t^seudomurex) 1886, Watson, R,B,,Report on the Scaphopoda and Gastropoda collected by ' H.M.S, Challenger during the years 1873-76, Challenger Expedition, Zoology, 15(42): v & 756 ppi, pis. 1-50. (p. 161, pi, 17, fig. 5). Tristan da Cunha Is. (Nightingale Is.) 100-150 fms, akibuml Kira, 1962, Coralliobia 1962, Kira, T,, Shells of the western Pacific in Color, 224 pp, pis,. 1-72, (p. 68, pl.26, fig, 3). Central Honshu and Shikoku Ids,, Japan, on sandy and shelly bottoms of 50-200 meters depth. alboanqulata Smith, E.A., 1890, Mur«x (Oclnebra) 1890, Smith, E.A., Report on the marine molluscan fauna of the island of St,. Helena, Proc, ZooL, Soc, Lpndon 1890: 247-317, pla. 22-24, (p. 259, pi. 21, fig, 7) aluPoides Blainville, 1828-30, Murex 1828-30, Slainville, H.M,D. da, Faune francaise ou histoire naturella, generals, et particuliere des animaux qul retrouve en France, Mollusques 320 PPL, pis. 1-42. (p. 128, pi. 5B, fig.l) Da La Mediterrapee, sur les cotes de la Provence, amaliae Kobelt, 1907, Pseudomurex 1907, Kobelt, UJ,, ^iagnosen neuer arten, IMachr. Deutsch, Malak, Gesell 39; 167-69, (168-69) amirantensis Smith, 1884, goralliophlla (fig. leg, spelling) (amirantium - text spelling; p 487) 1884, Smith, E.A., Report on the Zooleglcal ^-ollections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of HMS Alert, 1881-82, pfx 1-684, pis, 1-52, (p. 494, pi. 44, fig.m) Amirantes Ids,, 10-17 fms., 11)6 mm. x 6)4 mm. andamana Melvill, 1889, Coralliophila 1889. Melvill, J.C., Descriptions of three neui species of shells. Jour, Conch, 6; 31, pi. 2, fig 1, "Ad Insulas Andamanensis ” antlquua Montfort, 1810, Maqilua 1810. Montfort, P,D, dc, Conchyliologie Syatematique, Vol 2, 676pp. (42-44, pi. 11) antipathum Steenstrup, 1850, Rhlzochilus 1850, Steenstrup, J,J., New genus and new species, Oversigt over Det, Kgl, Danske Oidenskab^rnes Selskabs (586) pp. 75-76 arablca Melvill, 1898, Coralliophila 1896, Melvill, J.C., A brief bibliographical resume of the Erythraean molluscan fauna, with descriptions of sixteen species from Aden, Ann, Mag, Nat, Hist. (7)1:194-206, pi. 12/p. 199, pi. 12, fig. 3) arbutum Woolacott, 1954. Rhombothaia 1954, Woolacott, L,, New ^ells from New South Wales 1952-53: 1954 38, pl3, figs. 1-2. (pp. 37-39, 1 pi.) * armatus Sowerby, G.B. Ill, 1912, Latiaxla 1912, Sowerby, G.B, III, Descriptions of a new species of Volute. Lati^^, and Calliostoma from Japan. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. TEWT’ 4^1-473, 3 figs. ^p.471, fig. 3) aaper Adoma, A,, 1854. Rhizochilua 1854, Adams, A,, Descriptlone of thirty-nlrte new species of shells from the collection of H, illuming, Proc, Zool, Soc, London 22* 130-38 (p. 137, pi. 4) Gulf of California BsperriHia Adams, H, & A., 1863. Coralliophila 1863, Adams, H. & A,, Descriptions of new from the Cumingian Collection. Proc. Zool. ^♦35. (431) species of shells chiefly Soc. London 1863: 428- atlantica Smith, 1890. Coralliophlla 1890. Smith, E.A., Report on the marine molluacan fauna of the island of Bt. Helena* Proc. Zool. London 1890: 247-316, pis. 21-24. (p, 264, pi. 23, fig. 8) australis Laaeron, 1955. Tolenia 1955, Laseron, C.F., The genua Tolema and its allies. The Marins Zoologist 1(3): 70-74, pl.l, figs. 1-2, off Sydney, Australia in 110 fathoms. babelis Requien, 1848, Fusus 1848* Requien, E,, Catalogue des coquilles de J.*Ile de Corse, i-xii & 13-111. (p. 76, sp, 549) Bonifacio in madreporia barclsyana Adams, H,, 1873, Coralliophlla 1873, Adams, H., Descriptions of seventeen neu species of land and marine shells, Proc, Zool, Soc. London 1873: 205-209, pi. 23. (p. 205, pl.23, fig.l) Mauritius basileus Dautzengerg & Fischer, 1896, Pseudomurey 1896* Dautzenberg, P. & Fischer, P,, Dragages effectuaa par L*Hirondelle et par La Princesse Alice. Mem. Sqc, Zool, Francais 9: 395-498, pis. 15-22* (pp. 440-441, pi. 18, fig. 3) Azores benoitii Tlberi, 1855. Mursx 1855, Tiberi, W*, Descrizione di alcuni nuovi testacei vivanti nsl Mediterranso, 16 pp^ pl-2, figs. 10-12 see also - 1857. Fischer, P,, Jour, ds Conchyl, 6:291 (not seen) borbonica Maravigna, 1842, Pyrula 1842, Maravigna, C., Oescrlzicne di una nuova specie ds conchlglis Sicilians vivents. Atti del Academia Gioenla 18; 88-91, 2 figs, (91) bracteatus var. minor Pkintersaato, 1875. Pseudomursx.r nomsn nudum 1875* Monterosato, Marcheae di, IMuova Psvlsta dells conchlglis Msdit, Atti Dell Academia Palermitana 5, 1-50, (p. 40). braztsri Smiith, E.A., 1876. Fuaus H76, Smith, E.A., A list of marine shells principally from the Solomon Ids, uith descriptions of several new species. Jour, of the Linn. Soc* 12; 535-562, pi. 30 .(pp. 539-540, pi. 30, fig. 16). brevis Blainville, 1832, Purpura 1832. Blainville, H.M.D., disposition methodlque des sspeces Rscentss et fosslles des genres Pourprss, Rlclnule, Llcorne et Concholepas de M* de Lamarck* IMouvelles Ann, du Mus* 1: 189-263. (p.233, pi. 11, fig. 10) Mediterranean coast of Sicily brevis Forbes, 1843, Murex 1843* Forbes, E,., Report on the Mollusca and Radiata of the Aegean Sea* Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. London, 130-193.(190). Paros, Crete 75 bulblforwla Conrad, 1837, Purpura 1037, Conrad, T,A,, Description of new marine shells from Upper California collected by Thomas Muttall, Jour, Acad, Mat, Sci, Phila, 7: 227-260, pis. 17-20, (pp. 266-267, pi. 20, fig. 23) Sanduiich Islands (Hawaiian Ids,) bulblformis Sowerby, 1070, Rapa 1070, Sowerby, G.B,, Description of forty-eight new species of shells, Proc, Zool, Soc, London 249-259, pis, 213-22, (252) Tongataboo, Friendly Islands calif ornica Adams, A,, 1055, Rhizochilus 1055, Adams, A,, Descriptions of two new genera and several new species of Molluscs from the collection of Hugh Cuming, Proc. Zool. Sqc, London 1055: 121, (sp, 7), Gulf of California cancellata Pease, 1060, Coralliobia 1060 , Pease, U.H., Description of seventeen new species of marine shells from the Sandwich Islands in the collection of H, Cuming, Proc, Zool, Soc. London 1060; 397-400. (399) cantralnei Montrouzier Souverbie, 1061, Purpura 1061, Montrouzier, R.P,, STosiverbie, M, , ^escriptiona d’especes nouvelle de I’archipel Caledonien, Jour, de Conchyl, 9: 271-204, pi. 11. (pp. 282-203, pi. 11, fig. 11) capensls Tomlin, 1920, Latlaxls 1920, Tomlin, J.R. la B,, Marine Molluscs in the collections of the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Mus, 25(2); 313- 335, pis, 25-26, (p. 332, pi. 26, fig. 3) Sandy Point, 95 fathoms car ib age Abbott, 1950, Coralliophila 1950, Abbott, R,T,, The Marine Mollusks of Grand Cayman Island, British West Indies, Monographs of the Acad, Mat, Sci, Phila, Mo, 11, 130 pp., pis. 1-5, (pp. 66-67, text fig. 3, pi. 1, figs, g,h) carinif eroides Shikama, 1966, Latiaxls (Beberomurex) sic 1966, Shikama, T,, On some new Latiaxis and i^oralliophila in Japan, Uenus 25(1); 21-25, pis, 1,2, (pp, 23-24, pi, 1, figs, 7,8) Mada, li^akayama, Japan - shrimp net in 50 fathoms carinif erus Somerby, 1034, Fusus 1034, Sowerby, G,B., The Conchological Illustrations, fig, 58. 1939, Laurent, P^, Une Collection de coquillee recueillis a Gouraya (Dep't, d*Algiers) pendant I'hiver 1936-37, J, de Conchyl, 03: 310-326, text fig. 1. cariniferus Kiener, 1843, Murex 1043, Kiener, L,C., Icon, Coq, \/iu, ... Murex vol, 7, 130 pp,, pis. 1 -47, (pp, 100-101, pl,10, fig, 2) not Fusus cariniferus Sowerby, 1834, Conch,. Illus, fig, 50, see also Murex kieneri Hidalgo, 1904-5, nom. nov. for _M, cariniferus Kiener, 1043, non Sowerby, 1034, cereua Smith, 1004, Fusus 1004, Smith, E,A,, Report of the Zoological collections made in the Indo-Pacific Oceans during the voyage of H.M.S. Alert 1001-1002, pp. 604, pis, 144 (pi, 5, fig. D, 46-47). (Aaelgned to Doralliophila by E.A, imlth, 1007), clathrata Adams, A., 185A*. Rapans (Rhizochilua ) 1854 Adams, A,, ^eacrlptlons of new spaciaa of Seitiala, Rhlzochllua. Plotla. Tiara. In the Cumingian Collection, Proc, Zoot, Soc. London 21(1853): 94-99. (ap. 23, p. 97) Philippines. confraposa Adams, H, & A,, 1863, Coralliophila 1863.. Adams, H, & A,, Descriptions of new species of shells chiefly from the Cumingian Collection, Proc. Zool, Soc, London 1863: 428- 435.. (432) constricta "Koch” Tryon, 1880, Coralliophila 1080, Tryon, G.hl,, Manual of Conchology, vol. 2, Murlcinae and Purpurinae. 289 pp.,, pla, 1-70. (pi, 70, fig. 434) coralliophila Adams, A», 1854, Rapana (Rhizochilus) 1854. Adams, A., Descriptions of new species of SwbbIb, Rhizochilus. Plotia, Tiara in the Cumingian *^ollection, Proc, Zool. Soc, London 1053: 94-99. (sp. 24, p. 90) Isle of Ticao (Philippine Ids.) on the reefs at low water (H.C.) coronata Adams, H,, 1869, Coralliophila 1869.. Adams, H,, Descriptions of a new genus and fourteen new species of marine sheila. Proc, Zool, Soc, London 1869: 272-275, pi, 19, (p, 272, pi, 19, fig, 4) Mauritius costata Blainville, 1832 Purpura 1832. Blainville, H.M.D, , EJisposition methodique des especes Recentes et fossiles des genres Pourpre Ricinule, Licorne, et Concholepas de M, de Lamarck, Nouvelles Annales du Museum 1: 189-263, (p, 231, pi. 11, fig, 8) Coast of Mazatlan (Mexico) costatus Sowerby, 1872, Magilua 1872, Sowerby, G.B., ^ Reeve, L,A , Conch, Icon. 18:. pX. 2,. sp, 5, costularis Lamarck, 1816, Murex 1816, Lamarck, J.B.P.A,, TEjbleau encyclopedigue et methodigue des trois regnss de la nature, pla, 391-488 & lists des objets representss, pp, 1-16, (pi, 419, figs, 8a, b) costularia "Lamarck"" Philippi, 1847, Fusus 1847, Philippi, R.A., Abbild, Beschr, Conch, 2: 1-231, pXs. 1-47. non Murex costularia Lamarck^ 1816 Philippines (Cuming), Java (Winter) couturieri Jouaaeeume, 1898, Latiaxis 1898, Jouasaaume, F,, Description de coquilles nouvelles, Le Naturaliats, ser, 2, 12:22, New Britain crebrilamellosa Sowerby, 1913, Pseudomur^t 1913,- Sowerby, G.B. Ill, Descriptions of eight new marine Gaatropode mostiy from Japan, Ann, Mag, Wat, Hist, (8)11: 557-560, pi, 9, Kii, Japan cuminqil Adems., H, & A,, 1863. Campulotus 1863.. Adams, H>. & A,, Descriptions of new species of shells chiefly from the Cumingian Collection, Proc, Zool, Boc, London 1863: 428-4354(430-43 California cuwlnqll Deshayes, 1063, Leptoconchtwi 1063,. Deshayea, G.P., Catalogue daa Mollusquea - Conchyliologie da I’lle da la Reunion, pp, 1-144, pis, 1-14, (pp, 125-126, pi. 12. figs. 26-27) ' ' curta Souerby, 1094. Coralllophila 1094, Souerby, B.B. Ill, Descriptions of twelve new species, chiefly from Mauritius,. Proc. Malsc, Soc, London 1: 41-44, pi, 4, (p.42, pl» 4 fig, 4) * Mauritius cuapidif era Dali, 1924, Murex (Lanqfordla) 1924, Dali, W.M,, Notes on Molluscan nomenclature, Proc, Biol, Soc, liJash, 37: 07-90, Hawaii cuvleri Deshayes, 1063, Leptoconchus 1063, Deshayes, G.P., Catalogue des moilusques-Conchyliologie de l*Ile de la Reunion, pp, 1-144, pis, 1-14. (pp. 120-129, pi, 13, figs, 6-7) dalli Emerson & D'Attlllo, 1963, Latiaxls (Babelomurex) 1963. Emerson, Ul.K, & D'Attilio, A,, A new species of Latiaxis from the western Atlantic, Amer, Mus, Novitatea no. 2149: 1-9, figs, 1-6. (p, 3, figs. 1-3) deburqhiae Reeve, 1057, Pyrula (iRhizochilus) 1057, Reeve, L.A., Descriptions of seven new shells from the collec- tion of the Hon, Sir David Barclay, of Port Louis, Mauritius, Proc, Zool, Soc, London 1057: 207-210, pis. 37-30, (pi, 30, fig, 3a, b) southern Japan in 20-150 meters deburqhiae "Reeve" Dunker, 1002, Rapana 1002, Dunker, Ul., Index Molluscorun Maris Japonica. 301 pp,, pis, 1- 15, Cp, 43, pi, 1, figs, 5-7) This is not Pyrula deburqhisg Reeve, 1057. deburghiae ’^Reeve" var, fusiformis Dell, 1009, Corelllophile 1089, Dali, y.H,, Report on the Molluscs. II, Gastropoda (Report on dredgings. . .by the U.S. Coast Survey Steamer "Blake") Bull, Mus. Comp, Zool, 10: 1-492, pis. 10-40, (pp, 210-219) deburqhiae "Reeve" var, apinosa Dali, 1009, Coralliophile 1069, Oall, tii.H,, Report on the Molluscs. II. Gastropods (Report on the dredgings. . .by the U.S. Coast Survey Steamer "Blake") Bull. Mue. Comp, Zool. 10: 1-492, pie, 10-40. (pp. 216-219) deburqhiae stenoepinue Kurcda, 1961, Latiaxis 1961, Kurode, T,, A new identification of molluscan species described and figured in "Mokuhechi-Fu," 1043, Uenus 21(4): 365-360, deformie Lamarck, 1622, Pyrule IB22, Lamarck, J.B.P.A,, Histolre Naturelle dee Animaue sans Vf'ertebres 7tl-711, (p, 146) delesaerti "Chenu" Tryon, 1600, Rapena ( l^atiaxia. ) 1660, Tryon, G.li). Jr,, Manual of Conchology vol, 2, Muricinae, Purpurinae; pp, 1-269, pie. 1-70, (p, 203, pi, 64, fig, 346) denaicostaba Shikama, 1963* Cogalllobia 1963.. Shikama, T,, On soma notaworthy marine Gastropoda from south- uBstern Japan,. Sci. Rap, Yokohama Mat. Univ, Sar, 2, 10:61-66, pH, 1, (pp. 62-63, fig. 63) Mass, ^narai-Oshima; Japan diadema Adams, A,, 1854, Murex 1854, Adams, A., Descriptions of neu shells from the collection of H, Cuming, Proc, Zool, See, London 1853: 69-74, (p, 70, sp. ,5) Philippine Islands dissimulans Preston, 1904. Corelliophile 1904. Preston, H.B., Descriptions of some new species of Cingalese and Indian Ocean marine shells. The Jour, of Malacology, 11(4): 75- 78, pis, 6-7. (p, 77, pi, 7, figs. 5-6) Ceylon distana Carpenter, 1857, Rhizochilus nomen nudum 1857.. Carpenter, P,P."J Catalogue of the collection of Mazatlan shells in the British Museum: collecteit! by Frederick Relgen, , .London (British Museum), pp, 1-552. (p,484) diversiformis hiener, 1836, Purpura 1836. Kiener, L.C., Icon, Coq, Viv,, Genre Pourpre (Purpura), pp, 1- 151, pis, 1-46, (p, 77, pi, 19, fig, 57). Figure legend la diversiformis Kiener but changed in text to violacea Kiener, dorbiqnyana Petit, 1851, Trichotropis 1851, Petit, S,, Descriptions de coquilles nouvelles. Jour, de Conchyl, 2: 259-266, pi. 7, (pp. 261-262, pi, 7, fig. 2) dunkeri Kuroda & Habe, 1961, Letiaxis 1961.. Kuroda, T, & Habe, T,, Colored illustrations of the shells of Japan, (Append, p, 20, pi. 28, fig, 4), Mew name for Rapana deburghiae Dunker, 1882, not Reeve, 1857, BChlnatua Aruma, 1960, Latiaxis i960, Azuma, M,, tiatalogue of the shell-bearing Molluscs of Okinashima, Kashiwajima, and the adjacent area (Tosa Province), Shikokum, Japan, pp, 1-102, pis. 1-5 & Index, pp, 1-17, (p, 100, pi, 2, fig, 3) Off Toss (9,E« Japan) in aboQt 100 fathoms, e lab grata Adams, H. & A, 1863, Coralliophila 1863, Adams, H. S A,, Descriptions of new species of shells chiefly from the Cumingian collection, Proc, Zool, Soc, London 1863: 428- 435. (433) elegans Angaa, 1878, Latiaxis 1878, Angas, G.F., Description of a new species of Latiaxis. Proc, Zool, Soc, London 1878: p, 74. (pi, 5, figs, 1-2) ellipticus Sowerby, 1832, Maqilue 1832, Sowerby, GoB,, The Genera of Recent and fossil shells, vol, 1, pi, 238, fig. 1. elstonl Barnard, 1962, Latiaxis j 1962, BarnatJd, K.H., New species and records of South African marine Mollusca from Natal,’ Zululand, and Mocambique, Ann, Natal Mus, 15(19): I 247-254. (248) ' ex plsces TOBUg RcTding, 1796, Cantharua 1798, Roding, P.F,, Museum ^oltenianum, pp, 1-199, (p, 133) erudescens "Dali" Shikama & Horikoghi, 1963, Latlaxls nomen nudum 1963,. Shikama, T, & Horikoahi, M,, Selected shells of the World in Colours,. pp» 1-154, pla, 1-102, (p, 77) erythrostoma Smith, 1890, Coralliophila 1890» Smith, E.A., Report on the marine Molluscan fauna of the island of St, Helena, Proc, Zool, Soc, London 1890: 247-316, pis, 21-24, (p, 264, pi, 23, fig, 7) euqeniae Bernard!, 1653, Pyrula 1853* Bernardi, M,, Description d'une nouvelle espece du genre Pyrula, Jour, de Gonchyl* 4: 305-306, pi* 7, (fig, 1) southeastern Japan to ?Taiwan exaratus Pease, 1860, Rhizochilus 1860, Pease, Itl.H,, Description of seventeen new species of marine shells from the Sandwich Islands in the collection of H, Guming. Proc, Zool, Soc, London I860: 397-400, (399) exfoliatus Sowerby, 1887, Latiaxls 1887, Boujerby, G.B, II, Thesaurus Conchyliorum vol, 5, Genus Latiaxis p, 3, pi. 1, fig, 15. (IMbw name fbT L, paqodus A, Adams, non Jonas, — however, no such name as L. paqodus Jonas, According to Tomlin, 1935 Sowerby meant L, idoleum JonasT expolitus Shikama, 1963, Leptoconchus 1963, Shikama, T,, On some noteworthy marine Gastropoda from southwestern Japan. Sci, Rep. Yokohama IMat, Univ, sar, 2, 10: 61-66, pi, 1. (pp. 63-64, pi. 1, figs. 3-5) Off the coast of Shionomisaki, Wakayama Pref., Japan, fax Bayer, 1971. Coralliophila 1971, Bayer, F.M,, New and unusual mollusks collected by R/\l John Clliott Pillsbury and R/M Gerda in the tropical western Atlantic, Bull Mar. Sci* 21(1): 111-236, figs. 1-72. (pp. 191-192, fig. 50) Straits of Florida, off Settlement Point, Grand Bahama Is, f earnleyi Emerson and D'Attilio, 1965, Latiaxls (Babelomurex ) 1965, Emerson, UJ.K, & D*Attilio, A,, A new Latiaxis from the western Pacific* The Nautilus 78(3): 101-103, pi, lOT (figs, 1-8) Cooktown, Queensland, Australia f iliarBqls Kurohara, 1959, Latiaxls 1959, Kurohara, K. , On Latiaxis filiareqis n.gp, Venus 20(4); 342- 344y text fig, 1, Off Toss, Shikoku Island f irobriata Adams, A,, 1854. Gopcholepaa (Gor alliobia ) 1854, Adams, A,, Descriptions of a new genus, emd of esveral new species of Molluscs from the Gumingian Collection, Proc, Zool, Sew:, London 1652. 20; 92-95, (p. 93) fimbriatulum Adams, A, 1862, Trophon 1862. Adams, A,, On the species of Muricinae found in Japan, Proc, Zool, Soc, London 30; 370-376, (p, 375) Gotto, Japan, 48 fathoms; Kuro-Sima, 55 fathoms finchl Fulton, 1930» Latiaxla 1930. Fulton, H,C,, Description of two new species of Latiaxis. Annals & Mag. Nat, Hist. (10)5: 250-251, figs. 2,2s. Kii, Japan foliacea ^onrad, 1037. Purpura 1837, Conrad, T.A., Descriptions of new marine shells from upper California collected by Thomas Nuttall. Jour. Acad. Nat, Sci, Phile, 7? 227-268, (p. 268, pi 20, fig, 2k) Island of Atooi fortuni Adams, A,, 1054. Rapana (Latiaxis )) 1054, Adams, A*, Descriptions of new species of Sqmele. Rhlzochilus. Plotia. Tiara in the Gumingian Collection. Proc. ZooIU Soc. London 21: .94-99, (sp, 30) China f oveolata Adams, C.B., 1052. Purpura 1052, Adams, C.B., Catalogue of shells collected at Panama... Ann. Lyceum Nat, Hist., New York, pp. 1-324. (p. 76, sp. 70) Panama fraqilus Adams, A,, 1054. Rapana (Rhlzochilus ) 1054. Adams, A,, Descriptions of new species of Semele. Rhlzochilus, Plotia, Tiara in the Cuminqian Collection, Proc. Zool, Soc, London 20: 94-99, (sp. 20) Philippines fraqosa Smith, E.A., 1916. Coralliophila 1916. Smith, E.A., On South African marine mollusca with descriptions of new species, Ann, Natal Museum 2: 175-200, pis. 7-8. (pp, 194-195, pi, 7, fig. 7) Scottburgh, Natal, South Africa fritschi Martens, E, von, 1074, Rapana 1074, Martens, E. von, Ueber einige Sudaf rikanische mollusken. Jehrb, Deutsch Malak, Gessll. 1: 119-146, (pp, 135-136, pi, 6, fig, 3) Falsche Bai (False Bay), South Africa f usiformis Roquan, 1853, Pyrula 1053, Roquan, R, du, Notice sur diverses coquilles classees dans le genera Pyrula. Jour, de Conchyl, 4: 405-409^ (pp, 406-407) Refers to f usiformis Chenu, 1047, a vernacular name (Lecons elementaires, pi. 9, figs. 3, 3a) f usiformis Martens, E, von, 1902, Rapana (Latiaxis) 1902, Martens, E, von, Einige neue Arten von meeresconchylien aus den Sammlungen der Deutschen Tiefses-Expedition, (pp, 96-97, pi, 3, fig. 1) Not Chenu, 1047, not du Roquan, 1053, sudlich von Brauia, 0° 29' S.L., 42° 47' E.L, (Somalia) galea Reeve, 1046, Purpura 1046, Reeve, L.A., Konchologia Iconica^ Purpura, (pi, 12: fig, 65) refers to Murex qalea alba Chemnitz in Conchylien-cabinet 10; 237, pi, 160, figs, 1510, 1519. qarrardi D'Attilio, 1960, Latiaxis ( Pseudomure:^ 1960, D'Attilio, A,, A new species o^ Latiaxis (Gastropods, Magilidas) from Queensland, Australia, Jour, Malac, Soc, Austral, 11: 7-9, pi, 1, Off Cape Moreton, Queensland, Australia (10 mi. N.N.E, ) in 55-50 fmSiX 81. qemmatus Shikama, 1966, Latiaxis (BaberomurB)Qslc, 1966, Shikama, T,, On some new Latlaxia and Coralllophila in Japan. V/enus 25: 21-25, pis, 1-2, (p, 24, pi, 2, figs, 1-6) Dkinoshims, Japan gibbosa Reeve, 1846, Purpura 1646, Reeve, L.A,'J ConchologiB Iconics, Purpura, (pi. 13, sp. 70) globulus "Deshayee" Sowerby, 1872, Maqilus 1872, SoLJsrby, G.B. II ^ Reeve, L.A., Conchologia Iconics, (pi, 3, sp, 10, fig, 10) qravBsii Broderip, 1836, Purpura 1836, Broderip, LJ.J,, Descriptions of some species of shells apparently not hitherto recorded, Proc, Zool. Soc, London 4; 43-45, (p, 44) Mari Mediterraneo qroschi Hilburn, 1977, Coralliophila (Liniaxis) 1977, Kilburn, R,IM,, Taxonomic Studies on the Marine Molluaca of ■outhern Africa and Mozambique Part 1,^ Annals of the Natal Museum vol, 23, Part 1, pp, 173-214, figs, 1-42. (p, 191, figs. 19-20) east of Porta Lunga, Lunga Bay, northern Morambique, in 25 ft qyratua Hinds, 1844, Trophon 1644, Hinds, R.B., Mollusca-Zoology , Voyage of H.M.S, Sulphur, 2 vols. (vol, 2, p, 14, pi. 1, figs, 14-15) Straits of Maccassar, 17 fathoms habul Azuma, 1971 Latiaxie (Lamellatiaxis ) 1971. Azuma, M,, Description of a neu species of the genus Latiaxis from the Kii Peninsula, Honshu, Japan, Uenua 30(2): 61-62, figs, 1-3, off Hirime-Zaki, Kii Peninsula, Honshu, Japan, 45-50 fathoms haujaiensis "Dali” Shikama & Horikoshi, 1963. Latiaxis nomen nudum 1963, Shikama, T, & Horikoshi, M,, Selected shells of the world in colours, 154 pp.,, pis, I-1D2, (p, 77) hayashii Shikama, 1966, Latiaxis (Baberomurex )sic. 1966, Shikama, T,, On some new Latiaxis and Coralliophila in Japan, Uenus 25(1): 21-25, pis. 1-2. (pp. 22-23, pi. 1, figs. 4-6) Dkinoshima, Japan helenae Azuma, 1973 Latiaxis (Babelomurex ) 1973, Azuma, M,, Description of a new species of the genus Latiaxis Swainson, 1840 from the South Mozambique Channel, Indian Ocean. The Ueliger 15(3): 231, fig. 1, 50 miles off Inhaca Is., South Mazambique Channel, 270 fathoms hindaii Carpenter, 1057, Trophon 1857, Carpenter, P.P., Report on the present state of our knowledge with regard to the Mollusca of the west coast of North America, Rep, 26th meeting Brit, Assoc, Adv, Sci, 1856: 159-36B, pis, 6-9. "new name for Trophon muricatus Hinds, 1843, not Montagu, 1803 hirasei Shikama, 1964, Latlaxia (Babelomurex? ) T964, Shikama, T,, Selected shells of the world in coHours. vol, 2, pp. 1-212, pis, 1-70, 243 text figs, (p, 138) 02 idoleum Jonas, 1847, Pyrula 1847, Jonas, J.H., Description of two neu shells, Proc, Zool, Soc. London 1046, 14:120-121, incompta Berry, 1960, Cgralliophila 19^D» Berry, S.S,, (Motices of new eastern Pacific Molliaca - lU, Leaflets in Malacology 1(19): 115-122, (p, 119) incurvus bunker, 1852, Bulbus 1052, Dunker, U,, Diagnoses molluscorum novorum. Zeit, f, Malacozool, 1852: 125-128, (p, 126) iodica Smith, E.A., 1099, Coralliophila 1899, Smith, E,A,, On Molluscs from the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea, Ann, Mag, IMat, Hist, 22: 237-251, (pp, 244-245) off South India, 430 fathoms inf lata Dunker, 1847, Fusus 1047, Dunker, til, in Philippi, R.A,, Abbild, Beschr, Conch, vol, 2, pp, 1-231, pis. 1-47, (p, 193, pi, 4, fig, 2) Java isoceles Barnard, 1959, Coralliophila | 1959, Barnard, K.H.,* Contributions to the knowledge of South African | marine Mollusca, Ann, S, African Mus, 45: 1^237, figs, 1-52, (pp, 191- I 192, fig, 39a) | off Port Alfred, South Africa in 66 fathoms | .japonlca Dunker, 1882, Rapana I 1802, Dunker, bJ,, Index molluscorum maris Japonicua, pp, 1-301, 1 pis, 1-16, (p, 43, pi, 13, figs. 24-25) sandy bottom, 30-200 meters (fide Huroda & Habe, 1971) 1arli Knudsen, 1956. Coralliophila 1956» Knudsen, J,, Marine prosobranchs of tropical West Africa (Stenoglossa), Atlantide Report no, 4, pp, 8-110, pis, 1-4, (pp, 27- 28, pi, 3, fig, 16) Sierra Leone to Angola ■1eff revsi Smith, E.J^,, 1879,. Cojaxuophlla 1079» Smith, E,A,, On a collection of Mollusca from Japan, Proc, Zool, ^oc», London 1879: 181-218, pis, 19-20, (p, 213, pi, 20, fig, 40) .jeff reysi var, hiradoensis Pilsbry, 1904, Coralliophila 1904, Pilsbry, H.A,, IMeij Japanese marine Mollusca, Proc, Acad, Nat, Scii, Phila, 56: 3-32, 33-37, pis, 1-6. (p, 16, pi, 3, fig. 27) juliae Clench & Aguayo, 1939, Latlaxls 1939, Clench, UI.J., & Aguayo, C,, Memorlas de La Socledad Cubans dfer Historia Natural 13(3): 194-195, pi. 28, fig. 4. off Sandy Bay, Barbados, W.I., 75-100 fathoms kahiaiwurai Kira, 1954, Latlaxls 1954*. Kira, T,., Colored Illustrations of the shells of Japan, p, 51, pi, 25, fig, 20, (with name and figure only) 1954, L.C, 7th Edition p, 65, pi, 25, fig, 20. 1959, Kuroda, P,,. Venus, Vol, 2C, No, 4, pp. 319-320, pi, 20, fig, 5, According to Kuroda, 1959, the species appeared with a description in the 7th Edition, off Tosa, Shikoku Is,,^ Japan kieneri Hidalgo, 1905, Latiaxls 1904-05, Hidalgo, J.B., Catalogo Molluscos Testaceos de las Islas Philipinaa, Jolo, Marianas, Revue Real Acad, Clenc, Exactas, Fis, Nat Madrid, pp, 1-408. (p, 23) kincaidi Dali, 1919, Coralliophila (Pseudomurex) 1919, Dali, Id.H,, Description of new species of Mollusca from the North Pacific Ocean in the collection of the U,S, Nat, Mus, Proc, U.S Nat, Mus, 56: 293-371. (pp. 339-340) Puget Sound, Washington kinoshitai Fulton, 1930, Latiaxis 1930, Fulton, H., On new species of Latiaxis. Fasciolaria, Cassia, and Sunetta. Ann, Mag, Nat, Hist, (10)6; 685-686, pi, 18, (p, 685, pi. 18, figs, 1, la) Kii, Japan kiranus Kuroda, 1959, Latiaxis 1959, Kuroda, T,, Descriptions of new species of marine shells from Japan, Venus 20(4): 317-335, pi. 20. (pp, 323-324) off Tosa, Shikoku Is., Japan kochlana Scwerby, 1900, Ocinebrpi 1900, Sowerby, G.B. Ill, Descriptions of new species of marine Mollusca collected by the late Otto Koch st the island of Cebu, P.I, Proc, Malac, Soc, London 4: 126-129, pi. 11, (p, 126, pi, 11, fig, 1) kraemmeri Knudsen, 1956, Coralliophila 1956. Knudsen, J,, Marine prosobranchs of tropical West Africa (Stenoglossa), Atlantide Report no, 4, pp. 8-110, pis. 1-4, (p, 28, pi. 2, fig, 13) Nigeria kuroharai Habe, 1970, Tarantellaxis 1970, Habe, T,, Tarantellaxis n, gen, et sp, (Rapidae, Gastropoda) from Japan, Venus 29(3): 85-86, text figs, 1-2, off Okinoshima, Cape Ashizuri, Shikoku, Japan in 150 meters kylix Barnard, 1959, Latiaxis 1959, Barnard, K,H,, Contributions to the knowledge of South African marine Mollusca, Ann, South African Mus. 45; 1-237, figs, 1-52. (pp. 188-169, fig, 37) off Cape Natal (Durban), S, Africa in 54 fathoms 84 lacaratum Deahayes, 1856, Mu rax 1856, Deshayee, G.P,, Descriptions des especes nouvelles. Jour, da Ganchyl, 5: 78-^2, pi, 3, (pp, 79-81, pi, 3, figs. 3-4) coast of Algeria lactuca Dali, 1889, Coralliophila 1889, Dali, tiJ.H,, f^eport on the Mollusca, II, Gastropoda (Report on dredgings, . .by U.5. Coast Survey Steamer "Blake"), Bull, Mus. Comp, Zool, 18: 1-492, pis. 10-40, (p. 220, pi, 16, fig. 6) Gulf of Mexico, off Cuba - 152-229 fathoms^ off Fernandina, Fla, in 352 fathoms lamarckii Deshayes, 1863, Leptoeonchus 1863, Deshayes, G.P., Catalogue des mollusques de I'lle de La Reunion (Bourbon), pp, 1-144, pis, 1-14, (pp, 127-128, pi, 12, figs, 1-3) lamellata Habe, 1952. Emozatnia 1952, Habe, T,, Illustrq^^ed Catalogue of Japanese shells I\lo, 20, fig. 14, p,. 152, pi. 30. Tosa Bay, Shikoku, Japan lamellosMs Cristofori & Jan,, 1832, Fusus 1832,. Cristofori, J, & Jan, G,, Catalogue in IV sectiones divisus rerum naturalium in museo extantium Joseph! de Cristofor et Georgyi Jan, pp. 1-16, (p, 10) not eeen laroellosus Philippi, 1836, Fusus 1836, Philippi, R.A., Enum. Moll. Sicil. vol. 1, pp. 1-267, pis. 1-12, (p. 204, pi. 11, fig. 30) Panormi, Messina, Medit, lankae Deraniyagala, 1968, Magilus 1968, Deraniyagala, P.E.P,, A new gastropod of the genus Magilus Montfort from Ceylon, Proc. Ceylon Assoc, Advanc, Sci, 24; 53-54, not seen latiaxidea Sowerby, 1894. Coralliophila 1894, Souerby, G.B, IIl"^ L)escriptions of twelve new species, chiefly from Mauritius, Proc. Malac. Soc, London 1; 41-44, pi, 4. (p. 42, pi, 4, fig, 6) Mauritius latipinnatus Azuma, 1961, Latiaxis ( Latiaxla ) 1961, Azuma, M,, Descriptions of six new species of Japanese marine Gastropoda, Venus 21(3): 296-303, (pp, 301-302, text figs, 2-6) off Tosa, Shikoku, Japan, 80-100 fms. licinus Hedley & Petterd, 1906, Murex 1906, Hedley, C, & Petterd, F.Ui,, Mollusca from 300 fathoms off Sydney, Records of the Australian Museum 6: 211-225, pis, 37-38, (p, 219, pi, 37, fig. 6) not seen : . ^ (V ; lintoni Verrill & Smith, S,I. in Verrill, 1882, Trophon 1882, Verrill, A.E,, Notice of the remarkable marine fauna occupying the outer banks off the southern coast of f\tew England, No, 7, and of some additions to the fauna of Vineyard Sound, Amer, Jour, Sci, 24: 360- 371, f^igured in Trifns, of Conn, Acad., 1884, ^ol, 6, p, 176, pi, 29, fig. 1. 85 lischkeana Punker,” 18B2, Rapana 1882, Dunker, UJ., Index molluscorum marls Japonica, pp, 1-301, pla, 1-16, (p, 43, pi, 1, figs, 1-2; pi, 13, fig, 26-27) Indo-uBSt Pacific macleani Shasky, 1970, Coralliophila 1970. Shasky, D.R., IMeui gastropod taxa from Tropical uestern America. The Ueligar 13(2); 188-195, one pi. (pp. 189-190, fig. 4) Saladita Bay, Guaymas, Mexico madreporarum Sowerby, 1832. Purpura 1832, Sowerby, G.B., Genera of Recent and fossil shells, vol. 2, pi. 237, fig. 12. madreporinua Adams, & A* 1858, Coralliophila nomen nudum 1858, Adams, H, & A., The genera of Recent Mollusca, vol, 1, pp. i-xl a 1-484. (p, 135) maillardi Deshayes, 1863, Leptoconchus 1863, Deshayes, G.P., Catalogue des Mallusques de I'lle de la Reunion (Bourbon), pp, 1-144, pis, 1-14, (pp, 124-125, pi, 12, figs, 28-29) mansf ieldi McGinty, 1940, Muricidea 1940, McGinty, T.L., Meui land and marine Tertiary shells from southern Florida, The Nautilus 53(3)r 81-84, pi, 10, (83-84, pi, 10, fig, 5, 5a) fossils 1949. McGinty in Pilsbry, H.A. a McGinty, T.L., . New Marine Mollusks of Florida and the Bahamas. Nautilus 63(1); 9-15, pi, 1, fig, 3 & 3a. First described as a living species here and placed in Coralliophila. mari*ati Knudsen, 1956, Coralliophila 1956. hnudsen, J., Marine prosobranchs of tropical west Africa (Stenoglossa), Atlantide Report no, 4; 8-110, pis, 1-4, (p, 29, pi, 2, fig. 14) Liberia marumai Habe & Kosuge, 1970, Lat iaxis (Lamellatiaxis ) 1970, Habe T, & hosuge, S,, Description of a new subgenus and species of Latiaxis from the South China Sea. Uenus 28(4); 182-185, figs, 1-3, South China Sea- brought into Taiwan by coral fishing boat mauiae Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834, Pyrula 1834, Griffith, E, & Pidgeon, E., Mollusca and Radiata Iri Cuvier, Regne Animal (Animal Kingdom), vol. 12, pp. 1-601', pis, 1-15, (p, 599- name only, pi, 25, figs. 3-4) meyendorff i Calcara, 1845, Murex 1845, Calcara, P,, Cenno Moll, Wiv, e fossili di Sicilia, (p, 33, pi, 4, fig, 22) not seen Sicily microcephalus Souerby, 1872, Magilus 1872. Souierby, G.B, II, ^ Reeve, L.A., Conchologia Iconics, pi, 2, sp, 3. mira Cotton & Godfrey, 1932, Rapana 1932. Cotton, B.C. & Godfrey, F.K., South Australian Shells, pt. 5, pp, 127-176, pis. 1-2. (p. 145, pi. 1, fig. 16) St, Francis Is., South Australia to Ellensbrook, Uest. Australia monodonta Quoy & Gaimard, 1032, Purpura 1032, Quay, J.R,C, & Gaimard, J.P., Zoologie, Wayage da L' Astrolabe, vQla, 2a3, pp. 1-606, Atlaa, pis, 1-107, (vol. 2, pp, 561-562. pi, 37, figs, 9-11) * modterosatoi Locard, 1097, Pseudomurex 1097, Locard, A., Expeditions Scientif iques du Travailleur et du Talisman, Mollusques testaces, vol. 1, pp, 1-515, pla, 1-22, (p. 315, pi. 15, figs, 21-23) Au nord de l^Espagne, 564 & 560 meters morishimai Azuma, 1961. Goralliobia nomen nudum 1961, Azuma, M,, A Catalogue of tie shell-bearing Molluaca of Qkinoshima, Kashiuajima and the adjacent area (Tosa Province) Shikoku, Japan, Supplement, p, 3, morishimai Kuroda & Shikama, 1966, Ccralliophila 1966, Huroda, T, & Shikama, T,, On some new Latiaxis and ‘^oralliophila in Japan, Venus 25(1): 21-25, pis, 1-2, (p, 22, pi, 1, fig, 3) Shionomisaki, Wakayama Pref, & Okinoshima muricatus Hinds, 1044, Trophon 1044, Hinds, R.B., Voyage of H.M.S, Sulphur, Zoology; Molluscs, vol, 2, pp, 1-72, pis, 1-21, (vol, 2, p, 14, no, 36, pi, 1, figs, 16-17) Panama, 19 fathoms nakamiqawai huroda, 1959, Latiaxis 1959,. huroda, T,, Descriptions of new species of marine shells from Japan. Venus 20(4): 317-335, pis. 20-21. (pp. 321-322, pi, 20, fig. 6) Tosa, Shikoku Is,, Japan nakayasui Shikama, 1970, Latiaxis(igaberomurBxJ sic 1970, Shikama, T,, On some noteworthy marine Gastropoda from south- western Japan (2), Sci,. Rep, Yokohama IMat, Univ, Sec, 2, no, 16, pp. 19-27, pi.. 1, (pp. 22-23, pi. 1, figs. 10-13) hashiwajima Is., S,W, hochi Pref,, Japan nerltoidea Sowerby, 1032, Purpura 1032, Sowerby, J., Genera of Recent and Fossil shells, vol. 2, (no pagination) pis, 1-267, (pi, 237, fig. 0) neritoideus Lamarck, 101)6, Fusus 1016, Lamarck, J.B.P.A,, Tableaux Encyclopedique et methodique des trois regnes de la nature, pis, 391-400 & Lists dea objets representes pp. 1-16, (pi. 435, figs, 2a, b) nivBus Adams, 1053, Murex 1053, Adams, A., Descriptions of several new species of Murex, Rissoina. Planaxis and Eulima from the Cumingian collection, Proc, Zool, Soc, London 19: 267-272, (p, 270) nodosa Adams, 1054, Rapana (Latiaxis) 1054, Adams, A,, Descriptions of new species of Semele. Rhizochilus. Plotia. Tiara in the Cumingian collection, Proc, Zool, Sod, London 21: 94-99^ sp, 29, Philippine Is, 87 nodulosa Adams, H, &, A,, 1863 doralliophlla 1863, Adams, H, & A., Descriptions of neu species of shells chiefly from the Cumingian collection, Proc. Zool, Soc, London 31: A28-A35, (pp, 431-432) Guadeloupe nux Reeve, 1846, Murex 1846. Reeve, L.A., Conchologia Iconica vol, 3, Murex, (pi, 35, fig, 181) Common in the Galapagos oblonqus "Sowerby" Adams, H, & A., 1858. Leptoconchus nomen nudum 1858. Adams, H. & A,, The genera of f^ecant Mollusca. vol. 1, pp. i- xl & 1-484. (p. 138) oldroydi Dldroyd, 1929, Gpralllophila 1929, Dldroyd, I.S., Description of a new Coralliophila . Nautilus 42: 98, pi. 5, figs. 1-4. Bird Rock, off Isthmus ^ove, Catalina orcuttiana Dali, 1919, Coralliophila (Pseudomurex ) 1919, Dali, UI.H,, Descriptions of new species of Mollusks from the North Pacific Ocean in the collection of the U.S.N.M. Proc, U.S.N.M, 56(2295): 2513-371. (p. 340) Magdalena Bay (type locality) and in mainland Mexico from Guaymas to the Gulf of Tehuantepec. osculans Adams, 1852, Purpura 1852. Adams, C.B., Catalogue of shells collected at Panama, pp, 1-324, (p, 79, sp. 74) paqodus Adams, 1853, Murex 1853, Adams, A,, Descriptions of several new species of Murex, Rlssoina, Planaxis, and Eulima from the Cumingian collection, Proc, Zool, Soc, London 19: 267-272, (p, 269, sp, 11) paqodus A,. Adams, forma multispinosus Shikama, 1966, Latlaxi^ ^aberomurex_)3lc 1966* Shikama, T,, On some new Latiaxis and Coralliophila in Japan, Uenus 25(1): 21-25, pis. 1-2, (pp. 24-25, pi. 2, figs, 13-15) Nada, Wakayama, Japan paqodus Sowerby, 1887, Latiaxis 1887,. Sowerby, G,B, III, Thesaurus Conchyliorura vol, 5. (p^3, pl.l figs. 2-3) panormitana Allery (Monterosato), 1872, Pyrula 1872, Monterosato, T.A. di, Conchiglie Mediterranee, pp* 1-61, Also cited - Pseudomurex assignment under the author's true last name - MonterosatOj full name - Tommaso Allery II Marchess di Monterosato papyracea Lamarck, 1816, Pyrula 1816. Lamarck, J.B.P.A,, Tattleau encylopedique et methodiqua des trois regnes de la nature, pis, 391-488 & lists des objets representes pp, 1-16, (p;. 436, figs, la-c, p* 8) parvus Smith, E.A., 1877. Rhizochilus (Coralliophila) 1877, Smith, E.A., On a collection made by H.M.S, Petrel. Mollusca, pp. 64-73, pis. 11-13, (p. 70, pi. 11, fig. 6) Galapagos Is. (Charles Is.) 88 patruelis Smith, 1890,. Murex CDclnebra') 1890, Smith, E.A,, Report on the marine Molluscan fauna of the island of St, Helena, Proc, Zool, Soc, London 1890: 247-317, pis, 22-24, (p. 259, pi. 23, fig, 6) pauper bJatson, 1863. Murex (Dcinebra ) 1883, Watson, R.B., Mollusca of H.M.S, Challenger Expedition* J, Linn. Soc. London 16: 594-611. (pp, 604-605) Amboyna, 15-20 fathoms 1886, Watson, R.B., Murex (Pseudomurex ) pauper, Voyage of the Challenger. Gastropoda 15: 1-756, pis, 1-50, 6 MON /i Roncadcrr Reef /& ISLANDS \ / \ ^^Kia Village ^ V ^ KOLOMBANGARA l> NEW V GEORGIA VELLA LAVELLA I. GIZO I. Munda Russell Is^^ ^ I Florida Is. GUADALCANAL MALAITA I. Marau Sc SOLOMON SEA CN. REN ”Conu3 qlorlamaris is really not rare; I trap them as I would lobsters, but recently fishermen have been stealing my traps just to get the hundreds of feet of nylon line." Brian Bailey, professional diver and salvor of sun- ken ships, was showing us a glisteningf ive-inch cone he had just taken from a trap near Yandina Plantation in the ^ussell Island Group, toward the end of our three weeks of diving and collecting in the Solomons, in July of this year. Over a year ago, Billee Dilworth and Twila Bratcher had started organizing the American Melanesian Expedition, in which twelve members of the San Diego Shell Club would travel on the 100 ton, 79 foot motor vessel CBRALITA, visiting jungle-covered volcanic "high islands" and p m-crowned coral "low islands". The CORALITA's captain, Wally Muller of Yeppoon, Queensland, has SANTA CRUZ IS 101. conducted such voyages for the last tuienty years, ranging from the Great Barrier Reef up to Neu Guinea and down to New Caledonia, All of our group had previously sought shells in remote parts of the world, and easily fell into the routine of life on board, exploring and collecting, then cleaning and identifying our acquisitions. Ills flew from Los Angeles to Riji, thence over the New Hebrides to Honiara, capital of Ihe newly independent Solomons, where the CDRALITA awaited us in front of the Mendana Hotel, Our bulky sacks of heavy equip- ment for diving and collecting, far overweight by former airline standards, were accepted under the new rules by which baggage is measured rather than weighed. In Nadi, *^iji, we were greatly assisted by the passenger agent who remembered Sillee and Twila from the previous ^i ji trip, and quickly transferred our baggage from P^n American to the smaller Air Pacific plane for the final thousand mile leg of our outwgrd journey. For the next three weeks we lived on board, traveling mostly at night and using the daylight hours to snorkel and dive, often diving again at night in the warm, clear tropical water. Ule slept in comfortable state- rooms, enjoyed hot fresh-water showers, and feasted each day on the in- spired creations of Denise Muller, who continually produced wonders from her tiny galley. The captain also won our admiration by skillful navigation from one coral-studded island group to the next, always raising or dropping the anchor by daylight, then conning his boat visually through the tricky reefs. Some nights we travelled as many as fifteen hours, a distance over a hundred miles, as between southern Santa Isabel Island and Roncador Reef, arriving with pinpoint precision just as the firstlight illuminated the shipwreck which sits high on the otherwise invisible coral reef, Ths Solomon Islands consist of ten large islands and hundreds of smaller ones, scattered along a double line northwest to southeast, over some 250,000 square miles of tie southeastern Pacific Ocean, The population of about 200,000 is largely concentrated on the big island of Malaita (50,000), and Guadalcanal, where over ten thousand islanders have flocked to the new capital, Honiara, Most of the other people are scattered in tiny family groups or little villages, often far from any roads or docks, thus virtually unaware of the outer world. Predominantly Melanesian and Polynesian, the people are further classi- fiable by life-style, often being referred to as either "bush people", living in the jungle highlands by hunting and slash-and-burn agriculture, or as "coastal people", living from fishing and cocoanut culture along the coastal fringes of the volcanic "high islands" and on the coral "low islands". □ne of the objectives of the AMELA Expedition was to meet local people, to learn a little about their way of life, and to buy shells. Ue did visit the Polynesian village of Leuaniua on remote Dntong Java atoll, out in the open Pacific, and the Melanesian Kia Village, on a jungle slope where river- j like Austria Sound cuts through northwest Santa Isabel Island. It was a privilege to otrserve even so briefly a way of life based on fishing and subsistence agriculture, little touched by outside influences. The fOiTmer warlike reputation of the Melanesian people may have been partly based on their understandable retaliation for the raiding and pillaging of their villages by nineteenth century slave traders. In that part of the world, June and July are winter months, part of the "dry season", but we were to learn that this only meant that we would have somewhat less rain than during a comparable period in the "wet season", Ulhere an average of eighty inches of rain each year keeps the rivers full and the jungle green, we should not have been surprised by frequent grey skies and occasional stormy periods. 102,. The ocean ujater uas a pleasant eighty degrees or mere, and ue needed no Ljetsuits, Ub did, however, wear slacks and long-sleeved shirts when diving to guard against coral scratches and jellyfish stings, and this cover also kept us warm when the water tempereture declined at depths to a hundred feet and during late night dives, Visibility in the open ocean was generally around a hundred feet, except in the vicinity of rivers, where silt and the mixture of salt and fresh water clouded our vision, and in the turbulent passages between islands, as near Kia Village and among the l^lorida Islands. There visibility was reduced to arm's length, and the swirling currents made drift-dives the order of the day, Brian Bailey had told us that we would find, in these passes, a shell under every rock or coral bump. He forgot to tell us how many yards of bare sand might lie between rocks. Shell collecting began at once on our arrival in Honiara, In fact, the Bradners, having flown ahead of the main party, could already show us inter- esting specimens found directly in front of the hotel. Then, while the CDRALITA took on fuel in Honiara Harbor our first night on board, several of our group took the opportunity to make a night dive under the adjacent pier. By the light of the waterproof electric lamps they turned up a magnificent Conus aulicus, a large and very active Harpa, and various nice Cypraea. In contrast to the earlier Fiji expedition, where many fine shells were collected while simply walking on reefs or by shallow snorkeling, in the Solomons most of our collecting entailed long hours of snorkeling, or SCUBA diving,. In general the reefs and shores we visited seemed sparsely inhabited by marine life, some even appeared quite barren. Even night diving, which usually finds th& denizens of the deep "out for an evening stroll", uas not always fruitful on this trip, although it was clear that the more prolific and varied coral areas also harbor the greatest v-^riety of fauna. Of course there were some exceptionally good collecting days. For example, read Twila Bratcher's description of the moonlight dive at Lunga Point, in the September 1976 FE5TIVUS, Another notable location uas little Uudha Island off the southeast coast of Guadalcanal, Apparently there had been no visitors for years, hence the shells lay in windrows along the high tide lines, and shells were numerous in the lagoons and in deeper water, Roncador Reef was another rich source of many and varied specimens, and we regretted the need to move on after less than twenty-four hours. On some lucky occasions shells seemed practically to jump into my col- lecting bag as at Ngalignagho Island near southeast Santa Isabel Island where we made one of our first stops after leaving Honiara, On my first dive at this station, as I drifted down to the sloping bottom at about thirty feet of depth, there lay on the white coral sand in front of me the most taeautiful shell I uas to find in the entire three weeks,,. a superb volute, a V. rut ila (110 mm). It had recently died and the fish had completely cloaned it out, leaving the rich red and orange gleaming attractively. This was one of the few volutes found by anyone on this expedition. Another fortuitous find occurred on a night dive elsewhere. As we swam doi'sn to the planned starting depth around seventy feet, the first thing my light revealed was a perfect little Lamb is scorpius (130 mm). But there were other occasions when no amount of searching revealed any collectable specimens. In all, at twenty-four collecting stations, Heidrun and I found more than 175 species of shells distributed among twenty-six families, plus another twenty specimens we have not been able to identify, I would guess that a combined checklist from all twelve participants will exceed three hundred species, While collecting shells, we also watched for nudibranchs and Dave Mulliner collected and photographed about thirty species, including four not yet named. Descriptions of these animals are being worked on now. MINUTE SHELLS By JULES HERTZ 103 The shells shown below are from the Hertz collection. The one on the left was dredged by David and Margaret Mulliner in 100 ft. of water, north of Punta La Gringa in Bahia de los Angeles, '^aja California, Mexico on May 19, 1976, The specimen was identified by the author as belonging to the family Coralliophilidae but the shape and sculpture appeared to be different than any of the species pictured in Heen, This specimen was identified by Anthony D'Attilio as Lgralliophila orcuttiana Dali, 1919, As noted in Keen, many of the Coralliophilid species are variable in form. The main iden- tifying feature of C, orcuttiana is the long anterior canal. The specimen dredged by the Mulliners has more rounded whorls and ribs than the speci- men pictured in Heen, I had thought that these differences might be a result of the specimen pictured by Keen being an adult (2Q mm. long) and trtis dredged specimen a juvenile (B mm, long). The shell on the right is also a specimen of C, orcuttiana. This one was trawled by a shrimp boat, off Rio Balsas, Acapulco, Mexico, at 40 fathoms in March 1969, It is approximately 18 mm, long and looks very similar to the specimen pictured in Heen, The maturity theory for the form differences seemed reasonable until I located a picture of a 22 mm, specimen (M, Smith, 1939) which looked just like the juvenile specimen dredged by the Mulliners, The specimen pictured by Smith was found in Magdalena Bay, bJ, Mexico by C,R, Drcutt and was used by Dali for naming of the species. It is U.S. Nat, Mus, Cat, No, 217B69, It is possible that there are two distinct forms of this species and/or the form may be a result of differences in the habitats such as sandy versus rocky bottoms. C, orcuttiana Dali, 1919 Length; B mm. Photo by David Mulliner C, orcuttiana Dali, 1919 Length: 18 mm. Photo by Barbara Myers Dali, Lii.H,, 1919, Descriptions of new species of Mollusks from the North Pacific Ocean in the collection of the U.5.IM.M, Proc, U.S.N.M. 56(2295); 293-371. (p. 340) Keen, A, Myra, 1971, Sea shells of tropical UJest America, Stanford Univ, Press, 1064 pp., over 4000 illus. Smith, Maxwell, 1939, An illustrated catalog of the Recent species of the rock shells, Tropical Photographic Laboratory, Lantana, Florida. Pp. xiii + 127, 912 figs. A SELECTED INDEX TO UOLUME X (1978) Listings are by both title and author. The No, refers to the month, the number after the colon to the page. At Tourmaline Canyon Surfing Beach — -September 1978, Hartz, C.M., No. 9:64 Catalogue of Coralliophilidae, D'Attilio, A,, No, 10:69-96 ^ Collecting in Playa Og Santiago, Hertz, C.M., No. 9:66 Correction to "Minute Invader", (by B.LiJ, Myers, No. 4:34-35) No. 5:41 Correspondence on the Antarctic Issue. Hertz, 0,, No. 1:5 (88) (Collecting in I Antarctica, Vol, UIII, No. 7:42-54 Cowrie Hunting on Maui. Bradner, H, & Cn^Qr-th , B., No. 4:32 Diving Experiences in Puerto f^ico, Myers, O.D., No, 8:62-63 Don't You Believe It, Bratcher, T,, (night diving on Liuadalcanal ) No. 9:67 George E, Radwin Memorial Issue,, D'Attilio, A,, Hertz, C,, Shasky, D,, No/2:ll- Minute Invader, Myers, B,IjJ,, (bivalve boring into Dcenebra f oveolata ) No. 4:34-35' Minute Shells, Hertz, J, (see Hertz, 3, under author listing for species covered in this monthly column) No. 1:91^ 3:27, 4:33, 5:40, 6:44, 7:55, 8:61, 9:65, 11: 103-104 New or Poorly Known Coralliophilidae and Muricidae, Part III, D'Attilio, A*, No. 1:6-7 (89-90) Notes on Genkalmurex fimbriatulus (A, Adams, 1862), D'Attilio, A,, No. 5:37-39 Not^s on the ^iphonal Canal in Muricidae, D'Attilio, A,, No. 6:47-48 Palau, King, M,F,, No. 3:28-30 Range Extension for Tegula pulligo — Rediscovered, Hertz, C.M., No. 7:51-54 Remote Islands of Tahiti~Tahaa 1977, Bradner, M,, No.. 1:2-5 (85-88) Smiths Volute. Clover, P.bJ,, No 5:41 Some Notes on the Family Conidae. Martin, C.L,, No. 6:45-46 The 1978 Amela Expedition to the Solomon Islands, an Informal Report, Faulconer, P,W,,. No. 11: lDQ-102 Unusual Find, Hertz, J,, (Halgerda sp.) No. 11: 99 Bratcher, Twila Don't you Believe It. (night diving on Cuadalcanal ) No. 9:67 1D5. Clover, Phillip U,, Smiths V/olute, Mo. 5:41 Bradner, Hugh & Diluorth, Billee Cowrie Hunting on Maui. Mo. 4:32 Bradner, Marge Remote Islands of Tahiti — Tahaa 1977, Mo. 1:85-88 D'Attilio, Anthony Catalogue of Coralliophilidae, Mo, 10:89-96 Mew or Poorly Hnown Coralliophilidae and Muricidae, Part III. Mo. 1:1-9 (84-92) Motes on Cenkaimurex f imbriatulus (A. Adams, 1862), Mo. 5:37-39 Motes on the Siphonal banal in Muricidae, Mo. 6:47-48 D"Attilio, Anthony, Hertz, Carole M,, Shasky, Donald, George E, Radwin Memorial Issue, (a catalogue of his work) Mo 2:11-24 Mo. 1:91 Mo. 3:27 Mo. 4 : 33 Mo. 5 : 40 Mo. 6 : 44 Faulconer, Philip W, t ^ i n 4. m n The 1978 AMELA Expedition to the ^olomon Islands, An Informal Report, Mo. ii: 100-102 Hertz, Carole M, At Tourmaline Surfing Beach-September 1978, Mo. 9:64 Collecting in Playa De Santiago. Mo. 9:66 Range Extension For T egula pulli go— Rediscovered , Mo, 7:51— 54 Hertz, Jules Minute Shells Dentalium hancocki , Caecum elonqatum Aesopus sanct us , T urbonilla hist ias T riphora peninsularis , T riphora sp, Pyrocythara helena , Alaba .jeanstt ae T enaturris merits , Rissoina ericana Ancistromesus mexicanus , Alvinia monserratensis Mo. 7:55 Cerithiopsis t uberculoides , T urbonilla sp. Mo. 8:61 Acteocina maqdalenensis, T urbonilla tridentata Mo, 1:65 Coralliophila orcutt iana Mo 11:103-104 Correspondence on the Antarctic Issue (Collecting in Antarctica, Wol. Will, Mo. 7:42-54) Mo. 1:88 Unusual Find. (Halqerda sp) Mo. 11:99 Hing, M, Frank Palau, Mo. 3:28-30 Martin, Clifton L. Some Motes on the family Conidae. Mo. 6:45-46 Myers, Barbara bJ, Minute Invader, (bivalve boring into Ccenebra foveolata) Mo. 4: ^4-35 Myers, John D, Diving Experiences in Puerto Rico, PJo, 8:62-63 i f;, I i. u ■■ iil. 1 Gi ;v -,: ; > =8f , .'/.■*. ,’ l-’^f't •- ''■■ V ■ ,.v ''^,.; ■■■ '''’■ /''';;rM;,:i;.J.'i{?;''r^'''V*'^^ ■,; K.i,r ' wV"' :; ^.x ,w^i , irlQXi:L n ' -' ' '■ ^,1:':^" - .; :f;''|j-j,r;i''r n rj^ k;00' . ,.'■ ,, y V ci ,?:1;fji.v i'"! >'iS' ’ )r’:,^.,,.:Jrmi3' iHi : ^$iol/! , ■ -C ■ . '^ I Mi\, ilf,-. fy.; ••^'.^ u-> s^S&'i ■ " f?'(. ■ <^4h: .,■ a;y X ■-« y,' '. X '!. 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